Номер 3.2, страница 75 - гдз по геометрии 8 класс учебник Шыныбеков, Шыныбеков

Геометрия, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Шыныбеков Абдухали Насырович, Шыныбеков Данияр Абдухалиевич, Жумабаев Ринат Нурланович, издательство Атамұра, Алматы, 2018

Авторы: Шыныбеков А. Н., Шыныбеков Д. А., Жумабаев Р. Н.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Атамұра

Год издания: 2018 - 2026

ISBN: 978-601-331-161-6

Рекомендовано Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан

Раздел 3. Площадь. 3.1. Площадь прямоугольника - номер 3.2, страница 75.

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                    "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1]
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                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099 …2}
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 …2}
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                    "field_url" => "/8-klass/geometrija/shynybekov-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 …2}
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                    0 => "*"
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            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103
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          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1104
          #connection: "mysql"
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          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
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                0 => App\Models\Book {#1107
                  #connection: "mysql"
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                    "id" => 2592
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1136
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    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152
      #items: array:4 [
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          #keyType: "int"
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          #attributes: array:7 [
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            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1163
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
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                  #keyType: "int"
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "title" => "Учебник rus"
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                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1165 …2}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
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                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
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                "width" => "1771"
                "height" => 515
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            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171}
            "task" => array:2 [
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              "type" => "task"
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            "text" => "<p>Обозначим стороны прямоугольника $ABCD$ как $AD = a$ и $AB = b$. Тогда площадь прямоугольника равна $S_{ABCD} = a \cdot b$.</p><p>По условию задачи, точки $N, E, L, K$ являются серединами сторон $AB, AD, BC, CD$ соответственно. Следовательно:</p><ul><li>$N$ — середина $AB$, поэтому $AN = NB = \frac{b}{2}$</li><li>$E$ — середина $AD$, поэтому $AE = ED = \frac{a}{2}$</li><li>$L$ — середина $BC$, поэтому $BL = LC = \frac{a}{2}$ (так как $BC=AD$)</li><li>$K$ — середина $CD$, поэтому $CK = KD = \frac{b}{2}$ (так как $CD=AB$)</li></ul><p><strong>1</strong>) ΔABD;</p><p>Треугольник $ABD$ является прямоугольным, так как его стороны $AB$ и $AD$ являются сторонами прямоугольника. Его площадь равна половине произведения катетов $AB$ и $AD$.</p><p>$S_{\triangle ABD} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot AD \cdot AB = \frac{1}{2} a b$.</p><p>Отношение площади треугольника $ABD$ к площади прямоугольника $ABCD$ составляет:</p><p>$\frac{S_{\triangle ABD}}{S_{ABCD}} = \frac{\frac{1}{2}ab}{ab} = \frac{1}{2}$.</p><p>Ответ: $\frac{1}{2}$.</p><p><strong>2</strong>) ΔABE;</p><p>Треугольник $ABE$ является прямоугольным с прямым углом при вершине $A$. Его катеты — $AB$ и $AE$. Длина $AB = b$, а $AE = \frac{AD}{2} = \frac{a}{2}$.</p><p>Площадь треугольника $ABE$ равна:</p><p>$S_{\triangle ABE} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot AB \cdot AE = \frac{1}{2} \cdot b \cdot \frac{a}{2} = \frac{ab}{4}$.</p><p>Отношение его площади к площади прямоугольника:</p><p>$\frac{S_{\triangle ABE}}{S_{ABCD}} = \frac{\frac{1}{4}ab}{ab} = \frac{1}{4}$.</p><p>Ответ: $\frac{1}{4}$.</p><p><strong>3</strong>) ΔBKD;</p><p>Для нахождения площади треугольника $BKD$ примем за основание сторону $KD$. Длина основания $KD = \frac{CD}{2} = \frac{b}{2}$. Высотой, проведенной из вершины $B$ к основанию $KD$ (и прямой $CD$), будет сторона $BC$, длина которой равна $a$.</p><p>Площадь треугольника $BKD$ равна:</p><p>$S_{\triangle BKD} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot KD \cdot BC = \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{b}{2} \cdot a = \frac{ab}{4}$.</p><p>Отношение его площади к площади прямоугольника:</p><p>$\frac{S_{\triangle BKD}}{S_{ABCD}} = \frac{\frac{1}{4}ab}{ab} = \frac{1}{4}$.</p><p>Ответ: $\frac{1}{4}$.</p><p><strong>4</strong>) ABLKD;</p><p>Фигура $ABLKD$ — это пятиугольник. Его площадь можно найти, вычтя из площади всего прямоугольника $ABCD$ площадь треугольника $CLK$.</p><p>Треугольник $CLK$ является прямоугольным с прямым углом при вершине $C$. Его катеты — $CL$ и $CK$.</p><p>$CL = \frac{BC}{2} = \frac{a}{2}$ и $CK = \frac{CD}{2} = \frac{b}{2}$.</p><p>Площадь треугольника $CLK$ равна:</p><p>$S_{\triangle CLK} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot CL \cdot CK = \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{a}{2} \cdot \frac{b}{2} = \frac{ab}{8}$.</p><p>Площадь пятиугольника $ABLKD$ равна:</p><p>$S_{ABLKD} = S_{ABCD} - S_{\triangle CLK} = ab - \frac{ab}{8} = \frac{7}{8}ab$.</p><p>Отношение его площади к площади прямоугольника:</p><p>$\frac{S_{ABLKD}}{S_{ABCD}} = \frac{\frac{7}{8}ab}{ab} = \frac{7}{8}$.</p><p>Ответ: $\frac{7}{8}$.</p><p><strong>5</strong>) ABLKE;</p><p>Фигура $ABLKE$ — это пятиугольник. Его площадь можно найти, вычтя из площади прямоугольника $ABCD$ площади двух треугольников: $\triangle CLK$ и $\triangle EKD$.</p><p>Площадь $\triangle CLK$ мы уже нашли, она равна $\frac{ab}{8}$.</p><p>Треугольник $EKD$ является прямоугольным с прямым углом при вершине $D$. Его катеты — $ED$ и $KD$.</p><p>$ED = \frac{AD}{2} = \frac{a}{2}$ и $KD = \frac{CD}{2} = \frac{b}{2}$.</p><p>Площадь треугольника $EKD$ равна:</p><p>$S_{\triangle EKD} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot ED \cdot KD = \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{a}{2} \cdot \frac{b}{2} = \frac{ab}{8}$.</p><p>Площадь пятиугольника $ABLKE$ равна:</p><p>$S_{ABLKE} = S_{ABCD} - S_{\triangle CLK} - S_{\triangle EKD} = ab - \frac{ab}{8} - \frac{ab}{8} = ab - \frac{2ab}{8} = ab - \frac{ab}{4} = \frac{3}{4}ab$.</p><p>Отношение его площади к площади прямоугольника:</p><p>$\frac{S_{ABLKE}}{S_{ABCD}} = \frac{\frac{3}{4}ab}{ab} = \frac{3}{4}$.</p><p>Ответ: $\frac{3}{4}$.</p><p><strong>6</strong>) LKEN;</p><p>Четырехугольник $LKEN$ соединяет середины сторон прямоугольника. Его площадь можно найти, вычтя из площади прямоугольника $ABCD$ площади четырех угловых треугольников: $\triangle NAE$, $\triangle NBL$, $\triangle LCK$ и $\triangle KDE$.</p><p>Площади всех этих треугольников равны:</p><p>$S_{\triangle NAE} = S_{\triangle NBL} = S_{\triangle LCK} = S_{\triangle KDE} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{a}{2} \cdot \frac{b}{2} = \frac{ab}{8}$.</p><p>Сумма их площадей равна $4 \cdot \frac{ab}{8} = \frac{ab}{2}$.</p><p>Площадь четырехугольника $LKEN$ равна:</p><p>$S_{LKEN} = S_{ABCD} - 4 \cdot \frac{ab}{8} = ab - \frac{ab}{2} = \frac{1}{2}ab$.</p><p>Отношение его площади к площади прямоугольника:</p><p>$\frac{S_{LKEN}}{S_{ABCD}} = \frac{\frac{1}{2}ab}{ab} = \frac{1}{2}$.</p><p>Ответ: $\frac{1}{2}$.</p><p><strong>7</strong>) ALD и BEC?</p><p>Найдем площади треугольников $ALD$ и $BEC$.</p><p>Для треугольника $ALD$ основание $AD = a$. Высота, проведенная из вершины $L$ к основанию $AD$, равна стороне $AB=b$.</p><p>$S_{\triangle ALD} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot AD \cdot b = \frac{1}{2}ab$.</p><p>Для треугольника $BEC$ основание $BC = a$. Высота, проведенная из вершины $E$ к основанию $BC$, равна стороне $AB=b$.</p><p>$S_{\triangle BEC} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot BC \cdot b = \frac{1}{2}ab$.</p><p>Отношение площади каждого из этих треугольников к площади прямоугольника составляет $\frac{\frac{1}{2}ab}{ab} = \frac{1}{2}$.</p><p>Ответ: Площадь каждого из треугольников $\triangle ALD$ и $\triangle BEC$ составляет $\frac{1}{2}$ площади прямоугольника $ABCD$.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p>Обозначим стороны прямоугольника $ABCD$ как $AD = a$ и $AB = b$. Тогда площадь прямоугольника равна $S_{ABCD} = a \cdot b$.</p><p>По условию задачи, точки $N, E, L, K$ являются серединами сторон $AB, AD, BC, CD$ соответственно. Следовательно:</p><ul><li>$N$ — середина $AB$, поэтому $AN = NB = \frac{b}{2}$</li><li>$E$ — середина $AD$, поэтому $AE = ED = \frac{a}{2}$</li><li>$L$ — середина $BC$, поэтому $BL = LC = \frac{a}{2}$ (так как $BC=AD$)</li><li>$K$ — середина $CD$, поэтому $CK = KD = \frac{b}{2}$ (так как $CD=AB$)</li></ul><p><strong>1</strong>) ΔABD;</p><p>Треугольник $ABD$ является прямоугольным, так как его стороны $AB$ и $AD$ являются сторонами прямоугольника. Его площадь равна половине произведения катетов $AB$ и $AD$.</p><p>$S_{\triangle ABD} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot AD \cdot AB = \frac{1}{2} a b$.</p><p>Отношение площади треугольника $ABD$ к площади прямоугольника $ABCD$ составляет:</p><p>$\frac{S_{\triangle ABD}}{S_{ABCD}} = \frac{\frac{1}{2}ab}{ab} = \frac{1}{2}$.</p><p>Ответ: $\frac{1}{2}$.</p><p><strong>2</strong>) ΔABE;</p><p>Треугольник $ABE$ является прямоугольным с прямым углом при вершине $A$. Его катеты — $AB$ и $AE$. Длина $AB = b$, а $AE = \frac{AD}{2} = \frac{a}{2}$.</p><p>Площадь треугольника $ABE$ равна:</p><p>$S_{\triangle ABE} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot AB \cdot AE = \frac{1}{2} \cdot b \cdot \frac{a}{2} = \frac{ab}{4}$.</p><p>Отношение его площади к площади прямоугольника:</p><p>$\frac{S_{\triangle ABE}}{S_{ABCD}} = \frac{\frac{1}{4}ab}{ab} = \frac{1}{4}$.</p><p>Ответ: $\frac{1}{4}$.</p><p><strong>3</strong>) ΔBKD;</p><p>Для нахождения площади треугольника $BKD$ примем за основание сторону $KD$. Длина основания $KD = \frac{CD}{2} = \frac{b}{2}$. Высотой, проведенной из вершины $B$ к основанию $KD$ (и прямой $CD$), будет сторона $BC$, длина которой равна $a$.</p><p>Площадь треугольника $BKD$ равна:</p><p>$S_{\triangle BKD} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot KD \cdot BC = \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{b}{2} \cdot a = \frac{ab}{4}$.</p><p>Отношение его площади к площади прямоугольника:</p><p>$\frac{S_{\triangle BKD}}{S_{ABCD}} = \frac{\frac{1}{4}ab}{ab} = \frac{1}{4}$.</p><p>Ответ: $\frac{1}{4}$.</p><p><strong>4</strong>) ABLKD;</p><p>Фигура $ABLKD$ — это пятиугольник. Его площадь можно найти, вычтя из площади всего прямоугольника $ABCD$ площадь треугольника $CLK$.</p><p>Треугольник $CLK$ является прямоугольным с прямым углом при вершине $C$. Его катеты — $CL$ и $CK$.</p><p>$CL = \frac{BC}{2} = \frac{a}{2}$ и $CK = \frac{CD}{2} = \frac{b}{2}$.</p><p>Площадь треугольника $CLK$ равна:</p><p>$S_{\triangle CLK} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot CL \cdot CK = \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{a}{2} \cdot \frac{b}{2} = \frac{ab}{8}$.</p><p>Площадь пятиугольника $ABLKD$ равна:</p><p>$S_{ABLKD} = S_{ABCD} - S_{\triangle CLK} = ab - \frac{ab}{8} = \frac{7}{8}ab$.</p><p>Отношение его площади к площади прямоугольника:</p><p>$\frac{S_{ABLKD}}{S_{ABCD}} = \frac{\frac{7}{8}ab}{ab} = \frac{7}{8}$.</p><p>Ответ: $\frac{7}{8}$.</p><p><strong>5</strong>) ABLKE;</p><p>Фигура $ABLKE$ — это пятиугольник. Его площадь можно найти, вычтя из площади прямоугольника $ABCD$ площади двух треугольников: $\triangle CLK$ и $\triangle EKD$.</p><p>Площадь $\triangle CLK$ мы уже нашли, она равна $\frac{ab}{8}$.</p><p>Треугольник $EKD$ является прямоугольным с прямым углом при вершине $D$. Его катеты — $ED$ и $KD$.</p><p>$ED = \frac{AD}{2} = \frac{a}{2}$ и $KD = \frac{CD}{2} = \frac{b}{2}$.</p><p>Площадь треугольника $EKD$ равна:</p><p>$S_{\triangle EKD} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot ED \cdot KD = \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{a}{2} \cdot \frac{b}{2} = \frac{ab}{8}$.</p><p>Площадь пятиугольника $ABLKE$ равна:</p><p>$S_{ABLKE} = S_{ABCD} - S_{\triangle CLK} - S_{\triangle EKD} = ab - \frac{ab}{8} - \frac{ab}{8} = ab - \frac{2ab}{8} = ab - \frac{ab}{4} = \frac{3}{4}ab$.</p><p>Отношение его площади к площади прямоугольника:</p><p>$\frac{S_{ABLKE}}{S_{ABCD}} = \frac{\frac{3}{4}ab}{ab} = \frac{3}{4}$.</p><p>Ответ: $\frac{3}{4}$.</p><p><strong>6</strong>) LKEN;</p><p>Четырехугольник $LKEN$ соединяет середины сторон прямоугольника. Его площадь можно найти, вычтя из площади прямоугольника $ABCD$ площади четырех угловых треугольников: $\triangle NAE$, $\triangle NBL$, $\triangle LCK$ и $\triangle KDE$.</p><p>Площади всех этих треугольников равны:</p><p>$S_{\triangle NAE} = S_{\triangle NBL} = S_{\triangle LCK} = S_{\triangle KDE} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{a}{2} \cdot \frac{b}{2} = \frac{ab}{8}$.</p><p>Сумма их площадей равна $4 \cdot \frac{ab}{8} = \frac{ab}{2}$.</p><p>Площадь четырехугольника $LKEN$ равна:</p><p>$S_{LKEN} = S_{ABCD} - 4 \cdot \frac{ab}{8} = ab - \frac{ab}{2} = \frac{1}{2}ab$.</p><p>Отношение его площади к площади прямоугольника:</p><p>$\frac{S_{LKEN}}{S_{ABCD}} = \frac{\frac{1}{2}ab}{ab} = \frac{1}{2}$.</p><p>Ответ: $\frac{1}{2}$.</p><p><strong>7</strong>) ALD и BEC?</p><p>Найдем площади треугольников $ALD$ и $BEC$.</p><p>Для треугольника $ALD$ основание $AD = a$. Высота, проведенная из вершины $L$ к основанию $AD$, равна стороне $AB=b$.</p><p>$S_{\triangle ALD} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot AD \cdot b = \frac{1}{2}ab$.</p><p>Для треугольника $BEC$ основание $BC = a$. Высота, проведенная из вершины $E$ к основанию $BC$, равна стороне $AB=b$.</p><p>$S_{\triangle BEC} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot BC \cdot b = \frac{1}{2}ab$.</p><p>Отношение площади каждого из этих треугольников к площади прямоугольника составляет $\frac{\frac{1}{2}ab}{ab} = \frac{1}{2}$.</p><p>Ответ: Площадь каждого из треугольников $\triangle ALD$ и $\triangle BEC$ составляет $\frac{1}{2}$ площади прямоугольника $ABCD$.</p>"
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                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1154
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 6995
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Алматы"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_translit" => "almaty"
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 6995
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Алматы"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_translit" => "almaty"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1193
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1194
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1196
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_publication_number" => null
            "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1198
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1199
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
            "field_cover_description" => null
            "field_publication_year" => "2018"
            "field_publication_year_until" => null
            "field_part" => ""
            "field_part_writing" => ""
            "field_second_foreign_language" => null
            "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных школ"
            "field_allowed" => "Рекомендовано Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан"
            "field_reserve_field" => null
            "field_link_to_source" => null
            "field_tasks_count" => "538"
            "field_priority" => "6"
            "field_default_folder" => "/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/"
            "field_isbn" => "978-601-331-161-6"
            "field_cover" => array:1 [
              0 => "/media/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1753258124"
            ]
            "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
              0 => ""
            ]
            "field_covers" => array:1 [
              0 => array:4 [
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1753258124"
                "alt" => ""
                "width" => "1632"
                "height" => "2472"
              ]
            ]
            "field_popular_book" => null
            "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1202
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/geometrija/shynybekov-uchebnik"
            "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1203
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
              "class" => 379
              "subject" => 543
              "class_subject" => 390
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:50 [
            "id" => 2592
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
            "field_pages_status" => null
            "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144}
            "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142}
            "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148}
            "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145}
            "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158}
            "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1157}
            "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155}
            "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156}
            "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1193}
            "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1194}
            "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1196}
            "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197}
            "field_publication_number" => null
            "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1198}
            "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1199}
            "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
            "field_cover_description" => null
            "field_publication_year" => "2018"
            "field_publication_year_until" => null
            "field_part" => ""
            "field_part_writing" => ""
            "field_second_foreign_language" => null
            "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных школ"
            "field_allowed" => "Рекомендовано Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан"
            "field_reserve_field" => null
            "field_link_to_source" => null
            "field_tasks_count" => "538"
            "field_priority" => "6"
            "field_default_folder" => "/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/"
            "field_isbn" => "978-601-331-161-6"
            "field_cover" => array:1 [
              0 => "/media/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1753258124"
            ]
            "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
              0 => ""
            ]
            "field_covers" => array:1 [
              0 => array:4 [
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1753258124"
                "alt" => ""
                "width" => "1632"
                "height" => "2472"
              ]
            ]
            "field_popular_book" => null
            "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200}
            "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201}
            "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1202}
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/geometrija/shynybekov-uchebnik"
            "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1203}
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
              "class" => 379
              "subject" => 543
              "class_subject" => 390
            ]
          ]
          #changes: []
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          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1211
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1210
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "book_pages"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:21 [
            "id" => 1114277
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "75"
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/geometrija/shynybekov-uchebnik/page-75"
            "field_display_title" => "75"
            "field_folder" => "1"
            "field_image_name" => "75"
            "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_weight" => "0"
            "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1160}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1214
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1216
              #items: array:2 [
                0 => App\Models\Element {#1225
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "elements"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 1290412
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1226 …2}
                    "book_page" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "img" => array:1 [ …1]
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 1290412
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1226 …2}
                    "book_page" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "img" => array:1 [ …1]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                1 => App\Models\Element {#1227
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "elements"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 1290438
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1228 …2}
                    "book_page" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "img" => array:1 [ …1]
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 1290438
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1228 …2}
                    "book_page" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "img" => array:1 [ …1]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1114278"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1114276"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1393
              #items: array:5 [
                0 => App\Models\Task {#1405
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1122768
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "75"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/8-klass/geometrija/shynybekov-uchebnik/vopr-75"
                    "field_display_title" => "Вопросы"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1406 …2}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_match" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1407 …2}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1408 …2}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1409 …2}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1411 …2}
                    "next" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "previous" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1420 …2}
                    "page" => array:2 [ …2]
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1122768
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "75"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/8-klass/geometrija/shynybekov-uchebnik/vopr-75"
                    "field_display_title" => "Вопросы"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1406 …2}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_match" => null
                     …9
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                1 => App\Models\Task {#1412
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                2 => App\Models\Task {#1416
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                3 => App\Models\Task {#1431
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                4 => App\Models\Task {#1446
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:21 [
            "id" => 1114277
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "75"
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/geometrija/shynybekov-uchebnik/page-75"
            "field_display_title" => "75"
            "field_folder" => "1"
            "field_image_name" => "75"
            "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212}
            "field_weight" => "0"
            "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213}
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1214}
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1216}
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1114278"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1114276"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1393}
          ]
          #changes: []
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          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
  ]
  #original: array:24 [
    "id" => 1122772
    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
    "updated_at" => null
    "field_page_start" => "75"
    "field_page_end" => null
    "field_url" => "/8-klass/geometrija/shynybekov-uchebnik/3-2"
    "field_display_title" => "3.2"
    "field_outside_task" => null
    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037}
    "field_metatags_title" => null
    "field_metatags_description" => null
    "field_h1" => null
    "field_description_top" => null
    "field_description_bottom" => null
    "field_match" => null
    "breadcrumbs" => []
    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035}
    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072}
    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141}
    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152}
    "next" => array:2 [
      "refs" => "1122773"
      "type" => "task"
    ]
    "previous" => array:2 [
      "refs" => "1122771"
      "type" => "task"
    ]
    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1206}
    "page" => array:2 [
      "refs" => "1114277"
      "type" => "book_page"
    ]
  ]
  #changes: []
  #casts: []
  #classCastCache: []
  #attributeCastCache: []
  #dateFormat: null
  #appends: []
  #dispatchesEvents: []
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  #touches: []
  +timestamps: true
  +usesUniqueIds: false
  #hidden: []
  #visible: []
  #fillable: []
  #guarded: array:1 [
    0 => "*"
  ]
}
№3.2 (с. 75)
Учебник rus. №3.2 (с. 75)
скриншот условия
Геометрия, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Шыныбеков Абдухали Насырович, Шыныбеков Данияр Абдухалиевич, Жумабаев Ринат Нурланович, издательство Атамұра, Алматы, 2018, страница 75, номер 3.2, Учебник rus

3.2. Точки $N$, $E$, $L$ и $K$ – середины соответствующих сторон $AB$, $AD$, $BC$ и $CD$ прямоугольника $ABCD$ (рис. 3.7). Какую часть площади прямоугольника $ABCD$ составляют площади следующих фигур:

1) $\triangle ABD$;

2) $\triangle ABE$;

3) $ABKD$;

4) $ABLKD$;

5) $ABLKE$;

6) $LKEN$;

7) $ALD$ и $BEC$?

Учебник kz. №3.2 (с. 75)
Геометрия, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Шыныбеков Абдухали Насырович, Шыныбеков Данияр Абдухалиевич, Жумабаев Ринат Нурланович, издательство Атамұра, Алматы, 2018, страница 75, номер 3.2, Учебник kz
Решение. №3.2 (с. 75)
Геометрия, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Шыныбеков Абдухали Насырович, Шыныбеков Данияр Абдухалиевич, Жумабаев Ринат Нурланович, издательство Атамұра, Алматы, 2018, страница 75, номер 3.2, Решение
Решение 2 rus. №3.2 (с. 75)

Обозначим стороны прямоугольника $ABCD$ как $AD = a$ и $AB = b$. Тогда площадь прямоугольника равна $S_{ABCD} = a \cdot b$.

По условию задачи, точки $N, E, L, K$ являются серединами сторон $AB, AD, BC, CD$ соответственно. Следовательно:

  • $N$ — середина $AB$, поэтому $AN = NB = \frac{b}{2}$
  • $E$ — середина $AD$, поэтому $AE = ED = \frac{a}{2}$
  • $L$ — середина $BC$, поэтому $BL = LC = \frac{a}{2}$ (так как $BC=AD$)
  • $K$ — середина $CD$, поэтому $CK = KD = \frac{b}{2}$ (так как $CD=AB$)

1) ΔABD;

Треугольник $ABD$ является прямоугольным, так как его стороны $AB$ и $AD$ являются сторонами прямоугольника. Его площадь равна половине произведения катетов $AB$ и $AD$.

$S_{\triangle ABD} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot AD \cdot AB = \frac{1}{2} a b$.

Отношение площади треугольника $ABD$ к площади прямоугольника $ABCD$ составляет:

$\frac{S_{\triangle ABD}}{S_{ABCD}} = \frac{\frac{1}{2}ab}{ab} = \frac{1}{2}$.

Ответ: $\frac{1}{2}$.

2) ΔABE;

Треугольник $ABE$ является прямоугольным с прямым углом при вершине $A$. Его катеты — $AB$ и $AE$. Длина $AB = b$, а $AE = \frac{AD}{2} = \frac{a}{2}$.

Площадь треугольника $ABE$ равна:

$S_{\triangle ABE} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot AB \cdot AE = \frac{1}{2} \cdot b \cdot \frac{a}{2} = \frac{ab}{4}$.

Отношение его площади к площади прямоугольника:

$\frac{S_{\triangle ABE}}{S_{ABCD}} = \frac{\frac{1}{4}ab}{ab} = \frac{1}{4}$.

Ответ: $\frac{1}{4}$.

3) ΔBKD;

Для нахождения площади треугольника $BKD$ примем за основание сторону $KD$. Длина основания $KD = \frac{CD}{2} = \frac{b}{2}$. Высотой, проведенной из вершины $B$ к основанию $KD$ (и прямой $CD$), будет сторона $BC$, длина которой равна $a$.

Площадь треугольника $BKD$ равна:

$S_{\triangle BKD} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot KD \cdot BC = \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{b}{2} \cdot a = \frac{ab}{4}$.

Отношение его площади к площади прямоугольника:

$\frac{S_{\triangle BKD}}{S_{ABCD}} = \frac{\frac{1}{4}ab}{ab} = \frac{1}{4}$.

Ответ: $\frac{1}{4}$.

4) ABLKD;

Фигура $ABLKD$ — это пятиугольник. Его площадь можно найти, вычтя из площади всего прямоугольника $ABCD$ площадь треугольника $CLK$.

Треугольник $CLK$ является прямоугольным с прямым углом при вершине $C$. Его катеты — $CL$ и $CK$.

$CL = \frac{BC}{2} = \frac{a}{2}$ и $CK = \frac{CD}{2} = \frac{b}{2}$.

Площадь треугольника $CLK$ равна:

$S_{\triangle CLK} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot CL \cdot CK = \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{a}{2} \cdot \frac{b}{2} = \frac{ab}{8}$.

Площадь пятиугольника $ABLKD$ равна:

$S_{ABLKD} = S_{ABCD} - S_{\triangle CLK} = ab - \frac{ab}{8} = \frac{7}{8}ab$.

Отношение его площади к площади прямоугольника:

$\frac{S_{ABLKD}}{S_{ABCD}} = \frac{\frac{7}{8}ab}{ab} = \frac{7}{8}$.

Ответ: $\frac{7}{8}$.

5) ABLKE;

Фигура $ABLKE$ — это пятиугольник. Его площадь можно найти, вычтя из площади прямоугольника $ABCD$ площади двух треугольников: $\triangle CLK$ и $\triangle EKD$.

Площадь $\triangle CLK$ мы уже нашли, она равна $\frac{ab}{8}$.

Треугольник $EKD$ является прямоугольным с прямым углом при вершине $D$. Его катеты — $ED$ и $KD$.

$ED = \frac{AD}{2} = \frac{a}{2}$ и $KD = \frac{CD}{2} = \frac{b}{2}$.

Площадь треугольника $EKD$ равна:

$S_{\triangle EKD} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot ED \cdot KD = \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{a}{2} \cdot \frac{b}{2} = \frac{ab}{8}$.

Площадь пятиугольника $ABLKE$ равна:

$S_{ABLKE} = S_{ABCD} - S_{\triangle CLK} - S_{\triangle EKD} = ab - \frac{ab}{8} - \frac{ab}{8} = ab - \frac{2ab}{8} = ab - \frac{ab}{4} = \frac{3}{4}ab$.

Отношение его площади к площади прямоугольника:

$\frac{S_{ABLKE}}{S_{ABCD}} = \frac{\frac{3}{4}ab}{ab} = \frac{3}{4}$.

Ответ: $\frac{3}{4}$.

6) LKEN;

Четырехугольник $LKEN$ соединяет середины сторон прямоугольника. Его площадь можно найти, вычтя из площади прямоугольника $ABCD$ площади четырех угловых треугольников: $\triangle NAE$, $\triangle NBL$, $\triangle LCK$ и $\triangle KDE$.

Площади всех этих треугольников равны:

$S_{\triangle NAE} = S_{\triangle NBL} = S_{\triangle LCK} = S_{\triangle KDE} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{a}{2} \cdot \frac{b}{2} = \frac{ab}{8}$.

Сумма их площадей равна $4 \cdot \frac{ab}{8} = \frac{ab}{2}$.

Площадь четырехугольника $LKEN$ равна:

$S_{LKEN} = S_{ABCD} - 4 \cdot \frac{ab}{8} = ab - \frac{ab}{2} = \frac{1}{2}ab$.

Отношение его площади к площади прямоугольника:

$\frac{S_{LKEN}}{S_{ABCD}} = \frac{\frac{1}{2}ab}{ab} = \frac{1}{2}$.

Ответ: $\frac{1}{2}$.

7) ALD и BEC?

Найдем площади треугольников $ALD$ и $BEC$.

Для треугольника $ALD$ основание $AD = a$. Высота, проведенная из вершины $L$ к основанию $AD$, равна стороне $AB=b$.

$S_{\triangle ALD} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot AD \cdot b = \frac{1}{2}ab$.

Для треугольника $BEC$ основание $BC = a$. Высота, проведенная из вершины $E$ к основанию $BC$, равна стороне $AB=b$.

$S_{\triangle BEC} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot BC \cdot b = \frac{1}{2}ab$.

Отношение площади каждого из этих треугольников к площади прямоугольника составляет $\frac{\frac{1}{2}ab}{ab} = \frac{1}{2}$.

Ответ: Площадь каждого из треугольников $\triangle ALD$ и $\triangle BEC$ составляет $\frac{1}{2}$ площади прямоугольника $ABCD$.

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