Номер 432, страница 115 - гдз по геометрии 10-11 класс учебник Атанасян, Бутузов

Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета

Авторы: Атанасян Л. С., Бутузов В. Ф., Кадомцев С. Б., Позняк Э. Г., Киселёва Л. С.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Просвещение

Год издания: 2019 - 2026

Уровень обучения: базовый и углублённый

Цвет обложки: коричневый с ромбами

ISBN: 978-5-09-103606-0 (2023)

Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации

Математика: алгебра и начала математического анализа, геометрия

Глава 4. Цилиндр, конус и шар. Параграф 3. Сфера, дополнительные задачи - номер 432, страница 115.

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                          #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1073
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                          #original: array:6 [ …6]
                          #changes: []
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                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1075
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:10 [ …10]
                          #original: array:10 [ …10]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_publication_number" => "11"
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1077
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                          #original: array:6 [ …6]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => "с ромбами"
                    "field_publication_year" => "2019"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций"
                    "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации"
                    "field_reserve_field" => "Математика: алгебра и начала математического анализа, геометрия"
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "1147"
                    "field_priority" => "12"
                    "field_default_folder" => "/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-103606-0 (2023)"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739363242"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739363242"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "1200"
                        "height" => "1661"
                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => null
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/geometrija/atanasjan-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1083
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                          #original: array:6 [ …6]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
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                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 381
                      "subject" => 543
                      "class_subject" => 392
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:50 [
                    "id" => 36
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051}
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052}
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055}
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057}
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063}
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064}
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066}
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074}
                    "field_publication_number" => "11"
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076}
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078}
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => "с ромбами"
                    "field_publication_year" => "2019"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций"
                    "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации"
                    "field_reserve_field" => "Математика: алгебра и начала математического анализа, геометрия"
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "1147"
                    "field_priority" => "12"
                    "field_default_folder" => "/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-103606-0 (2023)"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739363242"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739363242"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "1200"
                        "height" => "1661"
                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => null
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079}
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080}
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081}
                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/geometrija/atanasjan-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 381
                      "subject" => 543
                      "class_subject" => 392
                    ]
                  ]
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
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                  #touches: []
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                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 744386
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Цилиндр, конус и шар"
            "field_branch_order" => "4"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050}
            "field_page_start" => "89"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
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            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084}
          ]
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          #dateFormat: null
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          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
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          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
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          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121
      #items: array:2 [
        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1129
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 744386
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Цилиндр, конус и шар"
            "field_branch_order" => "4"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1047}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "89"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1049}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 744386
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Цилиндр, конус и шар"
            "field_branch_order" => "4"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130}
            "field_page_start" => "89"
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            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
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            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
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            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
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            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132}
          ]
          #changes: []
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          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
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          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1133
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 744391
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Сфера, дополнительные задачи"
            "field_branch_order" => "3"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1134
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
                  #original: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
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                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
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                  #dispatchesEvents: []
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                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "112"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
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            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
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            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1049}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 744391
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Сфера, дополнительные задачи"
            "field_branch_order" => "3"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137}
            "field_page_start" => "112"
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            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
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            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
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            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135}
          ]
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          #visible: []
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          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038
      #items: array:6 [
        0 => App\Models\Element {#1109
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:7 [
            "id" => 939081
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1106
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 2315
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Условие"
                    "field_order" => "1"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105 …2}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => "image"
                    "field_content_text_checked" => null
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
                    "field_moderator" => "pasha"
                    "field_edition_type" => "statement"
                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1104 …2}
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 …2}
                    "field_process_formula" => "wiris"
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103 …2}
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:21 [
                    "id" => 2315
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>а)</strong> Пусть сторона вписанного в сферу куба равна $a$. Диагональ куба $d$ совпадает с диаметром сферы $D$. Диаметр сферы равен $2R$.</p><p>Связь между диагональю куба и его стороной выражается формулой $d = a\sqrt{3}$.</p><p>Приравниваем диагональ куба к диаметру сферы:</p><p>$a\sqrt{3} = 2R$</p><p>Отсюда находим сторону куба $a$:</p><p>$a = \frac{2R}{\sqrt{3}}$</p><p>Площадь полной поверхности куба $S_{полн}$ вычисляется по формуле $S_{полн} = 6a^2$. Подставим найденное значение $a$:</p><p>$S_{полн} = 6 \cdot \left(\frac{2R}{\sqrt{3}}\right)^2 = 6 \cdot \frac{4R^2}{3} = 2 \cdot 4R^2 = 8R^2$</p><p>Ответ: $8R^2$</p><p><strong>б)</strong> Рассмотрим правильную шестиугольную призму, вписанную в сферу. Высота призмы $H = R$. Пусть сторона основания (правильного шестиугольника) равна $a$.</p><p>Все вершины призмы лежат на поверхности сферы. Центр сферы совпадает с серединой высоты призмы. Расстояние от центра сферы до центра каждого из оснований призмы равно $\frac{H}{2} = \frac{R}{2}$.</p><p>Рассмотрим прямоугольный треугольник, образованный радиусом сферы $R$ (гипотенуза), половиной высоты призмы $\frac{R}{2}$ (катет) и радиусом окружности, описанной около основания призмы (второй катет). Для правильного шестиугольника радиус описанной окружности равен его стороне $a$.</p><p>По теореме Пифагора:</p><p>$R^2 = \left(\frac{R}{2}\right)^2 + a^2$</p><p>$R^2 = \frac{R^2}{4} + a^2$</p><p>$a^2 = R^2 - \frac{R^2}{4} = \frac{3R^2}{4}$</p><p>$a = \frac{R\sqrt{3}}{2}$</p><p>Площадь полной поверхности призмы $S_{полн}$ складывается из площади боковой поверхности $S_{бок}$ и двух площадей основания $2S_{осн}$.</p><p>Площадь боковой поверхности: $S_{бок} = P_{осн} \cdot H$, где $P_{осн} = 6a$ - периметр основания.</p><p>$S_{бок} = 6aH = 6 \cdot \frac{R\sqrt{3}}{2} \cdot R = 3\sqrt{3}R^2$</p><p>Площадь основания (правильного шестиугольника): $S_{осн} = \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}a^2$.</p><p>$S_{осн} = \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2} \cdot \frac{3R^2}{4} = \frac{9\sqrt{3}R^2}{8}$</p><p>Теперь найдем площадь полной поверхности:</p><p>$S_{полн} = S_{бок} + 2S_{осн} = 3\sqrt{3}R^2 + 2 \cdot \frac{9\sqrt{3}R^2}{8} = 3\sqrt{3}R^2 + \frac{9\sqrt{3}R^2}{4}$</p><p>$S_{полн} = \frac{12\sqrt{3}R^2 + 9\sqrt{3}R^2}{4} = \frac{21\sqrt{3}R^2}{4}$</p><p>Ответ: $\frac{21\sqrt{3}}{4}R^2$</p><p><strong>в)</strong> Рассмотрим правильный тетраэдр, вписанный в сферу. Пусть ребро тетраэдра равно $a$.</p><p>Радиус $R$ сферы, описанной около правильного тетраэдра со стороной $a$, связан с длиной ребра следующей формулой:</p><p>$R = a\frac{\sqrt{6}}{4}$</p><p>Выразим сторону тетраэдра $a$ через радиус $R$:</p><p>$a = \frac{4R}{\sqrt{6}} = \frac{4R\sqrt{6}}{6} = \frac{2R\sqrt{6}}{3}$</p><p>Площадь полной поверхности правильного тетраэдра $S_{полн}$ состоит из четырех площадей равносторонних треугольников. Площадь одного такого треугольника со стороной $a$ равна $S_{\triangle} = \frac{a^2\sqrt{3}}{4}$.</p><p>Следовательно, площадь полной поверхности тетраэдра:</p><p>$S_{полн} = 4 \cdot S_{\triangle} = 4 \cdot \frac{a^2\sqrt{3}}{4} = a^2\sqrt{3}$</p><p>Подставим в эту формулу выражение для $a$ через $R$:</p><p>$S_{полн} = \left(\frac{2R\sqrt{6}}{3}\right)^2 \cdot \sqrt{3} = \frac{4R^2 \cdot 6}{9} \cdot \sqrt{3} = \frac{24R^2}{9} \cdot \sqrt{3} = \frac{8R^2}{3}\sqrt{3}$</p><p>Ответ: $\frac{8\sqrt{3}}{3}R^2$</p>"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>а)</strong> Пусть сторона вписанного в сферу куба равна $a$. Диагональ куба $d$ совпадает с диаметром сферы $D$. Диаметр сферы равен $2R$.</p><p>Связь между диагональю куба и его стороной выражается формулой $d = a\sqrt{3}$.</p><p>Приравниваем диагональ куба к диаметру сферы:</p><p>$a\sqrt{3} = 2R$</p><p>Отсюда находим сторону куба $a$:</p><p>$a = \frac{2R}{\sqrt{3}}$</p><p>Площадь полной поверхности куба $S_{полн}$ вычисляется по формуле $S_{полн} = 6a^2$. Подставим найденное значение $a$:</p><p>$S_{полн} = 6 \cdot \left(\frac{2R}{\sqrt{3}}\right)^2 = 6 \cdot \frac{4R^2}{3} = 2 \cdot 4R^2 = 8R^2$</p><p>Ответ: $8R^2$</p><p><strong>б)</strong> Рассмотрим правильную шестиугольную призму, вписанную в сферу. Высота призмы $H = R$. Пусть сторона основания (правильного шестиугольника) равна $a$.</p><p>Все вершины призмы лежат на поверхности сферы. Центр сферы совпадает с серединой высоты призмы. Расстояние от центра сферы до центра каждого из оснований призмы равно $\frac{H}{2} = \frac{R}{2}$.</p><p>Рассмотрим прямоугольный треугольник, образованный радиусом сферы $R$ (гипотенуза), половиной высоты призмы $\frac{R}{2}$ (катет) и радиусом окружности, описанной около основания призмы (второй катет). Для правильного шестиугольника радиус описанной окружности равен его стороне $a$.</p><p>По теореме Пифагора:</p><p>$R^2 = \left(\frac{R}{2}\right)^2 + a^2$</p><p>$R^2 = \frac{R^2}{4} + a^2$</p><p>$a^2 = R^2 - \frac{R^2}{4} = \frac{3R^2}{4}$</p><p>$a = \frac{R\sqrt{3}}{2}$</p><p>Площадь полной поверхности призмы $S_{полн}$ складывается из площади боковой поверхности $S_{бок}$ и двух площадей основания $2S_{осн}$.</p><p>Площадь боковой поверхности: $S_{бок} = P_{осн} \cdot H$, где $P_{осн} = 6a$ - периметр основания.</p><p>$S_{бок} = 6aH = 6 \cdot \frac{R\sqrt{3}}{2} \cdot R = 3\sqrt{3}R^2$</p><p>Площадь основания (правильного шестиугольника): $S_{осн} = \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}a^2$.</p><p>$S_{осн} = \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2} \cdot \frac{3R^2}{4} = \frac{9\sqrt{3}R^2}{8}$</p><p>Теперь найдем площадь полной поверхности:</p><p>$S_{полн} = S_{бок} + 2S_{осн} = 3\sqrt{3}R^2 + 2 \cdot \frac{9\sqrt{3}R^2}{8} = 3\sqrt{3}R^2 + \frac{9\sqrt{3}R^2}{4}$</p><p>$S_{полн} = \frac{12\sqrt{3}R^2 + 9\sqrt{3}R^2}{4} = \frac{21\sqrt{3}R^2}{4}$</p><p>Ответ: $\frac{21\sqrt{3}}{4}R^2$</p><p><strong>в)</strong> Рассмотрим правильный тетраэдр, вписанный в сферу. Пусть ребро тетраэдра равно $a$.</p><p>Радиус $R$ сферы, описанной около правильного тетраэдра со стороной $a$, связан с длиной ребра следующей формулой:</p><p>$R = a\frac{\sqrt{6}}{4}$</p><p>Выразим сторону тетраэдра $a$ через радиус $R$:</p><p>$a = \frac{4R}{\sqrt{6}} = \frac{4R\sqrt{6}}{6} = \frac{2R\sqrt{6}}{3}$</p><p>Площадь полной поверхности правильного тетраэдра $S_{полн}$ состоит из четырех площадей равносторонних треугольников. Площадь одного такого треугольника со стороной $a$ равна $S_{\triangle} = \frac{a^2\sqrt{3}}{4}$.</p><p>Следовательно, площадь полной поверхности тетраэдра:</p><p>$S_{полн} = 4 \cdot S_{\triangle} = 4 \cdot \frac{a^2\sqrt{3}}{4} = a^2\sqrt{3}$</p><p>Подставим в эту формулу выражение для $a$ через $R$:</p><p>$S_{полн} = \left(\frac{2R\sqrt{6}}{3}\right)^2 \cdot \sqrt{3} = \frac{4R^2 \cdot 6}{9} \cdot \sqrt{3} = \frac{24R^2}{9} \cdot \sqrt{3} = \frac{8R^2}{3}\sqrt{3}$</p><p>Ответ: $\frac{8\sqrt{3}}{3}R^2$</p>"
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№432 (с. 115)
Условие. №432 (с. 115)
скриншот условия
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 115, номер 432, Условие

432. Радиус сферы равен R. Найдите площадь полной поверхности: а) вписанного в сферу куба; б) вписанной правильной шестиугольной призмы, высота которой равна R; в) вписанного правильного тетраэдра.

Решение 2. №432 (с. 115)
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 115, номер 432, Решение 2
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 115, номер 432, Решение 2 (продолжение 2)
Решение 3. №432 (с. 115)
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 115, номер 432, Решение 3
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 115, номер 432, Решение 3 (продолжение 2)
Решение 4. №432 (с. 115)
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 115, номер 432, Решение 4
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 115, номер 432, Решение 4 (продолжение 2)
Решение 5. №432 (с. 115)
Решение 6. №432 (с. 115)

а) Пусть сторона вписанного в сферу куба равна $a$. Диагональ куба $d$ совпадает с диаметром сферы $D$. Диаметр сферы равен $2R$.

Связь между диагональю куба и его стороной выражается формулой $d = a\sqrt{3}$.

Приравниваем диагональ куба к диаметру сферы:

$a\sqrt{3} = 2R$

Отсюда находим сторону куба $a$:

$a = \frac{2R}{\sqrt{3}}$

Площадь полной поверхности куба $S_{полн}$ вычисляется по формуле $S_{полн} = 6a^2$. Подставим найденное значение $a$:

$S_{полн} = 6 \cdot \left(\frac{2R}{\sqrt{3}}\right)^2 = 6 \cdot \frac{4R^2}{3} = 2 \cdot 4R^2 = 8R^2$

Ответ: $8R^2$

б) Рассмотрим правильную шестиугольную призму, вписанную в сферу. Высота призмы $H = R$. Пусть сторона основания (правильного шестиугольника) равна $a$.

Все вершины призмы лежат на поверхности сферы. Центр сферы совпадает с серединой высоты призмы. Расстояние от центра сферы до центра каждого из оснований призмы равно $\frac{H}{2} = \frac{R}{2}$.

Рассмотрим прямоугольный треугольник, образованный радиусом сферы $R$ (гипотенуза), половиной высоты призмы $\frac{R}{2}$ (катет) и радиусом окружности, описанной около основания призмы (второй катет). Для правильного шестиугольника радиус описанной окружности равен его стороне $a$.

По теореме Пифагора:

$R^2 = \left(\frac{R}{2}\right)^2 + a^2$

$R^2 = \frac{R^2}{4} + a^2$

$a^2 = R^2 - \frac{R^2}{4} = \frac{3R^2}{4}$

$a = \frac{R\sqrt{3}}{2}$

Площадь полной поверхности призмы $S_{полн}$ складывается из площади боковой поверхности $S_{бок}$ и двух площадей основания $2S_{осн}$.

Площадь боковой поверхности: $S_{бок} = P_{осн} \cdot H$, где $P_{осн} = 6a$ - периметр основания.

$S_{бок} = 6aH = 6 \cdot \frac{R\sqrt{3}}{2} \cdot R = 3\sqrt{3}R^2$

Площадь основания (правильного шестиугольника): $S_{осн} = \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}a^2$.

$S_{осн} = \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2} \cdot \frac{3R^2}{4} = \frac{9\sqrt{3}R^2}{8}$

Теперь найдем площадь полной поверхности:

$S_{полн} = S_{бок} + 2S_{осн} = 3\sqrt{3}R^2 + 2 \cdot \frac{9\sqrt{3}R^2}{8} = 3\sqrt{3}R^2 + \frac{9\sqrt{3}R^2}{4}$

$S_{полн} = \frac{12\sqrt{3}R^2 + 9\sqrt{3}R^2}{4} = \frac{21\sqrt{3}R^2}{4}$

Ответ: $\frac{21\sqrt{3}}{4}R^2$

в) Рассмотрим правильный тетраэдр, вписанный в сферу. Пусть ребро тетраэдра равно $a$.

Радиус $R$ сферы, описанной около правильного тетраэдра со стороной $a$, связан с длиной ребра следующей формулой:

$R = a\frac{\sqrt{6}}{4}$

Выразим сторону тетраэдра $a$ через радиус $R$:

$a = \frac{4R}{\sqrt{6}} = \frac{4R\sqrt{6}}{6} = \frac{2R\sqrt{6}}{3}$

Площадь полной поверхности правильного тетраэдра $S_{полн}$ состоит из четырех площадей равносторонних треугольников. Площадь одного такого треугольника со стороной $a$ равна $S_{\triangle} = \frac{a^2\sqrt{3}}{4}$.

Следовательно, площадь полной поверхности тетраэдра:

$S_{полн} = 4 \cdot S_{\triangle} = 4 \cdot \frac{a^2\sqrt{3}}{4} = a^2\sqrt{3}$

Подставим в эту формулу выражение для $a$ через $R$:

$S_{полн} = \left(\frac{2R\sqrt{6}}{3}\right)^2 \cdot \sqrt{3} = \frac{4R^2 \cdot 6}{9} \cdot \sqrt{3} = \frac{24R^2}{9} \cdot \sqrt{3} = \frac{8R^2}{3}\sqrt{3}$

Ответ: $\frac{8\sqrt{3}}{3}R^2$

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