Номер 556, страница 141 - гдз по геометрии 10-11 класс учебник Атанасян, Бутузов

Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета

Авторы: Атанасян Л. С., Бутузов В. Ф., Кадомцев С. Б., Позняк Э. Г., Киселёва Л. С.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Просвещение

Год издания: 2019 - 2026

Уровень обучения: базовый и углублённый

Цвет обложки: коричневый с ромбами

ISBN: 978-5-09-103606-0 (2023)

Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации

Математика: алгебра и начала математического анализа, геометрия

Глава 5. Объёмы тел. Параграф 4. Объём шара и площадь сферы, дополнительные задачи - номер 556, страница 141.

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                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 …2}
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090 …2}
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096 …2}
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097 …2}
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099 …2}
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101 …2}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103 …2}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1104 …2}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105 …2}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107 …2}
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                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109 …2}
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111 …2}
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                    "field_cover_description" => "с ромбами"
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                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций"
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                    "field_default_folder" => "/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-103606-0 (2023)"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1]
                    "field_popular_book" => null
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112 …2}
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113 …2}
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114 …2}
                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/geometrija/atanasjan-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115 …2}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
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                  #dateFormat: null
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                  #visible: []
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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117
              #items: []
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          ]
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            "id" => 744392
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            "field_display_title" => "Объёмы тел"
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            "field_url" => null
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            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1118
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
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            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119
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                0 => App\Models\Term {#1120
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
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                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
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                    0 => "*"
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                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
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              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1122
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "books"
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                  #keyType: "int"
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                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
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                  +exists: true
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:50 [
                    "id" => 36
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123 …2}
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                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136 …2}
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137 …2}
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139 …2}
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141 …2}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143 …2}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144 …2}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145 …2}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147 …2}
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                    "field_cover_description" => "с ромбами"
                    "field_publication_year" => "2019"
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                    "field_part" => ""
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                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций"
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                    "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1]
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                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153 …2}
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                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3]
                  ]
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                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141 …2}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143 …2}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144 …2}
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                    "field_cover_description" => "с ромбами"
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                    "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1]
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                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3]
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            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1157
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1158
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                  #table: "branches"
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                  #attributes: array:24 [
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                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1159 …2}
                    "field_page_start" => "116"
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                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
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                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
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                    "field_branch_covers" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1161 …2}
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1162 …2}
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 744392
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                     …22
                  ]
                  #changes: []
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                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
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            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
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            "field_branch_order" => "4"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119}
            "field_page_start" => "138"
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            "field_h1" => null
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            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121}
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            0 => "*"
          ]
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      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1164
      #items: array:4 [
        0 => App\Models\Element {#1176
          #connection: "mysql"
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            "id" => 939223
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185
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                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1177
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
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                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [ …21]
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                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
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              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "744971"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p> <b>556.</b> Будет ли плавать в воде полый медный шар, диаметр которого равен 10 см, а толщина стенки: <span class="long"> а) 2 мм; </span> <span class="long">б) 1,5 мм? </span> (Плотность меди <span class="long">8,9 г/см³.)</span> </p>"
            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "556-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1561"
                "height" => 207
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/0-00/556-1.webp?ts=1739436735"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:7 [
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            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "744971"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p> <b>556.</b> Будет ли плавать в воде полый медный шар, диаметр которого равен 10 см, а толщина стенки: <span class="long"> а) 2 мм; </span> <span class="long">б) 1,5 мм? </span> (Плотность меди <span class="long">8,9 г/см³.)</span> </p>"
            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "556-1.jpg"
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                "width" => "1561"
                "height" => 207
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/0-00/556-1.webp?ts=1739436735"
              ]
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            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Element {#1191
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
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          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 942179
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201
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            "text" => "<p>Для того чтобы определить, будет ли полый шар плавать в воде, необходимо сравнить его среднюю плотность ($?_{ср}$) с плотностью воды ($?_{воды}$). Плотность пресной воды принимаем равной $?_{воды} = 1 \text{ г/см}^3$.</p><p>Тело плавает, если его средняя плотность меньше или равна плотности жидкости ($?_{ср} \le ?_{воды}$).</p><p>Тело тонет, если его средняя плотность больше плотности жидкости ($?_{ср} > ?_{воды}$).</p><p>Средняя плотность полого шара вычисляется как отношение его массы к его внешнему объему. Масса шара — это произведение плотности меди ($?_{меди}$) на объем меди ($V_{меди}$).</p><p>$?_{ср} = \frac{m_{шара}}{V_{внешн}} = \frac{?_{меди} \cdot V_{меди}}{V_{внешн}}$</p><p>Объем меди ($V_{меди}$) — это разность между внешним ($V_{внешн}$) и внутренним ($V_{внутр}$) объемами шара.</p><p>$V_{меди} = V_{внешн} - V_{внутр} = \frac{4}{3}\pi R^3 - \frac{4}{3}\pi r^3 = \frac{4}{3}\pi(R^3 - r^3)$</p><p>где $R$ — внешний радиус, а $r$ — внутренний радиус.</p><p>Подставив это в формулу для средней плотности, получим:</p><p>$?_{ср} = \frac{?_{меди} \cdot \frac{4}{3}\pi(R^3 - r^3)}{\frac{4}{3}\pi R^3} = ?_{меди} \frac{R^3 - r^3}{R^3} = ?_{меди}\left(1 - \left(\frac{r}{R}\right)^3\right)$</p><p><strong>Исходные данные:</strong></p><p>Внешний диаметр шара $D = 10 \text{ см}$, следовательно, внешний радиус $R = \frac{D}{2} = 5 \text{ см}$.</p><p>Плотность меди $?_{меди} = 8,9 \text{ г/см}^3$.</p><p>Внутренний радиус $r$ вычисляется как $r = R - h$, где $h$ — толщина стенки.</p><p><strong>а) 2 мм</strong></p><p>1. Переведем толщину стенки в сантиметры:</p><p>$h = 2 \text{ мм} = 0,2 \text{ см}$</p><p>2. Найдем внутренний радиус шара:</p><p>$r = R - h = 5 \text{ см} - 0,2 \text{ см} = 4,8 \text{ см}$</p><p>3. Рассчитаем среднюю плотность шара:</p><p>$?_{ср} = ?_{меди}\left(1 - \left(\frac{r}{R}\right)^3\right) = 8,9 \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{4,8}{5}\right)^3\right) = 8,9 \cdot (1 - 0,96^3)$</p><p>$?_{ср} = 8,9 \cdot (1 - 0,884736) = 8,9 \cdot 0,115264 \approx 1,026 \text{ г/см}^3$</p><p>4. Сравним среднюю плотность шара с плотностью воды:</p><p>$1,026 \text{ г/см}^3 > 1 \text{ г/см}^3$, то есть $?_{ср} > ?_{воды}$.</p><p>Поскольку средняя плотность шара больше плотности воды, шар утонет.</p><p>Ответ: нет, шар с толщиной стенки 2 мм в воде утонет.</p><p><strong>б) 1,5 мм</strong></p><p>1. Переведем толщину стенки в сантиметры:</p><p>$h = 1,5 \text{ мм} = 0,15 \text{ см}$</p><p>2. Найдем внутренний радиус шара:</p><p>$r = R - h = 5 \text{ см} - 0,15 \text{ см} = 4,85 \text{ см}$</p><p>3. Рассчитаем среднюю плотность шара:</p><p>$?_{ср} = ?_{меди}\left(1 - \left(\frac{r}{R}\right)^3\right) = 8,9 \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{4,85}{5}\right)^3\right) = 8,9 \cdot (1 - 0,97^3)$</p><p>$?_{ср} = 8,9 \cdot (1 - 0,912673) = 8,9 \cdot 0,087327 \approx 0,777 \text{ г/см}^3$</p><p>4. Сравним среднюю плотность шара с плотностью воды:</p><p>$0,777 \text{ г/см}^3 &lt; 1 \text{ г/см}^3$, то есть $?_{ср} &lt; ?_{воды}$.</p><p>Поскольку средняя плотность шара меньше плотности воды, шар будет плавать.</p><p>Ответ: да, шар с толщиной стенки 1,5 мм будет плавать в воде.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p>Для того чтобы определить, будет ли полый шар плавать в воде, необходимо сравнить его среднюю плотность ($?_{ср}$) с плотностью воды ($?_{воды}$). Плотность пресной воды принимаем равной $?_{воды} = 1 \text{ г/см}^3$.</p><p>Тело плавает, если его средняя плотность меньше или равна плотности жидкости ($?_{ср} \le ?_{воды}$).</p><p>Тело тонет, если его средняя плотность больше плотности жидкости ($?_{ср} > ?_{воды}$).</p><p>Средняя плотность полого шара вычисляется как отношение его массы к его внешнему объему. Масса шара — это произведение плотности меди ($?_{меди}$) на объем меди ($V_{меди}$).</p><p>$?_{ср} = \frac{m_{шара}}{V_{внешн}} = \frac{?_{меди} \cdot V_{меди}}{V_{внешн}}$</p><p>Объем меди ($V_{меди}$) — это разность между внешним ($V_{внешн}$) и внутренним ($V_{внутр}$) объемами шара.</p><p>$V_{меди} = V_{внешн} - V_{внутр} = \frac{4}{3}\pi R^3 - \frac{4}{3}\pi r^3 = \frac{4}{3}\pi(R^3 - r^3)$</p><p>где $R$ — внешний радиус, а $r$ — внутренний радиус.</p><p>Подставив это в формулу для средней плотности, получим:</p><p>$?_{ср} = \frac{?_{меди} \cdot \frac{4}{3}\pi(R^3 - r^3)}{\frac{4}{3}\pi R^3} = ?_{меди} \frac{R^3 - r^3}{R^3} = ?_{меди}\left(1 - \left(\frac{r}{R}\right)^3\right)$</p><p><strong>Исходные данные:</strong></p><p>Внешний диаметр шара $D = 10 \text{ см}$, следовательно, внешний радиус $R = \frac{D}{2} = 5 \text{ см}$.</p><p>Плотность меди $?_{меди} = 8,9 \text{ г/см}^3$.</p><p>Внутренний радиус $r$ вычисляется как $r = R - h$, где $h$ — толщина стенки.</p><p><strong>а) 2 мм</strong></p><p>1. Переведем толщину стенки в сантиметры:</p><p>$h = 2 \text{ мм} = 0,2 \text{ см}$</p><p>2. Найдем внутренний радиус шара:</p><p>$r = R - h = 5 \text{ см} - 0,2 \text{ см} = 4,8 \text{ см}$</p><p>3. Рассчитаем среднюю плотность шара:</p><p>$?_{ср} = ?_{меди}\left(1 - \left(\frac{r}{R}\right)^3\right) = 8,9 \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{4,8}{5}\right)^3\right) = 8,9 \cdot (1 - 0,96^3)$</p><p>$?_{ср} = 8,9 \cdot (1 - 0,884736) = 8,9 \cdot 0,115264 \approx 1,026 \text{ г/см}^3$</p><p>4. Сравним среднюю плотность шара с плотностью воды:</p><p>$1,026 \text{ г/см}^3 > 1 \text{ г/см}^3$, то есть $?_{ср} > ?_{воды}$.</p><p>Поскольку средняя плотность шара больше плотности воды, шар утонет.</p><p>Ответ: нет, шар с толщиной стенки 2 мм в воде утонет.</p><p><strong>б) 1,5 мм</strong></p><p>1. Переведем толщину стенки в сантиметры:</p><p>$h = 1,5 \text{ мм} = 0,15 \text{ см}$</p><p>2. Найдем внутренний радиус шара:</p><p>$r = R - h = 5 \text{ см} - 0,15 \text{ см} = 4,85 \text{ см}$</p><p>3. Рассчитаем среднюю плотность шара:</p><p>$?_{ср} = ?_{меди}\left(1 - \left(\frac{r}{R}\right)^3\right) = 8,9 \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{4,85}{5}\right)^3\right) = 8,9 \cdot (1 - 0,97^3)$</p><p>$?_{ср} = 8,9 \cdot (1 - 0,912673) = 8,9 \cdot 0,087327 \approx 0,777 \text{ г/см}^3$</p><p>4. Сравним среднюю плотность шара с плотностью воды:</p><p>$0,777 \text{ г/см}^3 &lt; 1 \text{ г/см}^3$, то есть $?_{ср} &lt; ?_{воды}$.</p><p>Поскольку средняя плотность шара меньше плотности воды, шар будет плавать.</p><p>Ответ: да, шар с толщиной стенки 1,5 мм будет плавать в воде.</p>"
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                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                1 => App\Models\Term {#1207
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:12 [ …12]
                  #original: array:12 [ …12]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                2 => App\Models\Term {#1208
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:12 [ …12]
                  #original: array:12 [ …12]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                3 => App\Models\Term {#1210
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:12 [ …12]
                  #original: array:12 [ …12]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                4 => App\Models\Term {#1211
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:12 [ …12]
                  #original: array:12 [ …12]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1214
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:10 [ …10]
                  #original: array:10 [ …10]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1215
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1216
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                  #original: array:6 [ …6]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1217
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1218
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                  #original: array:6 [ …6]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1219
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1220
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1221
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1222
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                  #original: array:6 [ …6]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1223
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1224
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:10 [ …10]
                  #original: array:10 [ …10]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_publication_number" => "11"
            "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1225
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1226
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                  #original: array:6 [ …6]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1227
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
            "field_cover_description" => "с ромбами"
            "field_publication_year" => "2019"
            "field_publication_year_until" => null
            "field_part" => ""
            "field_part_writing" => ""
            "field_second_foreign_language" => null
            "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций"
            "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации"
            "field_reserve_field" => "Математика: алгебра и начала математического анализа, геометрия"
            "field_link_to_source" => null
            "field_tasks_count" => "1147"
            "field_priority" => "12"
            "field_default_folder" => "/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/"
            "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-103606-0 (2023)"
            "field_cover" => array:1 [
              0 => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739363242"
            ]
            "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
              0 => ""
            ]
            "field_covers" => array:1 [
              0 => array:4 [
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739363242"
                "alt" => ""
                "width" => "1200"
                "height" => "1661"
              ]
            ]
            "field_popular_book" => null
            "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1228
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1229
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1230
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_url" => "/10-klass/geometrija/atanasjan-uchebnik"
            "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1232
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                  #original: array:6 [ …6]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
              "class" => 381
              "subject" => 543
              "class_subject" => 392
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:50 [
            "id" => 36
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
            "field_pages_status" => null
            "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1165}
            "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1172}
            "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1169}
            "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1170}
            "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212}
            "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213}
            "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1215}
            "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1217}
            "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1219}
            "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1220}
            "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1221}
            "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1223}
            "field_publication_number" => "11"
            "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1225}
            "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1227}
            "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
            "field_cover_description" => "с ромбами"
            "field_publication_year" => "2019"
            "field_publication_year_until" => null
            "field_part" => ""
            "field_part_writing" => ""
            "field_second_foreign_language" => null
            "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций"
            "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации"
            "field_reserve_field" => "Математика: алгебра и начала математического анализа, геометрия"
            "field_link_to_source" => null
            "field_tasks_count" => "1147"
            "field_priority" => "12"
            "field_default_folder" => "/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/"
            "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-103606-0 (2023)"
            "field_cover" => array:1 [
              0 => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739363242"
            ]
            "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
              0 => ""
            ]
            "field_covers" => array:1 [
              0 => array:4 [
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739363242"
                "alt" => ""
                "width" => "1200"
                "height" => "1661"
              ]
            ]
            "field_popular_book" => null
            "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1228}
            "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1229}
            "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1230}
            "field_url" => "/10-klass/geometrija/atanasjan-uchebnik"
            "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231}
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
              "class" => 381
              "subject" => 543
              "class_subject" => 392
            ]
          ]
          #changes: []
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          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
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          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1465
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1032
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "book_pages"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:21 [
            "id" => 933923
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "141"
            "field_url" => "/10-klass/geometrija/atanasjan-uchebnik/page-141"
            "field_display_title" => "141"
            "field_folder" => "1"
            "field_image_name" => "141"
            "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1023
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_weight" => "0"
            "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1026
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1233
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "books"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:50 [ …50]
                  #original: array:50 [ …50]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1269
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1270
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Element {#1271
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "elements"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                  #original: array:6 [ …6]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "933924"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "933922"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1279
              #items: array:10 [
                0 => App\Models\Task {#1280
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                1 => App\Models\Task {#1328
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                2 => App\Models\Task {#1343
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                3 => App\Models\Task {#1358
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№556 (с. 141)
Условие. №556 (с. 141)
скриншот условия
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 141, номер 556, Условие

556. Будет ли плавать в воде полый медный шар, диаметр которого равен 10 см, а толщина стенки: а) 2 мм; б) 1,5 мм? (Плотность меди 8,9 г/см³.)

Решение 2. №556 (с. 141)
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 141, номер 556, Решение 2
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 141, номер 556, Решение 2 (продолжение 2)
Решение 3. №556 (с. 141)
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 141, номер 556, Решение 3
Решение 6. №556 (с. 141)

Для того чтобы определить, будет ли полый шар плавать в воде, необходимо сравнить его среднюю плотность ($?_{ср}$) с плотностью воды ($?_{воды}$). Плотность пресной воды принимаем равной $?_{воды} = 1 \text{ г/см}^3$.

Тело плавает, если его средняя плотность меньше или равна плотности жидкости ($?_{ср} \le ?_{воды}$).

Тело тонет, если его средняя плотность больше плотности жидкости ($?_{ср} > ?_{воды}$).

Средняя плотность полого шара вычисляется как отношение его массы к его внешнему объему. Масса шара — это произведение плотности меди ($?_{меди}$) на объем меди ($V_{меди}$).

$?_{ср} = \frac{m_{шара}}{V_{внешн}} = \frac{?_{меди} \cdot V_{меди}}{V_{внешн}}$

Объем меди ($V_{меди}$) — это разность между внешним ($V_{внешн}$) и внутренним ($V_{внутр}$) объемами шара.

$V_{меди} = V_{внешн} - V_{внутр} = \frac{4}{3}\pi R^3 - \frac{4}{3}\pi r^3 = \frac{4}{3}\pi(R^3 - r^3)$

где $R$ — внешний радиус, а $r$ — внутренний радиус.

Подставив это в формулу для средней плотности, получим:

$?_{ср} = \frac{?_{меди} \cdot \frac{4}{3}\pi(R^3 - r^3)}{\frac{4}{3}\pi R^3} = ?_{меди} \frac{R^3 - r^3}{R^3} = ?_{меди}\left(1 - \left(\frac{r}{R}\right)^3\right)$

Исходные данные:

Внешний диаметр шара $D = 10 \text{ см}$, следовательно, внешний радиус $R = \frac{D}{2} = 5 \text{ см}$.

Плотность меди $?_{меди} = 8,9 \text{ г/см}^3$.

Внутренний радиус $r$ вычисляется как $r = R - h$, где $h$ — толщина стенки.

а) 2 мм

1. Переведем толщину стенки в сантиметры:

$h = 2 \text{ мм} = 0,2 \text{ см}$

2. Найдем внутренний радиус шара:

$r = R - h = 5 \text{ см} - 0,2 \text{ см} = 4,8 \text{ см}$

3. Рассчитаем среднюю плотность шара:

$?_{ср} = ?_{меди}\left(1 - \left(\frac{r}{R}\right)^3\right) = 8,9 \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{4,8}{5}\right)^3\right) = 8,9 \cdot (1 - 0,96^3)$

$?_{ср} = 8,9 \cdot (1 - 0,884736) = 8,9 \cdot 0,115264 \approx 1,026 \text{ г/см}^3$

4. Сравним среднюю плотность шара с плотностью воды:

$1,026 \text{ г/см}^3 > 1 \text{ г/см}^3$, то есть $?_{ср} > ?_{воды}$.

Поскольку средняя плотность шара больше плотности воды, шар утонет.

Ответ: нет, шар с толщиной стенки 2 мм в воде утонет.

б) 1,5 мм

1. Переведем толщину стенки в сантиметры:

$h = 1,5 \text{ мм} = 0,15 \text{ см}$

2. Найдем внутренний радиус шара:

$r = R - h = 5 \text{ см} - 0,15 \text{ см} = 4,85 \text{ см}$

3. Рассчитаем среднюю плотность шара:

$?_{ср} = ?_{меди}\left(1 - \left(\frac{r}{R}\right)^3\right) = 8,9 \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{4,85}{5}\right)^3\right) = 8,9 \cdot (1 - 0,97^3)$

$?_{ср} = 8,9 \cdot (1 - 0,912673) = 8,9 \cdot 0,087327 \approx 0,777 \text{ г/см}^3$

4. Сравним среднюю плотность шара с плотностью воды:

$0,777 \text{ г/см}^3 < 1 \text{ г/см}^3$, то есть $?_{ср} < ?_{воды}$.

Поскольку средняя плотность шара меньше плотности воды, шар будет плавать.

Ответ: да, шар с толщиной стенки 1,5 мм будет плавать в воде.

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