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Номер 5, страница 61, часть 3 - гдз по физике 9 класс рабочая тетрадь Грачев, Погожев
Авторы: Грачев А. В., Погожев В. А., Боков П. Ю., Вишнякова Е. А.
Тип: рабочая тетрадь
Издательство: Просвещение
Год издания: 2021 - 2026
Часть: 3
Цвет обложки: синий
ISBN: 978-5-09-098826-1 (ч.1) 978-5-09-098880-3 (ч.2) 978-5-09-098881-0 (ч.3)
Популярные ГДЗ в 9 классе
Часть 3. Глава 9. Физика атома и атомного ядра. Параграф 52. Строение атома - номер 5, страница 61.
App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1435362 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "61" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-rabochaya-tetrad/52-5" "field_display_title" => "5" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1036 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1434847 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => null "field_branch_order" => "3" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1038 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 31 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Часть" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => "1" "field_short_name" => "ч." ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 31 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Часть" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => "1" "field_short_name" => "ч." ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "3" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1041 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 1203 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1044 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 …2} "field_publication_number" => "6" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2021" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "1, 2, 3" "field_part_writing" => "Часть" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "594" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/grachev-rt/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-098826-1 (ч.1) 978-5-09-098880-3 (ч.2) 978-5-09-098881-0 (ч.3)" "field_cover" => array:3 [ …3] "field_cover_alts" => array:3 [ …3] "field_covers" => array:3 [ …3] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-rabochaya-tetrad" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 1203 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1044 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 …2} "field_publication_number" => "6" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2021" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "1, 2, 3" "field_part_writing" => "Часть" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "594" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/grachev-rt/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-098826-1 (ч.1) 978-5-09-098880-3 (ч.2) 978-5-09-098881-0 (ч.3)" "field_cover" => array:3 [ …3] "field_cover_alts" => array:3 [ …3] "field_covers" => array:3 [ …3] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-rabochaya-tetrad" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1434847 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => null "field_branch_order" => "3" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039} "field_page_start" => "3" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113 #items: array:3 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1123 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1434847 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => null "field_branch_order" => "3" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1124 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 31 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Часть" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => "1" "field_short_name" => "ч." ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 31 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Часть" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => "1" "field_short_name" => "ч." ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "3" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1126 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 1203 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1125 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1130 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5458 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "9" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "devjatyj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5458 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "9" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "devjatyj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1132 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133 #items: array:4 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1134 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 4180 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Грачев" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Александр" "field_patronymic" => "Васильевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 4180 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Грачев" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Александр" "field_patronymic" => "Васильевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1135 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 5484 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Погожев" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Владимир" "field_patronymic" => "Александрович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 5484 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Погожев" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Владимир" "field_patronymic" => "Александрович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Term {#1136 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 3888 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Боков" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Павел" "field_patronymic" => "Юрьевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 3888 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Боков" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Павел" "field_patronymic" => "Юрьевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 3 => App\Models\Term {#1137 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 4007 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Вишнякова" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Екатерина" "field_patronymic" => "Анатольевна" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 4007 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Вишнякова" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Екатерина" "field_patronymic" => "Анатольевна" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1140 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6736 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "рабочая тетрадь" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_plural_form" => "рабочие тетради" "field_short_name" => "рт" "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "rabochaya tetrad" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6736 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "рабочая тетрадь" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_plural_form" => "рабочие тетради" "field_short_name" => "рт" "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "rabochaya tetrad" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1142 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1144 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1149 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6706 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (старый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_color" => null "field_end_year" => "2022" "field_start_year" => "2019" "field_translit" => "fgos-old" "field_type" => null ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6706 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (старый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_color" => null "field_end_year" => "2022" "field_start_year" => "2019" "field_translit" => "fgos-old" "field_type" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => "6" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1151 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 33 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "стереотипное" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 33 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "стереотипное" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2021" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "1, 2, 3" "field_part_writing" => "Часть" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "594" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/grachev-rt/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-098826-1 (ч.1) 978-5-09-098880-3 (ч.2) 978-5-09-098881-0 (ч.3)" "field_cover" => array:3 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-rt/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759003248" 1 => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-rt/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1759003248" 2 => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-rt/covers/cover3.webp?ts=1759003248" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:3 [ 0 => "" 1 => "" 2 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:3 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-rt/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759003248" "alt" => "" "width" => "2293" "height" => "2989" ] 1 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-rt/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1759003248" "alt" => "" "width" => "2265" "height" => "3003" ] 2 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-rt/covers/cover3.webp?ts=1759003248" "alt" => "" "width" => "2241" "height" => "2999" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-rabochaya-tetrad" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1157 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 49 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "синий" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "siniy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 49 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "синий" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "siniy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 380 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 493 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 1203 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148} "field_publication_number" => "6" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2021" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "1, 2, 3" "field_part_writing" => "Часть" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "594" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/grachev-rt/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-098826-1 (ч.1) 978-5-09-098880-3 (ч.2) 978-5-09-098881-0 (ч.3)" "field_cover" => array:3 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-rt/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759003248" 1 => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-rt/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1759003248" 2 => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-rt/covers/cover3.webp?ts=1759003248" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:3 [ 0 => "" 1 => "" 2 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:3 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-rt/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759003248" "alt" => "" "width" => "2293" "height" => "2989" ] 1 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-rt/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1759003248" "alt" => "" "width" => "2265" "height" => "3003" ] 2 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-rt/covers/cover3.webp?ts=1759003248" "alt" => "" "width" => "2241" "height" => "2999" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-rabochaya-tetrad" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 380 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 493 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1434847 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => null "field_branch_order" => "3" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127} "field_page_start" => "3" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1159 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1434866 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Физика атома и атомного ядра" "field_branch_order" => "9" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1164 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1161 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "60" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1163 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1126} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1162 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1434866 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Физика атома и атомного ядра" "field_branch_order" => "9" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1164} "field_page_start" => "60" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1163} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1162} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Branch {#1165 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1434867 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Строение атома" "field_branch_order" => "52" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1169 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1166 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "60" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1126} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1177 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1176 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1434866 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Физика атома и атомного ядра" "field_branch_order" => "9" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1178 …2} "field_page_start" => "60" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1179 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180 …2} ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1434866 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Физика атома и атомного ядра" "field_branch_order" => "9" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1178 …2} "field_page_start" => "60" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1179 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180 …2} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1434867 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Строение атома" "field_branch_order" => "52" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1169} "field_page_start" => "60" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1177} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1105 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 1698750 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1103 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6173 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6173 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1435362" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>5.</strong> Изобразите на рисунке схему опыта Резерфорда, на основании которого им была предложена планетарная модель атома. Подпишите основные узлы экспериментальной установки.</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "5-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1922" "height" => 301 "path" => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-rt/0-52/5-1.webp?ts=1759402899" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 1698750 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1435362" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>5.</strong> Изобразите на рисунке схему опыта Резерфорда, на основании которого им была предложена планетарная модель атома. Подпишите основные узлы экспериментальной установки.</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "5-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1922" "height" => 301 "path" => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-rt/0-52/5-1.webp?ts=1759402899" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1098 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1734736 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1096 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6327 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6327 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1435362" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p>Опыт Резерфорда по рассеянию альфа-частиц, проведённый в 1909-1911 годах его учениками Гансом Гейгером и Эрнестом Марсденом, является одним из ключевых экспериментов в истории физики. Его результаты привели к отказу от модели атома Томсона и созданию планетарной модели атома.</p><p>На рисунке ниже представлена схема экспериментальной установки:</p><svg viewBox="0 0 600 400" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:100%; height:auto;"> <style> .label { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px; } .arrow-head { fill: #d9534f; } </style> <defs> <marker id="arrow" viewBox="0 0 10 10" refX="5" refY="5" markerWidth="6" markerHeight="6" orient="auto-start-reverse"> <path d="M 0 0 L 10 5 L 0 10 z" class="arrow-head"></path> </marker> </defs> <rect x="20" y="175" width="60" height="50" fill="#aaa" stroke="#000" stroke-width="2"></rect> <rect x="80" y="195" width="20" height="10" fill="#aaa" stroke="#000" stroke-width="2"></rect> <text x="5" y="165" class="label">Источник $ \alpha $-частиц</text> <text x="5" y="240" class="label">(свинцовый контейнер)</text> <rect x="298" y="50" width="4" height="300" fill="#ffd700" stroke="#000" stroke-width="1"></rect> <text x="250" y="40" class="label">Золотая фольга</text> <path d="M 500 20 A 250 250 0 0 1 500 380" stroke="#888" stroke-width="10" fill="none"></path> <text x="515" y="200" class="label">Флуоресцентный экран</text> <g transform="translate(480 80) rotate(120)"> <rect x="-15" y="-10" width="30" height="20" fill="#ddd" stroke="#000" stroke-width="1"></rect> <rect x="15" y="-5" width="20" height="10" fill="#ddd" stroke="#000" stroke-width="1"></rect> </g> <text x="450" y="60" class="label">Микроскоп</text> <path d="M 100 200 L 550 200" stroke="#d9534f" stroke-width="1.5" marker-end="url(#arrow)"></path> <path d="M 100 180 L 550 180" stroke="#d9534f" stroke-width="1.5" marker-end="url(#arrow)"></path> <path d="M 100 220 L 550 220" stroke="#d9534f" stroke-width="1.5" marker-end="url(#arrow)"></path> <text x="120" y="195" class="label">Пучок $ \alpha $-частиц</text> <path d="M 100 210 L 300 210 L 495 240" stroke="#d9534f" stroke-width="1.5" marker-end="url(#arrow)"></path> <path d="M 100 205 L 300 205 L 480 90" stroke="#d9534f" stroke-width="1.5" marker-end="url(#arrow)"></path> <text x="380" y="130" class="label">Рассеянные</text> <text x="380" y="145" class="label">$ \alpha $-частицы</text> <path d="M 100 202 L 300 202 C 250 202 200 150 180 150" stroke="#d9534f" stroke-width="1.5" marker-end="url(#arrow)"></path></svg><p><strong>Основные узлы экспериментальной установки:</strong></p><p>1. <strong>Источник $ \alpha $-частиц:</strong> Радиоактивное вещество (например, радий), заключённое в толстостенный свинцовый контейнер с узким каналом (коллиматором) для получения направленного пучка частиц.</p><p>2. <strong>Золотая фольга:</strong> Тончайшая (около 0,4 мкм) золотая фольга, используемая в качестве мишени для бомбардировки $ \alpha $-частицами.</p><p>3. <strong>Флуоресцентный экран:</strong> Подвижный экран, покрытый слоем сульфида цинка (ZnS), который даёт вспышку света (сцинтилляцию) при попадании на него $ \alpha $-частицы.</p><p>4. <strong>Микроскоп:</strong> Прибор для наблюдения и подсчёта числа вспышек на экране под различными углами.</p><p>5. <strong>Вакуумная камера:</strong> Установка помещалась в герметичную камеру, из которой откачивался воздух, чтобы $ \alpha $-частицы не рассеивались на его молекулах.</p><p><strong>Результаты эксперимента и выводы:</strong></p><p>Подавляющее большинство $ \alpha $-частиц (около 99.99%) проходило через фольгу практически без отклонения. Это означало, что атом в основном состоит из пустого пространства.</p><p>Незначительная часть частиц отклонялась на значительные углы, а некоторые (примерно 1 из 8000) отбрасывались назад, в сторону источника. Такое сильное отклонение положительно заряженных $ \alpha $-частиц могло быть вызвано только их взаимодействием с очень массивным, компактным и положительно заряженным объектом внутри атома.</p><p>На основе этих данных Резерфорд предложил <strong>планетарную модель атома</strong>: в центре атома находится положительно заряженное ядро, в котором сконцентрирована почти вся его масса, а вокруг ядра по орбитам движутся электроны.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Схема опыта Резерфорда, приведшего к созданию планетарной модели атома, изображена на рисунке. Ключевые элементы установки: источник альфа-частиц в свинцовом контейнере, тонкая золотая фольга в качестве мишени и подвижный флуоресцентный экран с микроскопом для регистрации рассеянных частиц. Результаты, показавшие, что большинство частиц проходит насквозь, а малая часть рассеивается на большие углы, позволили сделать вывод о наличии в атоме малого, плотного и положительно заряженного ядра.</p>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1734736 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1435362" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p>Опыт Резерфорда по рассеянию альфа-частиц, проведённый в 1909-1911 годах его учениками Гансом Гейгером и Эрнестом Марсденом, является одним из ключевых экспериментов в истории физики. Его результаты привели к отказу от модели атома Томсона и созданию планетарной модели атома.</p><p>На рисунке ниже представлена схема экспериментальной установки:</p><svg viewBox="0 0 600 400" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:100%; height:auto;"> <style> .label { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px; } .arrow-head { fill: #d9534f; } </style> <defs> <marker id="arrow" viewBox="0 0 10 10" refX="5" refY="5" markerWidth="6" markerHeight="6" orient="auto-start-reverse"> <path d="M 0 0 L 10 5 L 0 10 z" class="arrow-head"></path> </marker> </defs> <rect x="20" y="175" width="60" height="50" fill="#aaa" stroke="#000" stroke-width="2"></rect> <rect x="80" y="195" width="20" height="10" fill="#aaa" stroke="#000" stroke-width="2"></rect> <text x="5" y="165" class="label">Источник $ \alpha $-частиц</text> <text x="5" y="240" class="label">(свинцовый контейнер)</text> <rect x="298" y="50" width="4" height="300" fill="#ffd700" stroke="#000" stroke-width="1"></rect> <text x="250" y="40" class="label">Золотая фольга</text> <path d="M 500 20 A 250 250 0 0 1 500 380" stroke="#888" stroke-width="10" fill="none"></path> <text x="515" y="200" class="label">Флуоресцентный экран</text> <g transform="translate(480 80) rotate(120)"> <rect x="-15" y="-10" width="30" height="20" fill="#ddd" stroke="#000" stroke-width="1"></rect> <rect x="15" y="-5" width="20" height="10" fill="#ddd" stroke="#000" stroke-width="1"></rect> </g> <text x="450" y="60" class="label">Микроскоп</text> <path d="M 100 200 L 550 200" stroke="#d9534f" stroke-width="1.5" marker-end="url(#arrow)"></path> <path d="M 100 180 L 550 180" stroke="#d9534f" stroke-width="1.5" marker-end="url(#arrow)"></path> <path d="M 100 220 L 550 220" stroke="#d9534f" stroke-width="1.5" marker-end="url(#arrow)"></path> <text x="120" y="195" class="label">Пучок $ \alpha $-частиц</text> <path d="M 100 210 L 300 210 L 495 240" stroke="#d9534f" stroke-width="1.5" marker-end="url(#arrow)"></path> <path d="M 100 205 L 300 205 L 480 90" stroke="#d9534f" stroke-width="1.5" marker-end="url(#arrow)"></path> <text x="380" y="130" class="label">Рассеянные</text> <text x="380" y="145" class="label">$ \alpha $-частицы</text> <path d="M 100 202 L 300 202 C 250 202 200 150 180 150" stroke="#d9534f" stroke-width="1.5" marker-end="url(#arrow)"></path></svg><p><strong>Основные узлы экспериментальной установки:</strong></p><p>1. <strong>Источник $ \alpha $-частиц:</strong> Радиоактивное вещество (например, радий), заключённое в толстостенный свинцовый контейнер с узким каналом (коллиматором) для получения направленного пучка частиц.</p><p>2. <strong>Золотая фольга:</strong> Тончайшая (около 0,4 мкм) золотая фольга, используемая в качестве мишени для бомбардировки $ \alpha $-частицами.</p><p>3. <strong>Флуоресцентный экран:</strong> Подвижный экран, покрытый слоем сульфида цинка (ZnS), который даёт вспышку света (сцинтилляцию) при попадании на него $ \alpha $-частицы.</p><p>4. <strong>Микроскоп:</strong> Прибор для наблюдения и подсчёта числа вспышек на экране под различными углами.</p><p>5. <strong>Вакуумная камера:</strong> Установка помещалась в герметичную камеру, из которой откачивался воздух, чтобы $ \alpha $-частицы не рассеивались на его молекулах.</p><p><strong>Результаты эксперимента и выводы:</strong></p><p>Подавляющее большинство $ \alpha $-частиц (около 99.99%) проходило через фольгу практически без отклонения. Это означало, что атом в основном состоит из пустого пространства.</p><p>Незначительная часть частиц отклонялась на значительные углы, а некоторые (примерно 1 из 8000) отбрасывались назад, в сторону источника. Такое сильное отклонение положительно заряженных $ \alpha $-частиц могло быть вызвано только их взаимодействием с очень массивным, компактным и положительно заряженным объектом внутри атома.</p><p>На основе этих данных Резерфорд предложил <strong>планетарную модель атома</strong>: в центре атома находится положительно заряженное ядро, в котором сконцентрирована почти вся его масса, а вокруг ядра по орбитам движутся электроны.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Схема опыта Резерфорда, приведшего к созданию планетарной модели атома, изображена на рисунке. Ключевые элементы установки: источник альфа-частиц в свинцовом контейнере, тонкая золотая фольга в качестве мишени и подвижный флуоресцентный экран с микроскопом для регистрации рассеянных частиц. Результаты, показавшие, что большинство частиц проходит насквозь, а малая часть рассеивается на большие углы, позволили сделать вывод о наличии в атоме малого, плотного и положительно заряженного ядра.</p>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1435363" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1435361" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1126} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1110 #connection: "mysql" #table: "book_pages" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1435696 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "61" "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-rabochaya-tetrad/page-3-61" "field_display_title" => "61" "field_folder" => "3" "field_image_name" => "61" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1123} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1126} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1075 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1699083 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1699083 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1435697" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1435695" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1275 #items: array:5 [ 0 => App\Models\Task {#1287 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1435361 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "60" "field_page_end" => "61" "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-rabochaya-tetrad/52-4" "field_display_title" => "4" "field_outside_task" => "0" "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1288 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null 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#perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1435362 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "61" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-rabochaya-tetrad/52-5" "field_display_title" => "5" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1292 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1301 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1297 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1295 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1298 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1296 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1435362 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "61" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-rabochaya-tetrad/52-5" "field_display_title" => "5" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1292 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1301 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1297 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1295 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1298 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1296 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Task {#1306 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1435363 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "61" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-rabochaya-tetrad/52-6" "field_display_title" => "6" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1307 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1308 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1309 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1310 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1312 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1318 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1435363 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "61" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-rabochaya-tetrad/52-6" "field_display_title" => "6" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1307 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null 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#escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1435364 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "61" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-rabochaya-tetrad/52-7" "field_display_title" => "7" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1311 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1320 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1316 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1314 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1315 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1330 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1435364 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "61" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-rabochaya-tetrad/52-7" "field_display_title" => "7" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1311 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1320 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1316 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1314 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1315 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1330 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 4 => App\Models\Task {#1325 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1435365 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "61" "field_page_end" => "62" "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-rabochaya-tetrad/53-1" "field_display_title" => "1" "field_outside_task" => "0" "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1317 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] …8 ] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 1435696 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "61" "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-rabochaya-tetrad/page-3-61" "field_display_title" => "61" "field_folder" => "3" "field_image_name" => "61" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086} "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1435697" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1435695" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1275} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1435362 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "61" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-rabochaya-tetrad/52-5" "field_display_title" => "5" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1435363" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1435361" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1435696" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] }
№5 (с. 61)
Условие. №5 (с. 61)
скриншот условия
5. Изобразите на рисунке схему опыта Резерфорда, на основании которого им была предложена планетарная модель атома. Подпишите основные узлы экспериментальной установки.
Решение. №5 (с. 61)
Опыт Резерфорда по рассеянию альфа-частиц, проведённый в 1909-1911 годах его учениками Гансом Гейгером и Эрнестом Марсденом, является одним из ключевых экспериментов в истории физики. Его результаты привели к отказу от модели атома Томсона и созданию планетарной модели атома.
На рисунке ниже представлена схема экспериментальной установки:
Основные узлы экспериментальной установки:
1. Источник $ \alpha $-частиц: Радиоактивное вещество (например, радий), заключённое в толстостенный свинцовый контейнер с узким каналом (коллиматором) для получения направленного пучка частиц.
2. Золотая фольга: Тончайшая (около 0,4 мкм) золотая фольга, используемая в качестве мишени для бомбардировки $ \alpha $-частицами.
3. Флуоресцентный экран: Подвижный экран, покрытый слоем сульфида цинка (ZnS), который даёт вспышку света (сцинтилляцию) при попадании на него $ \alpha $-частицы.
4. Микроскоп: Прибор для наблюдения и подсчёта числа вспышек на экране под различными углами.
5. Вакуумная камера: Установка помещалась в герметичную камеру, из которой откачивался воздух, чтобы $ \alpha $-частицы не рассеивались на его молекулах.
Результаты эксперимента и выводы:
Подавляющее большинство $ \alpha $-частиц (около 99.99%) проходило через фольгу практически без отклонения. Это означало, что атом в основном состоит из пустого пространства.
Незначительная часть частиц отклонялась на значительные углы, а некоторые (примерно 1 из 8000) отбрасывались назад, в сторону источника. Такое сильное отклонение положительно заряженных $ \alpha $-частиц могло быть вызвано только их взаимодействием с очень массивным, компактным и положительно заряженным объектом внутри атома.
На основе этих данных Резерфорд предложил планетарную модель атома: в центре атома находится положительно заряженное ядро, в котором сконцентрирована почти вся его масса, а вокруг ядра по орбитам движутся электроны.
Ответ: Схема опыта Резерфорда, приведшего к созданию планетарной модели атома, изображена на рисунке. Ключевые элементы установки: источник альфа-частиц в свинцовом контейнере, тонкая золотая фольга в качестве мишени и подвижный флуоресцентный экран с микроскопом для регистрации рассеянных частиц. Результаты, показавшие, что большинство частиц проходит насквозь, а малая часть рассеивается на большие углы, позволили сделать вывод о наличии в атоме малого, плотного и положительно заряженного ядра.
Другие задания:
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