Номер 13.5, страница 84 - гдз по алгебре 10 класс учебник Абылкасымова, Жумагулова

Алгебра, 10 класс Учебник, авторы: Абылкасымова Алма Есимбековна, Жумагулова Зауре Абдыкеновна, издательство Мектеп, Алматы, 2019

Авторы: Абылкасымова А. Е., Жумагулова З. А.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Мектеп

Год издания: 2019 - 2026

ISBN: 978-601-07-1142-6

Утверждено Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан

Глава 5. Производная. Параграф 13. Определение производной - номер 13.5, страница 84.

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                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
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            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Производная"
            "field_branch_order" => "5"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1116}
            "field_page_start" => "77"
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            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144}
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            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1143
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
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          #attributes: array:24 [
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            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
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            "field_branch_order" => "13"
            "field_url" => null
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              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1145
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
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                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
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                      "field_genitive_case" => "Параграфа"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "Параграф"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "Параграфе"
                    ]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
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                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
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                    0 => "*"
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              ]
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      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101
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                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1093
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
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                    "id" => 4958
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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              ]
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            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1113835"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>13.5.</strong> Найдите производную функции $f(x)$ в точке $x_0$, используя алгоритм нахождения производной:</p><p><strong>а)</strong> $f(x) = 3x^2 + 1, x_0 = -2;$</p><p><strong>б)</strong> $f(x) = x^2 - 2, x_0 = -1.$</p>"
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            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1113835"
              "type" => "task"
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            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "5-1.jpg"
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                "height" => 439
                "path" => "/media/algebra_10/Abylkasymova-u/0-13/5-1.webp?ts=1753263080"
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        1 => App\Models\Element {#1088
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          #table: "elements"
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          #keyType: "int"
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                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1085
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
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                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
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                  #withCount: []
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                  #attributes: array:21 [
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                    "updated_at" => null
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                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082}
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                    0 => "*"
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              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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            "task" => array:2 [
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              "type" => "task"
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            "img" => array:1 [
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                "width" => "1900"
                "height" => 2214
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        2 => App\Models\Element {#1080
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                  #connection: "mysql"
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                  #keyType: "int"
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                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 5655
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "title" => "Решение 2"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>а)</strong> Для функции $f(x) = 3x^2 + 1$ в точке $x_0 = -2$.</p><p>Алгоритм нахождения производной состоит из следующих шагов:</p><p><strong>1.</strong> Находим значение функции в начальной точке $x_0$.</p><p>$f(x_0) = f(-2) = 3(-2)^2 + 1 = 3 \cdot 4 + 1 = 13$.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Находим значение функции в точке $x_0 + \Delta x$.</p><p>$f(x_0 + \Delta x) = f(-2 + \Delta x) = 3(-2 + \Delta x)^2 + 1$.</p><p>Раскроем скобки: $3(4 - 4\Delta x + (\Delta x)^2) + 1 = 12 - 12\Delta x + 3(\Delta x)^2 + 1 = 13 - 12\Delta x + 3(\Delta x)^2$.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Находим приращение функции $\Delta f = f(x_0 + \Delta x) - f(x_0)$.</p><p>$\Delta f = (13 - 12\Delta x + 3(\Delta x)^2) - 13 = -12\Delta x + 3(\Delta x)^2$.</p><p><strong>4.</strong> Составляем отношение приращения функции к приращению аргумента $\frac{\Delta f}{\Delta x}$.</p><p>$\frac{\Delta f}{\Delta x} = \frac{-12\Delta x + 3(\Delta x)^2}{\Delta x} = \frac{\Delta x(-12 + 3\Delta x)}{\Delta x}$.</p><p>Сокращаем на $\Delta x$ (так как $\Delta x \neq 0$): $-12 + 3\Delta x$.</p><p><strong>5.</strong> Находим предел этого отношения при $\Delta x \to 0$.</p><p>$f'(-2) = \lim_{\Delta x \to 0} (-12 + 3\Delta x) = -12 + 3 \cdot 0 = -12$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> -12.</p><p><strong>б)</strong> Для функции $f(x) = x^2 - 2$ в точке $x_0 = -1$.</p><p>Применяем тот же алгоритм:</p><p><strong>1.</strong> Находим значение функции в точке $x_0$.</p><p>$f(x_0) = f(-1) = (-1)^2 - 2 = 1 - 2 = -1$.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Находим значение функции в точке $x_0 + \Delta x$.</p><p>$f(x_0 + \Delta x) = f(-1 + \Delta x) = (-1 + \Delta x)^2 - 2$.</p><p>Раскроем скобки: $(1 - 2\Delta x + (\Delta x)^2) - 2 = -1 - 2\Delta x + (\Delta x)^2$.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Находим приращение функции $\Delta f = f(x_0 + \Delta x) - f(x_0)$.</p><p>$\Delta f = (-1 - 2\Delta x + (\Delta x)^2) - (-1) = -1 - 2\Delta x + (\Delta x)^2 + 1 = -2\Delta x + (\Delta x)^2$.</p><p><strong>4.</strong> Составляем отношение $\frac{\Delta f}{\Delta x}$.</p><p>$\frac{\Delta f}{\Delta x} = \frac{-2\Delta x + (\Delta x)^2}{\Delta x} = \frac{\Delta x(-2 + \Delta x)}{\Delta x}$.</p><p>Сокращаем на $\Delta x$: $-2 + \Delta x$.</p><p><strong>5.</strong> Находим предел этого отношения при $\Delta x \to 0$.</p><p>$f'(-1) = \lim_{\Delta x \to 0} (-2 + \Delta x) = -2 + 0 = -2$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> -2.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>а)</strong> Для функции $f(x) = 3x^2 + 1$ в точке $x_0 = -2$.</p><p>Алгоритм нахождения производной состоит из следующих шагов:</p><p><strong>1.</strong> Находим значение функции в начальной точке $x_0$.</p><p>$f(x_0) = f(-2) = 3(-2)^2 + 1 = 3 \cdot 4 + 1 = 13$.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Находим значение функции в точке $x_0 + \Delta x$.</p><p>$f(x_0 + \Delta x) = f(-2 + \Delta x) = 3(-2 + \Delta x)^2 + 1$.</p><p>Раскроем скобки: $3(4 - 4\Delta x + (\Delta x)^2) + 1 = 12 - 12\Delta x + 3(\Delta x)^2 + 1 = 13 - 12\Delta x + 3(\Delta x)^2$.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Находим приращение функции $\Delta f = f(x_0 + \Delta x) - f(x_0)$.</p><p>$\Delta f = (13 - 12\Delta x + 3(\Delta x)^2) - 13 = -12\Delta x + 3(\Delta x)^2$.</p><p><strong>4.</strong> Составляем отношение приращения функции к приращению аргумента $\frac{\Delta f}{\Delta x}$.</p><p>$\frac{\Delta f}{\Delta x} = \frac{-12\Delta x + 3(\Delta x)^2}{\Delta x} = \frac{\Delta x(-12 + 3\Delta x)}{\Delta x}$.</p><p>Сокращаем на $\Delta x$ (так как $\Delta x \neq 0$): $-12 + 3\Delta x$.</p><p><strong>5.</strong> Находим предел этого отношения при $\Delta x \to 0$.</p><p>$f'(-2) = \lim_{\Delta x \to 0} (-12 + 3\Delta x) = -12 + 3 \cdot 0 = -12$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> -12.</p><p><strong>б)</strong> Для функции $f(x) = x^2 - 2$ в точке $x_0 = -1$.</p><p>Применяем тот же алгоритм:</p><p><strong>1.</strong> Находим значение функции в точке $x_0$.</p><p>$f(x_0) = f(-1) = (-1)^2 - 2 = 1 - 2 = -1$.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Находим значение функции в точке $x_0 + \Delta x$.</p><p>$f(x_0 + \Delta x) = f(-1 + \Delta x) = (-1 + \Delta x)^2 - 2$.</p><p>Раскроем скобки: $(1 - 2\Delta x + (\Delta x)^2) - 2 = -1 - 2\Delta x + (\Delta x)^2$.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Находим приращение функции $\Delta f = f(x_0 + \Delta x) - f(x_0)$.</p><p>$\Delta f = (-1 - 2\Delta x + (\Delta x)^2) - (-1) = -1 - 2\Delta x + (\Delta x)^2 + 1 = -2\Delta x + (\Delta x)^2$.</p><p><strong>4.</strong> Составляем отношение $\frac{\Delta f}{\Delta x}$.</p><p>$\frac{\Delta f}{\Delta x} = \frac{-2\Delta x + (\Delta x)^2}{\Delta x} = \frac{\Delta x(-2 + \Delta x)}{\Delta x}$.</p><p>Сокращаем на $\Delta x$: $-2 + \Delta x$.</p><p><strong>5.</strong> Находим предел этого отношения при $\Delta x \to 0$.</p><p>$f'(-1) = \lim_{\Delta x \to 0} (-2 + \Delta x) = -2 + 0 = -2$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> -2.</p>"
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№13.5 (с. 84)
Условие. №13.5 (с. 84)
скриншот условия
Алгебра, 10 класс Учебник, авторы: Абылкасымова Алма Есимбековна, Жумагулова Зауре Абдыкеновна, издательство Мектеп, Алматы, 2019, страница 84, номер 13.5, Условие

13.5. Найдите производную функции $f(x)$ в точке $x_0$, используя алгоритм нахождения производной:

а) $f(x) = 3x^2 + 1, x_0 = -2;$

б) $f(x) = x^2 - 2, x_0 = -1.$

Решение. №13.5 (с. 84)
Алгебра, 10 класс Учебник, авторы: Абылкасымова Алма Есимбековна, Жумагулова Зауре Абдыкеновна, издательство Мектеп, Алматы, 2019, страница 84, номер 13.5, Решение
Решение 2. №13.5 (с. 84)

а) Для функции $f(x) = 3x^2 + 1$ в точке $x_0 = -2$.

Алгоритм нахождения производной состоит из следующих шагов:

1. Находим значение функции в начальной точке $x_0$.

$f(x_0) = f(-2) = 3(-2)^2 + 1 = 3 \cdot 4 + 1 = 13$.

2. Находим значение функции в точке $x_0 + \Delta x$.

$f(x_0 + \Delta x) = f(-2 + \Delta x) = 3(-2 + \Delta x)^2 + 1$.

Раскроем скобки: $3(4 - 4\Delta x + (\Delta x)^2) + 1 = 12 - 12\Delta x + 3(\Delta x)^2 + 1 = 13 - 12\Delta x + 3(\Delta x)^2$.

3. Находим приращение функции $\Delta f = f(x_0 + \Delta x) - f(x_0)$.

$\Delta f = (13 - 12\Delta x + 3(\Delta x)^2) - 13 = -12\Delta x + 3(\Delta x)^2$.

4. Составляем отношение приращения функции к приращению аргумента $\frac{\Delta f}{\Delta x}$.

$\frac{\Delta f}{\Delta x} = \frac{-12\Delta x + 3(\Delta x)^2}{\Delta x} = \frac{\Delta x(-12 + 3\Delta x)}{\Delta x}$.

Сокращаем на $\Delta x$ (так как $\Delta x \neq 0$): $-12 + 3\Delta x$.

5. Находим предел этого отношения при $\Delta x \to 0$.

$f'(-2) = \lim_{\Delta x \to 0} (-12 + 3\Delta x) = -12 + 3 \cdot 0 = -12$.

Ответ: -12.

б) Для функции $f(x) = x^2 - 2$ в точке $x_0 = -1$.

Применяем тот же алгоритм:

1. Находим значение функции в точке $x_0$.

$f(x_0) = f(-1) = (-1)^2 - 2 = 1 - 2 = -1$.

2. Находим значение функции в точке $x_0 + \Delta x$.

$f(x_0 + \Delta x) = f(-1 + \Delta x) = (-1 + \Delta x)^2 - 2$.

Раскроем скобки: $(1 - 2\Delta x + (\Delta x)^2) - 2 = -1 - 2\Delta x + (\Delta x)^2$.

3. Находим приращение функции $\Delta f = f(x_0 + \Delta x) - f(x_0)$.

$\Delta f = (-1 - 2\Delta x + (\Delta x)^2) - (-1) = -1 - 2\Delta x + (\Delta x)^2 + 1 = -2\Delta x + (\Delta x)^2$.

4. Составляем отношение $\frac{\Delta f}{\Delta x}$.

$\frac{\Delta f}{\Delta x} = \frac{-2\Delta x + (\Delta x)^2}{\Delta x} = \frac{\Delta x(-2 + \Delta x)}{\Delta x}$.

Сокращаем на $\Delta x$: $-2 + \Delta x$.

5. Находим предел этого отношения при $\Delta x \to 0$.

$f'(-1) = \lim_{\Delta x \to 0} (-2 + \Delta x) = -2 + 0 = -2$.

Ответ: -2.

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