Номер 711, страница 179 - гдз по геометрии 10-11 класс учебник Атанасян, Бутузов

Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета

Авторы: Атанасян Л. С., Бутузов В. Ф., Кадомцев С. Б., Позняк Э. Г., Киселёва Л. С.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Просвещение

Год издания: 2019 - 2026

Уровень обучения: базовый и углублённый

Цвет обложки: коричневый с ромбами

ISBN: 978-5-09-103606-0 (2023)

Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации

Математика: алгебра и начала математического анализа, геометрия

Глава 7. Метод координат в пространстве. Движения. Параграф 2. Скалярное произведение векторов - номер 711, страница 179.

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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "171"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
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            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1123
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "books"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
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                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:50 [
                    "id" => 36
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124 …2}
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126 …2}
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129 …2}
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131 …2}
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137 …2}
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138 …2}
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140 …2}
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142 …2}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144 …2}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145 …2}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146 …2}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148 …2}
                    "field_publication_number" => "11"
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150 …2}
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152 …2}
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => "с ромбами"
                    "field_publication_year" => "2019"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций"
                    "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации"
                    "field_reserve_field" => "Математика: алгебра и начала математического анализа, геометрия"
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "1147"
                    "field_priority" => "12"
                    "field_default_folder" => "/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-103606-0 (2023)"
                     …15
                  ]
                  #original: array:50 [ …50]
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
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                  +timestamps: true
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                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1159
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "branches"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
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                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 744407
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Скалярное произведение векторов"
            "field_branch_order" => "2"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120}
            "field_page_start" => "171"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
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          +timestamps: true
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          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
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          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1165
      #items: array:6 [
        0 => App\Models\Element {#1179
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
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          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
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          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:7 [
            "id" => 939607
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1188
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1180
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [ …21]
                  #original: array:21 [ …21]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
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                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
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                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "745126"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p> <b>711.</b> В тетраэдре ABCD <span class="long">∠ABD = ∠ABC = ∠DBC = 90°,</span> <span class="long">AB = BD = 2,</span> <span class="long">BC = 1.</span> Вычислите синус угла между прямой, проходящей через середины рёбер AD и ВС, и плоскостью грани: <span class="long">а) ABD;</span> <span class="long">б) DBC;</span> <span class="long">в) ABC.</span> </p>"
            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "711-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1562"
                "height" => 198
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/0-00/711-1.webp?ts=1739436846"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:7 [
            "id" => 939607
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1188}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "745126"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p> <b>711.</b> В тетраэдре ABCD <span class="long">∠ABD = ∠ABC = ∠DBC = 90°,</span> <span class="long">AB = BD = 2,</span> <span class="long">BC = 1.</span> Вычислите синус угла между прямой, проходящей через середины рёбер AD и ВС, и плоскостью грани: <span class="long">а) ABD;</span> <span class="long">б) DBC;</span> <span class="long">в) ABC.</span> </p>"
            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "711-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1562"
                "height" => 198
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/0-00/711-1.webp?ts=1739436846"
              ]
            ]
          ]
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          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Element {#1210
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
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          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
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          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 942577
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1220
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1211
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [ …21]
                  #original: array:21 [ …21]
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                  #classCastCache: []
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                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "745126"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "img" => array:3 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "711-1.png"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "694"
                "height" => 3495
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/2-00/711-1.webp?ts=1739441614"
              ]
              1 => array:5 [
                "name" => "711-2.png"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "694"
                "height" => 3463
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/2-00/711-2.webp?ts=1739441614"
              ]
              2 => array:5 [
                "name" => "711-3.png"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "694"
                "height" => 3465
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/2-00/711-3.webp?ts=1739441614"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:6 [
            "id" => 942577
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1220}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "745126"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "img" => array:3 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "711-1.png"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "694"
                "height" => 3495
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/2-00/711-1.webp?ts=1739441614"
              ]
              1 => array:5 [
                "name" => "711-2.png"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "694"
                "height" => 3463
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/2-00/711-2.webp?ts=1739441614"
              ]
              2 => array:5 [
                "name" => "711-3.png"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "694"
                "height" => 3465
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/2-00/711-3.webp?ts=1739441614"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          #changes: []
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          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
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          #touches: []
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          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        2 => App\Models\Element {#1202
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 942397
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1203
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [ …21]
                  #original: array:21 [ …21]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "745126"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "img" => array:2 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "711-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1373"
                "height" => 644
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/3-00/711-1.webp?ts=1739437171"
              ]
              1 => array:5 [
                "name" => "711-2.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1373"
                "height" => 520
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/3-00/711-2.webp?ts=1739437171"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:6 [
            "id" => 942397
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "745126"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "img" => array:2 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "711-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1373"
                "height" => 644
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/3-00/711-1.webp?ts=1739437171"
              ]
              1 => array:5 [
                "name" => "711-2.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1373"
                "height" => 520
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/3-00/711-2.webp?ts=1739437171"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
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          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        3 => App\Models\Element {#1186
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 941969
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1196
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1187
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [ …21]
                  #original: array:21 [ …21]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
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                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
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                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "745126"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "img" => array:2 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "711-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1367"
                "height" => 1433
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/4-00/711-1.webp?ts=1739436713"
              ]
              1 => array:5 [
                "name" => "711-2.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1367"
                "height" => 520
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/4-00/711-2.webp?ts=1739436713"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:6 [
            "id" => 941969
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1196}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "745126"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "img" => array:2 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "711-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1367"
                "height" => 1433
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/4-00/711-1.webp?ts=1739436713"
              ]
              1 => array:5 [
                "name" => "711-2.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1367"
                "height" => 520
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/4-00/711-2.webp?ts=1739436713"
              ]
            ]
          ]
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          +timestamps: true
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          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
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          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        4 => App\Models\Element {#1194
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
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          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 942039
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1204
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1195
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [ …21]
                  #original: array:21 [ …21]
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            "text" => "<p>Для решения задачи воспользуемся методом координат. Условие $\angle ABD = \angle ABC = \angle DBC = 90^\circ$ означает, что ребра $BA, BC, BD$ попарно перпендикулярны. Это позволяет удобно расположить тетраэдр в прямоугольной системе координат.</p><p>Поместим вершину $B$ в начало координат $B(0, 0, 0)$. Направим оси координат вдоль ребер: ось $Ox$ вдоль ребра $BD$, ось $Oy$ вдоль ребра $BA$ и ось $Oz$ вдоль ребра $BC$.</p><p>С учетом заданных длин ребер $AB=2$, $BD=2$ и $BC=1$, определим координаты вершин тетраэдра:<br>$B(0, 0, 0)$<br>$A(0, 2, 0)$<br>$D(2, 0, 0)$<br>$C(0, 0, 1)$</p><p>Пусть $M$ — середина ребра $AD$, а $N$ — середина ребра $BC$. Найдем их координаты, используя формулу середины отрезка:</p><p>Координаты точки $M$: $M = (\frac{x_A+x_D}{2}, \frac{y_A+y_D}{2}, \frac{z_A+z_D}{2}) = (\frac{0+2}{2}, \frac{2+0}{2}, \frac{0+0}{2}) = (1, 1, 0)$.</p><p>Координаты точки $N$: $N = (\frac{x_B+x_C}{2}, \frac{y_B+y_C}{2}, \frac{z_B+z_C}{2}) = (\frac{0+0}{2}, \frac{0+0}{2}, \frac{0+1}{2}) = (0, 0, \frac{1}{2})$.</p><p>Теперь найдем направляющий вектор $\vec{v}$ прямой, проходящей через точки $M$ и $N$:</p><p>$\vec{v} = \vec{MN} = (x_N-x_M, y_N-y_M, z_N-z_M) = (0-1, 0-1, \frac{1}{2}-0) = (-1, -1, \frac{1}{2})$.</p><p>Вычислим длину (модуль) этого вектора:</p><p>$|\vec{v}| = |\vec{MN}| = \sqrt{(-1)^2 + (-1)^2 + (\frac{1}{2})^2} = \sqrt{1 + 1 + \frac{1}{4}} = \sqrt{\frac{9}{4}} = \frac{3}{2}$.</p><p>Синус угла $\alpha$ между прямой с направляющим вектором $\vec{v}$ и плоскостью с вектором нормали $\vec{n}$ вычисляется по формуле:</p><p>$\sin \alpha = \frac{|\vec{v} \cdot \vec{n}|}{|\vec{v}| \cdot |\vec{n}|}$</p><p><strong>а)</strong> Найдем синус угла между прямой $MN$ и плоскостью грани $ABD$.<br>Плоскость грани $ABD$ проходит через точки $A(0,2,0)$, $B(0,0,0)$ и $D(2,0,0)$. Она совпадает с координатной плоскостью $Oxy$, уравнение которой $z=0$.<br>Вектор нормали к этой плоскости $\vec{n}_a = (0, 0, 1)$. Его модуль $|\vec{n}_a| = 1$.<br>Найдем скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{v}$ и $\vec{n}_a$:<br>$\vec{v} \cdot \vec{n}_a = (-1) \cdot 0 + (-1) \cdot 0 + (\frac{1}{2}) \cdot 1 = \frac{1}{2}$.<br>Теперь вычислим синус угла:<br>$\sin \alpha_a = \frac{|\vec{v} \cdot \vec{n}_a|}{|\vec{v}| \cdot |\vec{n}_a|} = \frac{|\frac{1}{2}|}{\frac{3}{2} \cdot 1} = \frac{1/2}{3/2} = \frac{1}{3}$.<br><strong>Ответ:</strong> $\frac{1}{3}$.</p><p><strong>б)</strong> Найдем синус угла между прямой $MN$ и плоскостью грани $DBC$.<br>Плоскость грани $DBC$ проходит через точки $D(2,0,0)$, $B(0,0,0)$ и $C(0,0,1)$. Она совпадает с координатной плоскостью $Oxz$, уравнение которой $y=0$.<br>Вектор нормали к этой плоскости $\vec{n}_b = (0, 1, 0)$. Его модуль $|\vec{n}_b| = 1$.<br>Найдем скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{v}$ и $\vec{n}_b$:<br>$\vec{v} \cdot \vec{n}_b = (-1) \cdot 0 + (-1) \cdot 1 + (\frac{1}{2}) \cdot 0 = -1$.<br>Теперь вычислим синус угла:<br>$\sin \alpha_b = \frac{|\vec{v} \cdot \vec{n}_b|}{|\vec{v}| \cdot |\vec{n}_b|} = \frac{|-1|}{\frac{3}{2} \cdot 1} = \frac{1}{3/2} = \frac{2}{3}$.<br><strong>Ответ:</strong> $\frac{2}{3}$.</p><p><strong>в)</strong> Найдем синус угла между прямой $MN$ и плоскостью грани $ABC$.<br>Плоскость грани $ABC$ проходит через точки $A(0,2,0)$, $B(0,0,0)$ и $C(0,0,1)$. Она совпадает с координатной плоскостью $Oyz$, уравнение которой $x=0$.<br>Вектор нормали к этой плоскости $\vec{n}_c = (1, 0, 0)$. Его модуль $|\vec{n}_c| = 1$.<br>Найдем скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{v}$ и $\vec{n}_c$:<br>$\vec{v} \cdot \vec{n}_c = (-1) \cdot 1 + (-1) \cdot 0 + (\frac{1}{2}) \cdot 0 = -1$.<br>Теперь вычислим синус угла:<br>$\sin \alpha_c = \frac{|\vec{v} \cdot \vec{n}_c|}{|\vec{v}| \cdot |\vec{n}_c|} = \frac{|-1|}{\frac{3}{2} \cdot 1} = \frac{1}{3/2} = \frac{2}{3}$.<br><strong>Ответ:</strong> $\frac{2}{3}$.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p>Для решения задачи воспользуемся методом координат. Условие $\angle ABD = \angle ABC = \angle DBC = 90^\circ$ означает, что ребра $BA, BC, BD$ попарно перпендикулярны. Это позволяет удобно расположить тетраэдр в прямоугольной системе координат.</p><p>Поместим вершину $B$ в начало координат $B(0, 0, 0)$. Направим оси координат вдоль ребер: ось $Ox$ вдоль ребра $BD$, ось $Oy$ вдоль ребра $BA$ и ось $Oz$ вдоль ребра $BC$.</p><p>С учетом заданных длин ребер $AB=2$, $BD=2$ и $BC=1$, определим координаты вершин тетраэдра:<br>$B(0, 0, 0)$<br>$A(0, 2, 0)$<br>$D(2, 0, 0)$<br>$C(0, 0, 1)$</p><p>Пусть $M$ — середина ребра $AD$, а $N$ — середина ребра $BC$. Найдем их координаты, используя формулу середины отрезка:</p><p>Координаты точки $M$: $M = (\frac{x_A+x_D}{2}, \frac{y_A+y_D}{2}, \frac{z_A+z_D}{2}) = (\frac{0+2}{2}, \frac{2+0}{2}, \frac{0+0}{2}) = (1, 1, 0)$.</p><p>Координаты точки $N$: $N = (\frac{x_B+x_C}{2}, \frac{y_B+y_C}{2}, \frac{z_B+z_C}{2}) = (\frac{0+0}{2}, \frac{0+0}{2}, \frac{0+1}{2}) = (0, 0, \frac{1}{2})$.</p><p>Теперь найдем направляющий вектор $\vec{v}$ прямой, проходящей через точки $M$ и $N$:</p><p>$\vec{v} = \vec{MN} = (x_N-x_M, y_N-y_M, z_N-z_M) = (0-1, 0-1, \frac{1}{2}-0) = (-1, -1, \frac{1}{2})$.</p><p>Вычислим длину (модуль) этого вектора:</p><p>$|\vec{v}| = |\vec{MN}| = \sqrt{(-1)^2 + (-1)^2 + (\frac{1}{2})^2} = \sqrt{1 + 1 + \frac{1}{4}} = \sqrt{\frac{9}{4}} = \frac{3}{2}$.</p><p>Синус угла $\alpha$ между прямой с направляющим вектором $\vec{v}$ и плоскостью с вектором нормали $\vec{n}$ вычисляется по формуле:</p><p>$\sin \alpha = \frac{|\vec{v} \cdot \vec{n}|}{|\vec{v}| \cdot |\vec{n}|}$</p><p><strong>а)</strong> Найдем синус угла между прямой $MN$ и плоскостью грани $ABD$.<br>Плоскость грани $ABD$ проходит через точки $A(0,2,0)$, $B(0,0,0)$ и $D(2,0,0)$. Она совпадает с координатной плоскостью $Oxy$, уравнение которой $z=0$.<br>Вектор нормали к этой плоскости $\vec{n}_a = (0, 0, 1)$. Его модуль $|\vec{n}_a| = 1$.<br>Найдем скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{v}$ и $\vec{n}_a$:<br>$\vec{v} \cdot \vec{n}_a = (-1) \cdot 0 + (-1) \cdot 0 + (\frac{1}{2}) \cdot 1 = \frac{1}{2}$.<br>Теперь вычислим синус угла:<br>$\sin \alpha_a = \frac{|\vec{v} \cdot \vec{n}_a|}{|\vec{v}| \cdot |\vec{n}_a|} = \frac{|\frac{1}{2}|}{\frac{3}{2} \cdot 1} = \frac{1/2}{3/2} = \frac{1}{3}$.<br><strong>Ответ:</strong> $\frac{1}{3}$.</p><p><strong>б)</strong> Найдем синус угла между прямой $MN$ и плоскостью грани $DBC$.<br>Плоскость грани $DBC$ проходит через точки $D(2,0,0)$, $B(0,0,0)$ и $C(0,0,1)$. Она совпадает с координатной плоскостью $Oxz$, уравнение которой $y=0$.<br>Вектор нормали к этой плоскости $\vec{n}_b = (0, 1, 0)$. Его модуль $|\vec{n}_b| = 1$.<br>Найдем скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{v}$ и $\vec{n}_b$:<br>$\vec{v} \cdot \vec{n}_b = (-1) \cdot 0 + (-1) \cdot 1 + (\frac{1}{2}) \cdot 0 = -1$.<br>Теперь вычислим синус угла:<br>$\sin \alpha_b = \frac{|\vec{v} \cdot \vec{n}_b|}{|\vec{v}| \cdot |\vec{n}_b|} = \frac{|-1|}{\frac{3}{2} \cdot 1} = \frac{1}{3/2} = \frac{2}{3}$.<br><strong>Ответ:</strong> $\frac{2}{3}$.</p><p><strong>в)</strong> Найдем синус угла между прямой $MN$ и плоскостью грани $ABC$.<br>Плоскость грани $ABC$ проходит через точки $A(0,2,0)$, $B(0,0,0)$ и $C(0,0,1)$. Она совпадает с координатной плоскостью $Oyz$, уравнение которой $x=0$.<br>Вектор нормали к этой плоскости $\vec{n}_c = (1, 0, 0)$. Его модуль $|\vec{n}_c| = 1$.<br>Найдем скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{v}$ и $\vec{n}_c$:<br>$\vec{v} \cdot \vec{n}_c = (-1) \cdot 1 + (-1) \cdot 0 + (\frac{1}{2}) \cdot 0 = -1$.<br>Теперь вычислим синус угла:<br>$\sin \alpha_c = \frac{|\vec{v} \cdot \vec{n}_c|}{|\vec{v}| \cdot |\vec{n}_c|} = \frac{|-1|}{\frac{3}{2} \cdot 1} = \frac{1}{3/2} = \frac{2}{3}$.<br><strong>Ответ:</strong> $\frac{2}{3}$.</p>"
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                  #connection: "mysql"
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№711 (с. 179)
Условие. №711 (с. 179)
скриншот условия
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 179, номер 711, Условие

711. В тетраэдре ABCD ∠ABD = ∠ABC = ∠DBC = 90°, AB = BD = 2, BC = 1. Вычислите синус угла между прямой, проходящей через середины рёбер AD и ВС, и плоскостью грани: а) ABD; б) DBC; в) ABC.

Решение 2. №711 (с. 179)
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 179, номер 711, Решение 2
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 179, номер 711, Решение 2 (продолжение 2)
Решение 3. №711 (с. 179)
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 179, номер 711, Решение 3
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 179, номер 711, Решение 3 (продолжение 2)
Решение 4. №711 (с. 179)
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 179, номер 711, Решение 4
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 179, номер 711, Решение 4 (продолжение 2)
Решение 5. №711 (с. 179)
Решение 6. №711 (с. 179)

Для решения задачи воспользуемся методом координат. Условие $\angle ABD = \angle ABC = \angle DBC = 90^\circ$ означает, что ребра $BA, BC, BD$ попарно перпендикулярны. Это позволяет удобно расположить тетраэдр в прямоугольной системе координат.

Поместим вершину $B$ в начало координат $B(0, 0, 0)$. Направим оси координат вдоль ребер: ось $Ox$ вдоль ребра $BD$, ось $Oy$ вдоль ребра $BA$ и ось $Oz$ вдоль ребра $BC$.

С учетом заданных длин ребер $AB=2$, $BD=2$ и $BC=1$, определим координаты вершин тетраэдра:
$B(0, 0, 0)$
$A(0, 2, 0)$
$D(2, 0, 0)$
$C(0, 0, 1)$

Пусть $M$ — середина ребра $AD$, а $N$ — середина ребра $BC$. Найдем их координаты, используя формулу середины отрезка:

Координаты точки $M$: $M = (\frac{x_A+x_D}{2}, \frac{y_A+y_D}{2}, \frac{z_A+z_D}{2}) = (\frac{0+2}{2}, \frac{2+0}{2}, \frac{0+0}{2}) = (1, 1, 0)$.

Координаты точки $N$: $N = (\frac{x_B+x_C}{2}, \frac{y_B+y_C}{2}, \frac{z_B+z_C}{2}) = (\frac{0+0}{2}, \frac{0+0}{2}, \frac{0+1}{2}) = (0, 0, \frac{1}{2})$.

Теперь найдем направляющий вектор $\vec{v}$ прямой, проходящей через точки $M$ и $N$:

$\vec{v} = \vec{MN} = (x_N-x_M, y_N-y_M, z_N-z_M) = (0-1, 0-1, \frac{1}{2}-0) = (-1, -1, \frac{1}{2})$.

Вычислим длину (модуль) этого вектора:

$|\vec{v}| = |\vec{MN}| = \sqrt{(-1)^2 + (-1)^2 + (\frac{1}{2})^2} = \sqrt{1 + 1 + \frac{1}{4}} = \sqrt{\frac{9}{4}} = \frac{3}{2}$.

Синус угла $\alpha$ между прямой с направляющим вектором $\vec{v}$ и плоскостью с вектором нормали $\vec{n}$ вычисляется по формуле:

$\sin \alpha = \frac{|\vec{v} \cdot \vec{n}|}{|\vec{v}| \cdot |\vec{n}|}$

а) Найдем синус угла между прямой $MN$ и плоскостью грани $ABD$.
Плоскость грани $ABD$ проходит через точки $A(0,2,0)$, $B(0,0,0)$ и $D(2,0,0)$. Она совпадает с координатной плоскостью $Oxy$, уравнение которой $z=0$.
Вектор нормали к этой плоскости $\vec{n}_a = (0, 0, 1)$. Его модуль $|\vec{n}_a| = 1$.
Найдем скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{v}$ и $\vec{n}_a$:
$\vec{v} \cdot \vec{n}_a = (-1) \cdot 0 + (-1) \cdot 0 + (\frac{1}{2}) \cdot 1 = \frac{1}{2}$.
Теперь вычислим синус угла:
$\sin \alpha_a = \frac{|\vec{v} \cdot \vec{n}_a|}{|\vec{v}| \cdot |\vec{n}_a|} = \frac{|\frac{1}{2}|}{\frac{3}{2} \cdot 1} = \frac{1/2}{3/2} = \frac{1}{3}$.
Ответ: $\frac{1}{3}$.

б) Найдем синус угла между прямой $MN$ и плоскостью грани $DBC$.
Плоскость грани $DBC$ проходит через точки $D(2,0,0)$, $B(0,0,0)$ и $C(0,0,1)$. Она совпадает с координатной плоскостью $Oxz$, уравнение которой $y=0$.
Вектор нормали к этой плоскости $\vec{n}_b = (0, 1, 0)$. Его модуль $|\vec{n}_b| = 1$.
Найдем скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{v}$ и $\vec{n}_b$:
$\vec{v} \cdot \vec{n}_b = (-1) \cdot 0 + (-1) \cdot 1 + (\frac{1}{2}) \cdot 0 = -1$.
Теперь вычислим синус угла:
$\sin \alpha_b = \frac{|\vec{v} \cdot \vec{n}_b|}{|\vec{v}| \cdot |\vec{n}_b|} = \frac{|-1|}{\frac{3}{2} \cdot 1} = \frac{1}{3/2} = \frac{2}{3}$.
Ответ: $\frac{2}{3}$.

в) Найдем синус угла между прямой $MN$ и плоскостью грани $ABC$.
Плоскость грани $ABC$ проходит через точки $A(0,2,0)$, $B(0,0,0)$ и $C(0,0,1)$. Она совпадает с координатной плоскостью $Oyz$, уравнение которой $x=0$.
Вектор нормали к этой плоскости $\vec{n}_c = (1, 0, 0)$. Его модуль $|\vec{n}_c| = 1$.
Найдем скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{v}$ и $\vec{n}_c$:
$\vec{v} \cdot \vec{n}_c = (-1) \cdot 1 + (-1) \cdot 0 + (\frac{1}{2}) \cdot 0 = -1$.
Теперь вычислим синус угла:
$\sin \alpha_c = \frac{|\vec{v} \cdot \vec{n}_c|}{|\vec{v}| \cdot |\vec{n}_c|} = \frac{|-1|}{\frac{3}{2} \cdot 1} = \frac{1}{3/2} = \frac{2}{3}$.
Ответ: $\frac{2}{3}$.

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