Номер 9, страница 86 - гдз по физике 9 класс учебник Шахмаев, Бунчук

Физика, 9 класс Учебник, авторы: Шахмаев Николай Михайлович, Бунчук Алексей Васильевич, издательство Мнемозина, Москва, 2007, голубого цвета

Авторы: Шахмаев Н. М., Бунчук А. В.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Мнемозина

Год издания: 2007 - 2026

Цвет обложки: голубой

ISBN: 978-5-346-01799-8

Глава 6. Силы в механике. Параграф 20. Сила тяжести - номер 9, страница 86.

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            "text" => "<p><strong>9.</strong> Вычислите ускорение свободного падения тел вблизи поверхности Марса. Масса Марса равна $6,4 \cdot 10^{23}$ кг, его радиус 3300 км.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>Масса Марса, $M = 6,4 \cdot 10^{23}$ кг</p><p>Радиус Марса, $R = 3300$ км</p><p>Гравитационная постоянная, $G \approx 6,67 \cdot 10^{-11} \frac{\text{Н} \cdot \text{м}^2}{\text{кг}^2}$</p><p><em>Перевод в систему СИ:</em></p><p>$R = 3300 \text{ км} = 3300 \cdot 10^3 \text{ м} = 3,3 \cdot 10^6 \text{ м}$</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>Ускорение свободного падения вблизи поверхности Марса, $\text{g}$ - ?</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p>Ускорение свободного падения $\text{g}$ на поверхности планеты можно найти, используя закон всемирного тяготения и второй закон Ньютона.</p><p>Сила гравитационного притяжения, действующая на тело массой $\text{m}$ вблизи поверхности Марса, определяется по формуле:</p><p>$F = G \frac{M \cdot m}{R^2}$</p><p>где $\text{M}$ – масса Марса, $\text{R}$ – радиус Марса, $\text{G}$ – гравитационная постоянная.</p><p>Согласно второму закону Ньютона, эта же сила сообщает телу ускорение свободного падения $\text{g}$:</p><p>$F = m \cdot g$</p><p>Приравнивая правые части этих двух выражений, получаем:</p><p>$m \cdot g = G \frac{M \cdot m}{R^2}$</p><p>Сократив массу тела $\text{m}$, получим формулу для вычисления ускорения свободного падения:</p><p>$g = G \frac{M}{R^2}$</p><p>Подставим числовые значения в систему СИ и произведем вычисления:</p><p>$g = 6,67 \cdot 10^{-11} \frac{\text{Н} \cdot \text{м}^2}{\text{кг}^2} \cdot \frac{6,4 \cdot 10^{23} \text{ кг}}{(3,3 \cdot 10^6 \text{ м})^2} = \frac{6,67 \cdot 6,4 \cdot 10^{-11} \cdot 10^{23}}{3,3^2 \cdot (10^6)^2} \frac{\text{м}}{\text{с}^2}$</p><p>$g = \frac{42,688 \cdot 10^{12}}{10,89 \cdot 10^{12}} \frac{\text{м}}{\text{с}^2} \approx 3,92 \frac{\text{м}}{\text{с}^2}$</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> ускорение свободного падения вблизи поверхности Марса составляет приблизительно $3,92 \text{ м/с}^2$.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>Масса Марса, $M = 6,4 \cdot 10^{23}$ кг</p><p>Радиус Марса, $R = 3300$ км</p><p>Гравитационная постоянная, $G \approx 6,67 \cdot 10^{-11} \frac{\text{Н} \cdot \text{м}^2}{\text{кг}^2}$</p><p><em>Перевод в систему СИ:</em></p><p>$R = 3300 \text{ км} = 3300 \cdot 10^3 \text{ м} = 3,3 \cdot 10^6 \text{ м}$</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>Ускорение свободного падения вблизи поверхности Марса, $\text{g}$ - ?</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p>Ускорение свободного падения $\text{g}$ на поверхности планеты можно найти, используя закон всемирного тяготения и второй закон Ньютона.</p><p>Сила гравитационного притяжения, действующая на тело массой $\text{m}$ вблизи поверхности Марса, определяется по формуле:</p><p>$F = G \frac{M \cdot m}{R^2}$</p><p>где $\text{M}$ – масса Марса, $\text{R}$ – радиус Марса, $\text{G}$ – гравитационная постоянная.</p><p>Согласно второму закону Ньютона, эта же сила сообщает телу ускорение свободного падения $\text{g}$:</p><p>$F = m \cdot g$</p><p>Приравнивая правые части этих двух выражений, получаем:</p><p>$m \cdot g = G \frac{M \cdot m}{R^2}$</p><p>Сократив массу тела $\text{m}$, получим формулу для вычисления ускорения свободного падения:</p><p>$g = G \frac{M}{R^2}$</p><p>Подставим числовые значения в систему СИ и произведем вычисления:</p><p>$g = 6,67 \cdot 10^{-11} \frac{\text{Н} \cdot \text{м}^2}{\text{кг}^2} \cdot \frac{6,4 \cdot 10^{23} \text{ кг}}{(3,3 \cdot 10^6 \text{ м})^2} = \frac{6,67 \cdot 6,4 \cdot 10^{-11} \cdot 10^{23}}{3,3^2 \cdot (10^6)^2} \frac{\text{м}}{\text{с}^2}$</p><p>$g = \frac{42,688 \cdot 10^{12}}{10,89 \cdot 10^{12}} \frac{\text{м}}{\text{с}^2} \approx 3,92 \frac{\text{м}}{\text{с}^2}$</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> ускорение свободного падения вблизи поверхности Марса составляет приблизительно $3,92 \text{ м/с}^2$.</p>"
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                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_short_name" => null
                    "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject"
                    "field_translit" => "fizika"
                  ]
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                    "id" => 6493
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Физика"
                    "field_abbreviated_name" => null
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_short_name" => null
                    "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject"
                    "field_translit" => "fizika"
                  ]
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                  #dateFormat: null
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                  #touches: []
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                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1125
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 5458
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "9"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_translit" => "devjatyj"
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 5458
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "9"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_translit" => "devjatyj"
                  ]
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                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
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                  #touches: []
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                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1127
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 5155
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Мнемозина"
                    "field_cases" => null
                    "field_translit" => "mnemozina"
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 5155
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Мнемозина"
                    "field_cases" => null
                    "field_translit" => "mnemozina"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
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                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
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                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128
              #items: array:2 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1129
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:12 [
                    "id" => 6294
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Шахмаев"
                    "field_bio" => null
                    "field_degree_rp" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Николай"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Михайлович"
                    "field_surname_rp" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:12 [
                    "id" => 6294
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Шахмаев"
                    "field_bio" => null
                    "field_degree_rp" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Николай"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Михайлович"
                    "field_surname_rp" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                1 => App\Models\Term {#1130
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:12 [
                    "id" => 3942
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Бунчук"
                    "field_bio" => null
                    "field_degree_rp" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Алексей"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Васильевич"
                    "field_surname_rp" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:12 [
                    "id" => 3942
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Бунчук"
                    "field_bio" => null
                    "field_degree_rp" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Алексей"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Васильевич"
                    "field_surname_rp" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
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                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
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                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
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                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1133
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:10 [
                    "id" => 6671
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Учебник"
                    "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_plural_form" => null
                    "field_short_name" => null
                    "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                    "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                  ]
                  #original: array:10 [
                    "id" => 6671
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Учебник"
                    "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_plural_form" => null
                    "field_short_name" => null
                    "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                    "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                  ]
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
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                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1135
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 9
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Россия"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_translit" => "rossiya"
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 9
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Россия"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_translit" => "rossiya"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1137
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 15
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Москва"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_translit" => "moskva"
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 15
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Москва"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_translit" => "moskva"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
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                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_publication_number" => "4"
            "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1143
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 33
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "стереотипное"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe"
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 33
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "стереотипное"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
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                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
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                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
            "field_cover_description" => null
            "field_publication_year" => "2007"
            "field_publication_year_until" => null
            "field_part" => ""
            "field_part_writing" => ""
            "field_second_foreign_language" => null
            "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание"
            "field_allowed" => null
            "field_reserve_field" => null
            "field_link_to_source" => null
            "field_tasks_count" => "362"
            "field_priority" => null
            "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/shahmaev-u/"
            "field_isbn" => "978-5-346-01799-8"
            "field_cover" => array:1 [
              0 => "/media/fizika_09/shahmaev-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759080267"
            ]
            "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
              0 => ""
            ]
            "field_covers" => array:1 [
              0 => array:4 [
                "path" => "/media/fizika_09/shahmaev-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759080267"
                "alt" => ""
                "width" => "2294"
                "height" => "3039"
              ]
            ]
            "field_popular_book" => "0"
            "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik"
            "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1149
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 52
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "голубой"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_translit" => "goluboy"
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 52
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "голубой"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_translit" => "goluboy"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
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                  #touches: []
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                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
              "class" => 380
              "subject" => 556
              "class_subject" => 493
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:50 [
            "id" => 2906
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
            "field_pages_status" => null
            "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122}
            "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124}
            "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126}
            "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128}
            "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131}
            "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132}
            "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134}
            "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136}
            "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138}
            "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139}
            "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140}
            "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141}
            "field_publication_number" => "4"
            "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142}
            "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144}
            "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
            "field_cover_description" => null
            "field_publication_year" => "2007"
            "field_publication_year_until" => null
            "field_part" => ""
            "field_part_writing" => ""
            "field_second_foreign_language" => null
            "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание"
            "field_allowed" => null
            "field_reserve_field" => null
            "field_link_to_source" => null
            "field_tasks_count" => "362"
            "field_priority" => null
            "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/shahmaev-u/"
            "field_isbn" => "978-5-346-01799-8"
            "field_cover" => array:1 [
              0 => "/media/fizika_09/shahmaev-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759080267"
            ]
            "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
              0 => ""
            ]
            "field_covers" => array:1 [
              0 => array:4 [
                "path" => "/media/fizika_09/shahmaev-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759080267"
                "alt" => ""
                "width" => "2294"
                "height" => "3039"
              ]
            ]
            "field_popular_book" => "0"
            "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145}
            "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146}
            "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147}
            "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik"
            "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148}
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
              "class" => 380
              "subject" => 556
              "class_subject" => 493
            ]
          ]
          #changes: []
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          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1462
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1154
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "book_pages"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:21 [
            "id" => 1436645
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "86"
            "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik/page-86"
            "field_display_title" => "86"
            "field_folder" => "1"
            "field_image_name" => "86"
            "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1157
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_weight" => "0"
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                0 => App\Models\Book {#1158
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                }
                1 => App\Models\Task {#1329
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                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1330 …2}
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                2 => App\Models\Task {#1352
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                3 => App\Models\Task {#1375
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                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1376 …2}
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                }
                4 => App\Models\Task {#1398
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
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                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1399 …2}
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№9 (с. 86)
Условие. №9 (с. 86)
скриншот условия
Физика, 9 класс Учебник, авторы: Шахмаев Николай Михайлович, Бунчук Алексей Васильевич, издательство Мнемозина, Москва, 2007, голубого цвета, страница 86, номер 9, Условие

9. Вычислите ускорение свободного падения тел вблизи поверхности Марса. Масса Марса равна $6,4 \cdot 10^{23}$ кг, его радиус 3300 км.

Решение. №9 (с. 86)

Дано:

Масса Марса, $M = 6,4 \cdot 10^{23}$ кг

Радиус Марса, $R = 3300$ км

Гравитационная постоянная, $G \approx 6,67 \cdot 10^{-11} \frac{\text{Н} \cdot \text{м}^2}{\text{кг}^2}$

Перевод в систему СИ:

$R = 3300 \text{ км} = 3300 \cdot 10^3 \text{ м} = 3,3 \cdot 10^6 \text{ м}$

Найти:

Ускорение свободного падения вблизи поверхности Марса, $\text{g}$ - ?

Решение:

Ускорение свободного падения $\text{g}$ на поверхности планеты можно найти, используя закон всемирного тяготения и второй закон Ньютона.

Сила гравитационного притяжения, действующая на тело массой $\text{m}$ вблизи поверхности Марса, определяется по формуле:

$F = G \frac{M \cdot m}{R^2}$

где $\text{M}$ – масса Марса, $\text{R}$ – радиус Марса, $\text{G}$ – гравитационная постоянная.

Согласно второму закону Ньютона, эта же сила сообщает телу ускорение свободного падения $\text{g}$:

$F = m \cdot g$

Приравнивая правые части этих двух выражений, получаем:

$m \cdot g = G \frac{M \cdot m}{R^2}$

Сократив массу тела $\text{m}$, получим формулу для вычисления ускорения свободного падения:

$g = G \frac{M}{R^2}$

Подставим числовые значения в систему СИ и произведем вычисления:

$g = 6,67 \cdot 10^{-11} \frac{\text{Н} \cdot \text{м}^2}{\text{кг}^2} \cdot \frac{6,4 \cdot 10^{23} \text{ кг}}{(3,3 \cdot 10^6 \text{ м})^2} = \frac{6,67 \cdot 6,4 \cdot 10^{-11} \cdot 10^{23}}{3,3^2 \cdot (10^6)^2} \frac{\text{м}}{\text{с}^2}$

$g = \frac{42,688 \cdot 10^{12}}{10,89 \cdot 10^{12}} \frac{\text{м}}{\text{с}^2} \approx 3,92 \frac{\text{м}}{\text{с}^2}$

Ответ: ускорение свободного падения вблизи поверхности Марса составляет приблизительно $3,92 \text{ м/с}^2$.

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