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Номер 3, страница 132 - гдз по физике 9 класс учебник Изергин
Авторы: Изергин Э. Т.
Тип: Учебник
Серия: инновационная школа
Издательство: Русское слово
Год издания: 2019 - 2026
Цвет обложки: синий
ISBN: 978-5-533-01069-6
Популярные ГДЗ в 9 классе
Глава IV. Электромагнитные колебания и волны. Параграф 27. Радиопередача - номер 3, страница 132.
App\Models\Task {#1024 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1439836 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "132" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/27-3" "field_display_title" => "3" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#331 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1029 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1026 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#342 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1023 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1439571 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Электромагнитные колебания и волны" "field_branch_order" => "IV" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#333 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1033 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "Главу" "field_creative_case" => "Главой" "field_dative_case" => "Главе" "field_genitive_case" => "Главы" "field_nominative_case" => "Глава" "field_prepositional_case" => "Главе" ] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "Главу" "field_creative_case" => "Главой" "field_dative_case" => "Главе" "field_genitive_case" => "Главы" "field_nominative_case" => "Глава" "field_prepositional_case" => "Главе" ] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "115" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1030 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1032 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1036 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1045 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "388" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_09/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759162386" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ …4] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 380 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 493 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1036} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1045} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "388" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_09/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759162386" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ …4] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 380 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 493 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1439571 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Электромагнитные колебания и волны" "field_branch_order" => "IV" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#333} "field_page_start" => "115" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1030} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1064 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1439571 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Электромагнитные колебания и волны" "field_branch_order" => "IV" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1066 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "Главу" …5 ] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "115" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1068 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "388" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "388" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1439571 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Электромагнитные колебания и волны" "field_branch_order" => "IV" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065} "field_page_start" => "115" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1098 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1439576 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Радиопередача" "field_branch_order" => "27" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1100 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "130" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1102 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1116 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "388" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1116 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "388" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1132 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1439571 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Электромагнитные колебания и волны" "field_branch_order" => "IV" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133 …2} "field_page_start" => "115" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1165 …2} ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1439571 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Электромагнитные колебания и волны" "field_branch_order" => "IV" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133 …2} "field_page_start" => "115" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1165 …2} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1439576 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Радиопередача" "field_branch_order" => "27" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099} "field_page_start" => "130" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1166 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1167 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 1707371 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1169 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6139 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1170 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1172 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1173 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6139 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1170 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1172 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1173 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439836" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>3.</strong> Почему свободные колебания в открытом контуре затухают быстрее, чем в закрытом?</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "3-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1414" "height" => 195 "path" => "/media/fizika_09/izergin-u/0-27/3-1.webp?ts=1759529252" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 1707371 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439836" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>3.</strong> Почему свободные колебания в открытом контуре затухают быстрее, чем в закрытом?</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "3-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1414" "height" => 195 "path" => "/media/fizika_09/izergin-u/0-27/3-1.webp?ts=1759529252" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1175 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1813389 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1177 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6646 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1178 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1181 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1182 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6646 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1178 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1181 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1182 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439836" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Решение</strong></p><p>Затухание свободных колебаний в любом колебательном контуре происходит из-за потерь энергии. Существует два основных механизма, приводящих к этим потерям:</p><p><strong>1.</strong> Потери на активном (омическом) сопротивлении. Провода, из которых сделан контур, всегда обладают некоторым сопротивлением $\text{R}$. При протекании тока $\text{I}$ часть энергии колебаний необратимо переходит в тепловую энергию в соответствии с законом Джоуля-Ленца. Мощность этих тепловых потерь составляет $P_R = I^2 R$. Этот механизм потерь присутствует как в закрытом, так и в открытом контуре.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Потери на излучение электромагнитных волн. Любой контур, в котором происходят электромагнитные колебания (т.е. изменяются со временем электрическое и магнитное поля), излучает в окружающее пространство электромагнитные волны, которые уносят с собой энергию.</p><p>Ключевое различие между закрытым и открытым контурами заключается в интенсивности этого излучения.</p><p>В <strong>закрытом колебательном контуре</strong> электрическое поле сосредоточено в малом объеме между обкладками конденсатора, а магнитное поле — внутри катушки индуктивности. Такая конструкция специально создана для того, чтобы "запереть" электромагнитное поле внутри контура и свести к минимуму его взаимодействие с окружающим пространством. Поэтому закрытый контур излучает электромагнитные волны очень слабо. Основной причиной затухания колебаний в нем являются тепловые потери на сопротивлении.</p><p><strong>Открытый колебательный контур</strong> (простейшим примером которого является дипольная антенна или вибратор Герца) устроен иначе. Его "обкладки конденсатора" разнесены далеко друг от друга, а "катушка" представляет собой прямой проводник. Такая геометрия приводит к тому, что переменные электрическое и магнитное поля занимают большой объем в окружающем пространстве и не являются локализованными. В результате открытый контур является эффективным излучателем (антенной) и интенсивно теряет энергию за счет испускания электромагнитных волн.</p><p>Поскольку в открытом контуре к неизбежным тепловым потерям добавляются очень значительные потери энергии на излучение, общая энергия колебаний в нем иссякает гораздо быстрее, чем в закрытом контуре, где потери на излучение пренебрежимо малы.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Свободные колебания в открытом контуре затухают быстрее, чем в закрытом, потому что открытый контур, в отличие от закрытого, интенсивно излучает энергию в виде электромагнитных волн в окружающее пространство. Эти потери энергии на излучение значительно превосходят тепловые потери на активном сопротивлении, которые являются основной причиной затухания в закрытом контуре.</p>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1813389 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439836" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Решение</strong></p><p>Затухание свободных колебаний в любом колебательном контуре происходит из-за потерь энергии. Существует два основных механизма, приводящих к этим потерям:</p><p><strong>1.</strong> Потери на активном (омическом) сопротивлении. Провода, из которых сделан контур, всегда обладают некоторым сопротивлением $\text{R}$. При протекании тока $\text{I}$ часть энергии колебаний необратимо переходит в тепловую энергию в соответствии с законом Джоуля-Ленца. Мощность этих тепловых потерь составляет $P_R = I^2 R$. Этот механизм потерь присутствует как в закрытом, так и в открытом контуре.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Потери на излучение электромагнитных волн. Любой контур, в котором происходят электромагнитные колебания (т.е. изменяются со временем электрическое и магнитное поля), излучает в окружающее пространство электромагнитные волны, которые уносят с собой энергию.</p><p>Ключевое различие между закрытым и открытым контурами заключается в интенсивности этого излучения.</p><p>В <strong>закрытом колебательном контуре</strong> электрическое поле сосредоточено в малом объеме между обкладками конденсатора, а магнитное поле — внутри катушки индуктивности. Такая конструкция специально создана для того, чтобы "запереть" электромагнитное поле внутри контура и свести к минимуму его взаимодействие с окружающим пространством. Поэтому закрытый контур излучает электромагнитные волны очень слабо. Основной причиной затухания колебаний в нем являются тепловые потери на сопротивлении.</p><p><strong>Открытый колебательный контур</strong> (простейшим примером которого является дипольная антенна или вибратор Герца) устроен иначе. Его "обкладки конденсатора" разнесены далеко друг от друга, а "катушка" представляет собой прямой проводник. Такая геометрия приводит к тому, что переменные электрическое и магнитное поля занимают большой объем в окружающем пространстве и не являются локализованными. В результате открытый контур является эффективным излучателем (антенной) и интенсивно теряет энергию за счет испускания электромагнитных волн.</p><p>Поскольку в открытом контуре к неизбежным тепловым потерям добавляются очень значительные потери энергии на излучение, общая энергия колебаний в нем иссякает гораздо быстрее, чем в закрытом контуре, где потери на излучение пренебрежимо малы.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Свободные колебания в открытом контуре затухают быстрее, чем в закрытом, потому что открытый контур, в отличие от закрытого, интенсивно излучает энергию в виде электромагнитных волн в окружающее пространство. Эти потери энергии на излучение значительно превосходят тепловые потери на активном сопротивлении, которые являются основной причиной затухания в закрытом контуре.</p>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439837" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439835" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1183 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1184 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1186 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1188 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5458 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "9" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "devjatyj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5458 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "9" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "devjatyj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1190 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5176 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Русское слово" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "russkoe slovo" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5176 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Русское слово" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "russkoe slovo" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1191 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1192 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 4491 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Изергин" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Эдуард" "field_patronymic" => "Тимофеевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 4491 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Изергин" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Эдуард" "field_patronymic" => "Тимофеевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1193 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => 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#dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1196 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1197 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1198 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1199 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: 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"/media/fizika_09/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759162386" "alt" => "" "width" => "1881" "height" => "2502" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1208 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1209 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1211 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1212 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 49 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "синий" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "siniy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 49 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "синий" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "siniy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 380 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 493 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1191} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1193} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1194} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1196} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1198} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1202} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1203} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1204} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1206} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1207} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "388" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_09/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759162386" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_09/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759162386" "alt" => "" "width" => "1881" "height" => "2502" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1208} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1209} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1211} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 380 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 493 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1347 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1217 #connection: "mysql" #table: "book_pages" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1439450 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "132" "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/page-132" "field_display_title" => "132" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "132" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1220 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1219 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1221 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1222 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1224 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1226 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1228 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1230 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1233 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1235 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1237 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1239 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1240 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1241 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1243 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1244 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "388" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1245 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1246 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1247 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1248 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1222 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1224 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1226 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1228 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1230 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1233 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1235 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1237 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1239 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1240 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1241 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1243 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1244 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "388" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1245 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1246 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1247 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1248 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1250 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1251 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1252 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1707688 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1253 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1707688 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1253 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439451" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439449" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1260 #items: array:3 [ 0 => App\Models\Task {#1261 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1439834 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "132" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/27-1" "field_display_title" => "1" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1262 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1264 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1265 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1300 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1311 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1322 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1439834 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "132" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/27-1" "field_display_title" => "1" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1262 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1264 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1265 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1300 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1311 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1322 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Task {#1323 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1439835 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "132" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/27-2" "field_display_title" => "2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1324 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1325 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1326 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1327 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1328 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1333 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1439835 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "132" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/27-2" "field_display_title" => "2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1324 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1325 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1326 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1327 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1328 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1333 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Task {#1334 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1439836 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "132" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/27-3" "field_display_title" => "3" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1335 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1336 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1337 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1338 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1339 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1344 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1439836 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "132" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/27-3" "field_display_title" => "3" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1335 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1336 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1337 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1338 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1339 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1344 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 1439450 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "132" "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/page-132" "field_display_title" => "132" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "132" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1220} "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1219} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1250} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1251} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439451" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439449" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1260} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1439836 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "132" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/27-3" "field_display_title" => "3" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#331} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1026} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#342} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1166} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439837" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439835" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1183} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439450" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] }
№3 (с. 132)
Условие. №3 (с. 132)
скриншот условия
3. Почему свободные колебания в открытом контуре затухают быстрее, чем в закрытом?
Решение. №3 (с. 132)
Решение
Затухание свободных колебаний в любом колебательном контуре происходит из-за потерь энергии. Существует два основных механизма, приводящих к этим потерям:
1. Потери на активном (омическом) сопротивлении. Провода, из которых сделан контур, всегда обладают некоторым сопротивлением $\text{R}$. При протекании тока $\text{I}$ часть энергии колебаний необратимо переходит в тепловую энергию в соответствии с законом Джоуля-Ленца. Мощность этих тепловых потерь составляет $P_R = I^2 R$. Этот механизм потерь присутствует как в закрытом, так и в открытом контуре.
2. Потери на излучение электромагнитных волн. Любой контур, в котором происходят электромагнитные колебания (т.е. изменяются со временем электрическое и магнитное поля), излучает в окружающее пространство электромагнитные волны, которые уносят с собой энергию.
Ключевое различие между закрытым и открытым контурами заключается в интенсивности этого излучения.
В закрытом колебательном контуре электрическое поле сосредоточено в малом объеме между обкладками конденсатора, а магнитное поле — внутри катушки индуктивности. Такая конструкция специально создана для того, чтобы "запереть" электромагнитное поле внутри контура и свести к минимуму его взаимодействие с окружающим пространством. Поэтому закрытый контур излучает электромагнитные волны очень слабо. Основной причиной затухания колебаний в нем являются тепловые потери на сопротивлении.
Открытый колебательный контур (простейшим примером которого является дипольная антенна или вибратор Герца) устроен иначе. Его "обкладки конденсатора" разнесены далеко друг от друга, а "катушка" представляет собой прямой проводник. Такая геометрия приводит к тому, что переменные электрическое и магнитное поля занимают большой объем в окружающем пространстве и не являются локализованными. В результате открытый контур является эффективным излучателем (антенной) и интенсивно теряет энергию за счет испускания электромагнитных волн.
Поскольку в открытом контуре к неизбежным тепловым потерям добавляются очень значительные потери энергии на излучение, общая энергия колебаний в нем иссякает гораздо быстрее, чем в закрытом контуре, где потери на излучение пренебрежимо малы.
Ответ: Свободные колебания в открытом контуре затухают быстрее, чем в закрытом, потому что открытый контур, в отличие от закрытого, интенсивно излучает энергию в виде электромагнитных волн в окружающее пространство. Эти потери энергии на излучение значительно превосходят тепловые потери на активном сопротивлении, которые являются основной причиной затухания в закрытом контуре.
Другие задания:
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