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Номер 15, страница 217 - гдз по физике 9 класс учебник Шахмаев, Бунчук
Авторы: Шахмаев Н. М., Бунчук А. В.
Тип: Учебник
Издательство: Мнемозина
Год издания: 2007 - 2026
Цвет обложки: голубой
ISBN: 978-5-346-01799-8
Популярные ГДЗ в 9 классе
Приложения. Приложение 1. Физика как наука - номер 15, страница 217.
App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1437193 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "217" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik/prilozh1-15" "field_display_title" => "15" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1036 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1436849 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Приложения" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "211" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1056 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 2906 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1058 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "физику" "field_creative_case" => "физикой" "field_dative_case" => "физике" "field_genitive_case" => "физики" "field_nominative_case" => "физика" "field_prepositional_case" => "физике" ] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "физику" "field_creative_case" => "физикой" "field_dative_case" => "физике" "field_genitive_case" => "физики" "field_nominative_case" => "физика" "field_prepositional_case" => "физике" ] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1060 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5458 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "9" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "девятый" "field_creative_case" => "девятым" "field_dative_case" => "девятому" "field_genitive_case" => "девятого" "field_nominative_case" => "девятый" "field_prepositional_case" => "девятом" ] "field_translit" => "devjatyj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5458 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "9" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "девятый" "field_creative_case" => "девятым" "field_dative_case" => "девятому" "field_genitive_case" => "девятого" "field_nominative_case" => "девятый" "field_prepositional_case" => "девятом" ] "field_translit" => "devjatyj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1062 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5155 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Мнемозина" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "mnemozina" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5155 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Мнемозина" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "mnemozina" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1075 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 6294 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Шахмаев" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Николай" "field_patronymic" => "Михайлович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 6294 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Шахмаев" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Николай" "field_patronymic" => "Михайлович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1074 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 3942 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Бунчук" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Алексей" "field_patronymic" => "Васильевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 3942 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Бунчук" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Алексей" "field_patronymic" => "Васильевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1066 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6671 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Учебник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "учебник" "field_creative_case" => "учебником" "field_dative_case" => "учебнику" "field_genitive_case" => "учебника" "field_nominative_case" => "учебник" "field_prepositional_case" => "учебнике" ] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "uchebnik" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6671 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Учебник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "учебник" "field_creative_case" => "учебником" "field_dative_case" => "учебнику" "field_genitive_case" => "учебника" "field_nominative_case" => "учебник" "field_prepositional_case" => "учебнике" ] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "uchebnik" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1073 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1067 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1079 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 33 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "стереотипное" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 33 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "стереотипное" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2007" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "362" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/shahmaev-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-346-01799-8" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_09/shahmaev-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759080267" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_09/shahmaev-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759080267" "alt" => "" "width" => "2294" "height" => "3039" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1085 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 52 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "голубой" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "голубой" "field_creative_case" => "голубым" "field_dative_case" => "голубому" "field_genitive_case" => "голубого" "field_nominative_case" => "голубой" "field_prepositional_case" => "голубом" ] "field_translit" => "goluboy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 52 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "голубой" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "голубой" "field_creative_case" => "голубым" "field_dative_case" => "голубому" "field_genitive_case" => "голубого" "field_nominative_case" => "голубой" "field_prepositional_case" => "голубом" ] "field_translit" => "goluboy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 380 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 493 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 2906 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2007" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "362" "field_priority" => null 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#dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1121 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1436850 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Приложение 1. 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array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1100 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 1702623 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1090 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6109 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6109 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437193" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>15.</strong> Что описывает физическая теория?</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "15-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "843" "height" => 117 "path" => "/media/fizika_09/shahmaev-u/0-prilozh1/15-1.webp?ts=1759448891" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 1702623 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437193" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>15.</strong> Что описывает физическая теория?</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "15-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "843" "height" => 117 "path" => "/media/fizika_09/shahmaev-u/0-prilozh1/15-1.webp?ts=1759448891" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1099 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1732544 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1053 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6315 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6315 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437193" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>15.</strong> Физическая теория — это система научных знаний, которая даёт целостное представление о закономерностях и существенных связях в определённой области физических явлений. Она представляет собой модель реальности, построенную для объяснения и предсказания этих явлений.</p><p>В частности, физическая теория описывает:</p><p><strong>1.</strong> <em>Основные понятия и физические величины</em>, которые используются для характеристики явлений в данной области (например, в классической механике это масса, сила, скорость, энергия).</p><p><strong>2.</strong> <em>Фундаментальные законы и принципы (постулаты)</em>, которым подчиняются эти явления. Это основные утверждения, на которых строится вся теория (например, законы Ньютона или постулаты специальной теории относительности).</p><p><strong>3.</strong> <em>Математический аппарат</em> — систему уравнений, которые связывают между собой физические величины и позволяют делать количественные расчёты и предсказания.</p><p><strong>4.</strong> <em>Следствия</em>, вытекающие из основных законов, которые объясняют наблюдаемые факты и предсказывают новые, ещё не открытые явления.</p><p><strong>5.</strong> <em>Границы применимости</em> — условия, при которых данная теория верна. Например, классическая механика хорошо описывает движение макроскопических тел с малыми скоростями, но неприменима для описания атомов (здесь нужна квантовая механика) или объектов, движущихся со скоростями, близкими к скорости света (здесь нужна теория относительности).</p><p>Таким образом, физическая теория не просто констатирует факты, а создаёт стройную логическую систему для их объяснения и предсказания.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Физическая теория описывает определённую группу физических явлений, устанавливая связи между физическими величинами с помощью фундаментальных законов и математических уравнений. Её главная цель — объяснять существующие данные и предсказывать результаты новых экспериментов в рамках своей области применимости.</p>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1732544 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437193" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>15.</strong> Физическая теория — это система научных знаний, которая даёт целостное представление о закономерностях и существенных связях в определённой области физических явлений. Она представляет собой модель реальности, построенную для объяснения и предсказания этих явлений.</p><p>В частности, физическая теория описывает:</p><p><strong>1.</strong> <em>Основные понятия и физические величины</em>, которые используются для характеристики явлений в данной области (например, в классической механике это масса, сила, скорость, энергия).</p><p><strong>2.</strong> <em>Фундаментальные законы и принципы (постулаты)</em>, которым подчиняются эти явления. Это основные утверждения, на которых строится вся теория (например, законы Ньютона или постулаты специальной теории относительности).</p><p><strong>3.</strong> <em>Математический аппарат</em> — систему уравнений, которые связывают между собой физические величины и позволяют делать количественные расчёты и предсказания.</p><p><strong>4.</strong> <em>Следствия</em>, вытекающие из основных законов, которые объясняют наблюдаемые факты и предсказывают новые, ещё не открытые явления.</p><p><strong>5.</strong> <em>Границы применимости</em> — условия, при которых данная теория верна. Например, классическая механика хорошо описывает движение макроскопических тел с малыми скоростями, но неприменима для описания атомов (здесь нужна квантовая механика) или объектов, движущихся со скоростями, близкими к скорости света (здесь нужна теория относительности).</p><p>Таким образом, физическая теория не просто констатирует факты, а создаёт стройную логическую систему для их объяснения и предсказания.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Физическая теория описывает определённую группу физических явлений, устанавливая связи между физическими величинами с помощью фундаментальных законов и математических уравнений. Её главная цель — объяснять существующие данные и предсказывать результаты новых экспериментов в рамках своей области применимости.</p>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437194" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437192" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1056} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1105 #connection: "mysql" #table: "book_pages" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1436776 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "217" "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik/page-217" "field_display_title" => "217" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "217" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1056} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1113 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1702852 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "book_page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1436776" "type" => "book_page" ] "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ …5] ] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1702852 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126} "book_page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1436776" "type" => "book_page" ] "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ …5] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1436777" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1436775" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186 #items: array:10 [ 0 => App\Models\Task {#1202 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1437185 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "217" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik/prilozh1-7" "field_display_title" => "7" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1203 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1204 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1205 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1206 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1208 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437186" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437184" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1214 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1436776" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1437185 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "217" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik/prilozh1-7" "field_display_title" => "7" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1203} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1204} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1205} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1206} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1208} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437186" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437184" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1214} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1436776" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Task {#1209 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1437186 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "217" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik/prilozh1-8" "field_display_title" => "8" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1207 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1216 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1211 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437187" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437185" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1226 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1436776" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1437186 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "217" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik/prilozh1-8" "field_display_title" => "8" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1207} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1216} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1211} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437187" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437185" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1226} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1436776" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Task {#1221 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1437187 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "217" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik/prilozh1-9" "field_display_title" => "9" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1228 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1224 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1222 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1223 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437188" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437186" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1238 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1436776" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1437187 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "217" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik/prilozh1-9" "field_display_title" => "9" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1228} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1224} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1222} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1223} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437188" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437186" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1238} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1436776" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 3 => App\Models\Task {#1233 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1437188 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "217" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik/prilozh1-10" "field_display_title" => "10" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1225 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1240 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1236 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1234 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1235 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437189" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437187" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1250 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1436776" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1437188 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "217" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik/prilozh1-10" "field_display_title" => "10" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1225} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1240} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1236} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1234} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1235} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437189" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437187" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1250} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1436776" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 4 => App\Models\Task {#1245 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1437189 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "217" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik/prilozh1-11" "field_display_title" => "11" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1237 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1252 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1248 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1246 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1247 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437190" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437188" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1262 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1436776" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1437189 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "217" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik/prilozh1-11" "field_display_title" => "11" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1237} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1252} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1248} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1246} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1247} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437190" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437188" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1262} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1436776" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 5 => App\Models\Task {#1257 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1437190 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "217" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik/prilozh1-12" "field_display_title" => "12" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1249 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1264 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1260 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1258 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1259 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437191" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437189" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1274 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1437190 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "217" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik/prilozh1-12" "field_display_title" => "12" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1249} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1264} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1260} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1258} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1259} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1274 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 6 => App\Models\Task {#1269 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1437191 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "217" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik/prilozh1-13" "field_display_title" => "13" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1261 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1276 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1272 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1270 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1271 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1286 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1437191 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "217" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik/prilozh1-13" "field_display_title" => "13" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1261 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1276 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1272 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1270 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1271 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1286 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 7 => App\Models\Task {#1281 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1437192 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "217" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik/prilozh1-14" "field_display_title" => "14" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1273 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1288 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1284 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1282 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1283 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1298 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1437192 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "217" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik/prilozh1-14" "field_display_title" => "14" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1273 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1288 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1284 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1282 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1283 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1298 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 8 => App\Models\Task {#1293 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1437193 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "217" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik/prilozh1-15" "field_display_title" => "15" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1285 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1300 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1296 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1294 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1297 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1295 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1437193 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "217" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik/prilozh1-15" "field_display_title" => "15" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1285 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1300 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1296 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1294 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1297 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1295 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 9 => App\Models\Task {#1305 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1437194 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "217" 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"/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik/prilozh1-16" "field_display_title" => "16" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1306 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1307 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1308 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1309 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1311 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1317 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 1436776 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "217" "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik/page-217" "field_display_title" => "217" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "217" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098} "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1436777" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1436775" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1437193 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "217" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/shahmaev-uchebnik/prilozh1-15" "field_display_title" => "15" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437194" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437192" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1436776" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] }
№15 (с. 217)
Условие. №15 (с. 217)
скриншот условия
15. Что описывает физическая теория?
Решение. №15 (с. 217)
15. Физическая теория — это система научных знаний, которая даёт целостное представление о закономерностях и существенных связях в определённой области физических явлений. Она представляет собой модель реальности, построенную для объяснения и предсказания этих явлений.
В частности, физическая теория описывает:
1. Основные понятия и физические величины, которые используются для характеристики явлений в данной области (например, в классической механике это масса, сила, скорость, энергия).
2. Фундаментальные законы и принципы (постулаты), которым подчиняются эти явления. Это основные утверждения, на которых строится вся теория (например, законы Ньютона или постулаты специальной теории относительности).
3. Математический аппарат — систему уравнений, которые связывают между собой физические величины и позволяют делать количественные расчёты и предсказания.
4. Следствия, вытекающие из основных законов, которые объясняют наблюдаемые факты и предсказывают новые, ещё не открытые явления.
5. Границы применимости — условия, при которых данная теория верна. Например, классическая механика хорошо описывает движение макроскопических тел с малыми скоростями, но неприменима для описания атомов (здесь нужна квантовая механика) или объектов, движущихся со скоростями, близкими к скорости света (здесь нужна теория относительности).
Таким образом, физическая теория не просто констатирует факты, а создаёт стройную логическую систему для их объяснения и предсказания.
Ответ: Физическая теория описывает определённую группу физических явлений, устанавливая связи между физическими величинами с помощью фундаментальных законов и математических уравнений. Её главная цель — объяснять существующие данные и предсказывать результаты новых экспериментов в рамках своей области применимости.
Другие задания:
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