Номер 5.5, страница 26 - гдз по физике 8 класс задачник Артеменков, Ломаченков

Физика, 8 класс Задачник, авторы: Артеменков Денис Александрович, Ломаченков Иван Алексеевич, Панебратцев Юрий Анатольевич, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2010

Авторы: Артеменков Д. А., Ломаченков И. А., Панебратцев Ю. А.

Тип: Задачник

Серия: сферы

Издательство: Просвещение

Год издания: 2010 - 2026

Цвет обложки: фиолетовый

ISBN: 978-5-09-046040-8

V. Электрический ток - номер 5.5, страница 26.

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                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 6688
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1093 …30}
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                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro"
                    "field_moderator" => "tolik"
                    "field_edition_type" => "solution"
                    "field_root_dir" => "1-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095
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                    "field_comment" => null
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                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097
                      #items: []
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                    "id" => 6688
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "title" => "Решение"
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                    "field_moderator" => "tolik"
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                    "field_root_dir" => "1-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095}
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096}
                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
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                  ]
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                  +timestamps: true
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                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
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              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1460195"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p><strong>Решение</strong></p><p>Да, в обоих случаях свойства элемента Вольты изменятся кардинально. Принцип действия любого гальванического элемента, включая элемент Вольты, основан на возникновении разности электрохимических потенциалов между двумя <em>различными</em> металлами (электродами), погруженными в электролит. Эта разность потенциалов создает электродвижущую силу (ЭДС), которая и является причиной возникновения электрического тока в замкнутой цепи.</p><p><strong>Если его медный электрод заменить цинковым</strong></p><p>В этом случае оба электрода в элементе будут цинковыми. Поскольку электроды изготовлены из одного и того же металла, разность потенциалов между ними будет равна нулю ($ЭДС = 0$). Без разности потенциалов элемент не сможет создавать электрический ток. Таким образом, он перестанет функционировать как источник питания.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Да, свойства элемента изменятся — он перестанет быть источником электрического тока.</p><p><strong>Если цинковый электрод заменить медным</strong></p><p>В этом случае оба электрода окажутся медными. Как и в предыдущем сценарии, между двумя одинаковыми электродами разность потенциалов отсутствует ($ЭДС = 0$). Элемент Вольты потеряет свое основное свойство — способность генерировать электрический ток.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Да, свойства элемента изменятся — он перестанет быть источником электрического тока.</p>"
          ]
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            "id" => 1821800
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1460195"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p><strong>Решение</strong></p><p>Да, в обоих случаях свойства элемента Вольты изменятся кардинально. Принцип действия любого гальванического элемента, включая элемент Вольты, основан на возникновении разности электрохимических потенциалов между двумя <em>различными</em> металлами (электродами), погруженными в электролит. Эта разность потенциалов создает электродвижущую силу (ЭДС), которая и является причиной возникновения электрического тока в замкнутой цепи.</p><p><strong>Если его медный электрод заменить цинковым</strong></p><p>В этом случае оба электрода в элементе будут цинковыми. Поскольку электроды изготовлены из одного и того же металла, разность потенциалов между ними будет равна нулю ($ЭДС = 0$). Без разности потенциалов элемент не сможет создавать электрический ток. Таким образом, он перестанет функционировать как источник питания.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Да, свойства элемента изменятся — он перестанет быть источником электрического тока.</p><p><strong>Если цинковый электрод заменить медным</strong></p><p>В этом случае оба электрода окажутся медными. Как и в предыдущем сценарии, между двумя одинаковыми электродами разность потенциалов отсутствует ($ЭДС = 0$). Элемент Вольты потеряет свое основное свойство — способность генерировать электрический ток.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Да, свойства элемента изменятся — он перестанет быть источником электрического тока.</p>"
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    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123
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        0 => App\Models\Book {#1080
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          #attributes: array:50 [
            "id" => 1646
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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            "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072
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                  +exists: true
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                  #attributes: array:10 [
                    "id" => 6493
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Физика"
                    "field_abbreviated_name" => null
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "физику"
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                      "field_prepositional_case" => "физике"
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                    "field_short_name" => null
                    "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject"
                    "field_translit" => "fizika"
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                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Физика"
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                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
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                    0 => "*"
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              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1078
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
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                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 5457
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "8"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "восьмой"
                      "field_creative_case" => "восьмым"
                      "field_dative_case" => "восьмому"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "восьмого"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "восьмой"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "восьмом"
                    ]
                    "field_translit" => "vosmoj"
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 5457
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "8"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "восьмой"
                      "field_creative_case" => "восьмым"
                      "field_dative_case" => "восьмому"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "восьмого"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "восьмой"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "восьмом"
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                    "field_translit" => "vosmoj"
                  ]
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              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076
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                0 => App\Models\Term {#1079
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
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                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 5153
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Просвещение"
                    "field_cases" => null
                    "field_translit" => "prosveschenie"
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                  #original: array:6 [
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
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                    "field_translit" => "prosveschenie"
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                    0 => "*"
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              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077
              #items: array:3 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1098
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:12 [
                    "id" => 3745
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Артеменков"
                    "field_bio" => null
                    "field_degree_rp" => null
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                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
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                    "field_name" => "Денис"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Александрович"
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                  #original: array:12 [
                    "id" => 3745
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Артеменков"
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                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Денис"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Александрович"
                    "field_surname_rp" => null
                  ]
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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                1 => App\Models\Term {#1099
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:12 [
                    "id" => 5014
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
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                    "field_bio" => null
                    "field_degree_rp" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Иван"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Алексеевич"
                    "field_surname_rp" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:12 [
                    "id" => 5014
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Ломаченков"
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                    "field_name" => "Иван"
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                    0 => "*"
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                }
                2 => App\Models\Term {#1101
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
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                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:12 [
                    "id" => 5412
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Панебратцев"
                    "field_bio" => null
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                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Юрий"
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                    "field_name" => "Юрий"
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              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1104
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
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                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:10 [
                    "id" => 6518
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Задачник"
                    "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "задачник"
                      "field_creative_case" => "задачником"
                      "field_dative_case" => "задачнику"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "задачника"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "задачник"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "задачнике"
                    ]
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                    "field_translit" => "zadachnik"
                  ]
                  #original: array:10 [
                    "id" => 6518
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Задачник"
                    "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "задачник"
                      "field_creative_case" => "задачником"
                      "field_dative_case" => "задачнику"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "задачника"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "задачник"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "задачнике"
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                    "field_plural_form" => null
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                    "field_translit" => "zadachnik"
                  ]
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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1106
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
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                    "id" => 9
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    ]
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                  ]
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                    0 => "*"
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              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1108
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
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                  #withCount: []
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
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                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
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                    ]
                    "field_translit" => "moskva"
                  ]
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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1110
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:8 [
                    "id" => 4795
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "сферы"
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                    "field_foreign_lang_series" => null
                    "field_transcription_eng" => null
                    "field_translit" => "sfery"
                  ]
                  #original: array:8 [
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "сферы"
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                    "field_transcription_eng" => null
                    "field_translit" => "sfery"
                  ]
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                  #visible: []
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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_publication_number" => "5"
            "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1101}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
            "field_cover_description" => null
            "field_publication_year" => "2010"
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            "field_part" => ""
            "field_part_writing" => ""
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            "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие для общеобразовательных организаций"
            "field_allowed" => null
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            "field_tasks_count" => "308"
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            "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/"
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            "field_cover" => array:1 [
              0 => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760136860"
            ]
            "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
              0 => ""
            ]
            "field_covers" => array:1 [
              0 => array:4 [
                "path" => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760136860"
                "alt" => ""
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              ]
            ]
            "field_popular_book" => "0"
            "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1116
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik"
            "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1120
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 48
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                      "field_prepositional_case" => null
                    ]
                    "field_translit" => "fioletovyy"
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 48
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "фиолетовый"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
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                    ]
                    "field_translit" => "fioletovyy"
                  ]
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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
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            "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
              "class" => 379
              "subject" => 556
              "class_subject" => 492
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:50 [
            "id" => 1646
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
            "field_pages_status" => null
            "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072}
            "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082}
            "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076}
            "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077}
            "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102}
            "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103}
            "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105}
            "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107}
            "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109}
            "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111}
            "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112}
            "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113}
            "field_publication_number" => "5"
            "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114}
            "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115}
            "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
            "field_cover_description" => null
            "field_publication_year" => "2010"
            "field_publication_year_until" => null
            "field_part" => ""
            "field_part_writing" => ""
            "field_second_foreign_language" => null
            "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие для общеобразовательных организаций"
            "field_allowed" => null
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            "field_link_to_source" => null
            "field_tasks_count" => "308"
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            "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/"
            "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-046040-8"
            "field_cover" => array:1 [
              0 => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760136860"
            ]
            "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
              0 => ""
            ]
            "field_covers" => array:1 [
              0 => array:4 [
                "path" => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760136860"
                "alt" => ""
                "width" => "1891"
                "height" => "2427"
              ]
            ]
            "field_popular_book" => "0"
            "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1116}
            "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117}
            "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118}
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik"
            "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119}
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
              "class" => 379
              "subject" => 556
              "class_subject" => 492
            ]
          ]
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          #visible: []
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            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1127
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "book_pages"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:21 [
            "id" => 1462323
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "26"
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/page-26"
            "field_display_title" => "26"
            "field_folder" => "1"
            "field_image_name" => "26"
            "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_weight" => "0"
            "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1080}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Element {#1140
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "elements"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 1753884
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Edition {#1084}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "book_page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1462323"
                      "type" => "book_page"
                    ]
                    "img" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:5 [
                        "name" => "26-1.jpg"
                        "alt" => null
                        "width" => "1994"
                        "height" => 2505
                        "path" => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/0-1/26-1.webp?ts=1760705538"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 1753884
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142}
                    "book_page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1462323"
                      "type" => "book_page"
                    ]
                    "img" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:5 [
                        "name" => "26-1.jpg"
                        "alt" => null
                        "width" => "1994"
                        "height" => 2505
                        "path" => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/0-1/26-1.webp?ts=1760705538"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
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                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
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                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1462324"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1462322"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1342
              #items: array:8 [
                0 => App\Models\Task {#1356
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1460191
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "26"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/05-1"
                    "field_display_title" => "5.1"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1357
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1036}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
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                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_match" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1358
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1359
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1360
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1371
                      #items: array:2 [
                        0 => App\Models\Element {#1379 …30}
                        1 => App\Models\Element {#1381 …30}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "next" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1460192"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "previous" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1460190"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1376
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Book {#1080}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1462323"
                      "type" => "book_page"
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1460191
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "26"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/05-1"
                    "field_display_title" => "5.1"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1357}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_match" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1358}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1359}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1360}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1371}
                    "next" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1460192"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "previous" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1460190"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1376}
                    "page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1462323"
                      "type" => "book_page"
                    ]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
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                  #dispatchesEvents: []
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                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                1 => App\Models\Task {#1361
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1460192
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "26"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/05-2"
                    "field_display_title" => "5.2"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1363
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1036}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
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                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1368
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1367
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1383
                      #items: array:2 [
                        0 => App\Models\Element {#1391 …30}
                        1 => App\Models\Element {#1393 …30}
                      ]
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                    }
                    "next" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1460193"
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                    "previous" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1460191"
                      "type" => "task"
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                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1388
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Book {#1080}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "page" => array:2 [
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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                2 => App\Models\Task {#1366
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
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                  #perPage: 15
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1460193
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1365
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1036}
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                    }
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                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1372
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                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1374
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1395
                      #items: array:2 [ …2]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
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                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1400
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                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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                    0 => "*"
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                }
                3 => App\Models\Task {#1378
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
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                  #perPage: 15
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1460194
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "field_display_title" => "5.4"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1369
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
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                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1370
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1384
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1386
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1407
                      #items: array:2 [ …2]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
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                      "refs" => "1460193"
                      "type" => "task"
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                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1412
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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                    "page" => array:2 [
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                    0 => "*"
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                }
                4 => App\Models\Task {#1390
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1375
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1373
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1396
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1398
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1402
                      #items: array:2 [ …2]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
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                      "refs" => "1460196"
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                      "refs" => "1460194"
                      "type" => "task"
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                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1385
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1462323"
                      "type" => "book_page"
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                  ]
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                    "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/05-5"
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                    0 => "*"
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                }
                5 => App\Models\Task {#1387
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
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                  #perPage: 15
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1460196
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "field_display_title" => "5.6"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1397
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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                    "field_metatags_title" => null
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                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1399
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1414
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1410
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1426
                      #items: array:2 [ …2]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
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                      "refs" => "1460195"
                      "type" => "task"
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                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1431
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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                    "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/05-6"
                    "field_display_title" => "5.6"
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                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1397}
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                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1410}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1426}
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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                6 => App\Models\Task {#1408
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
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                  #perPage: 15
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                  #attributes: array:24 [
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1409
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1423
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                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1422
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                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1438
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                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1443
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                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                7 => App\Models\Task {#1421
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1460198
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "26"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/05-8"
                    "field_display_title" => "5.8"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1420
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_match" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1419
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1427
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1429
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1450
                      #items: array:2 [ …2]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "next" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1460199"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "previous" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1460197"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1455
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1462323"
                      "type" => "book_page"
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1460198
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "26"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/05-8"
                    "field_display_title" => "5.8"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1420}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_match" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1419}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1427}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1429}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1450}
                    "next" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1460199"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "previous" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1460197"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1455}
                    "page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1462323"
                      "type" => "book_page"
                    ]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:21 [
            "id" => 1462323
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "26"
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/page-26"
            "field_display_title" => "26"
            "field_folder" => "1"
            "field_image_name" => "26"
            "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129}
            "field_weight" => "0"
            "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130}
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131}
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141}
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1462324"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1462322"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1342}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
  ]
  #original: array:24 [
    "id" => 1460195
    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
    "updated_at" => null
    "field_page_start" => "26"
    "field_page_end" => null
    "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/05-5"
    "field_display_title" => "5.5"
    "field_outside_task" => null
    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037}
    "field_metatags_title" => null
    "field_metatags_description" => null
    "field_h1" => null
    "field_description_top" => null
    "field_description_bottom" => null
    "field_match" => null
    "breadcrumbs" => []
    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035}
    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073}
    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071}
    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074}
    "next" => array:2 [
      "refs" => "1460196"
      "type" => "task"
    ]
    "previous" => array:2 [
      "refs" => "1460194"
      "type" => "task"
    ]
    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123}
    "page" => array:2 [
      "refs" => "1462323"
      "type" => "book_page"
    ]
  ]
  #changes: []
  #casts: []
  #classCastCache: []
  #attributeCastCache: []
  #dateFormat: null
  #appends: []
  #dispatchesEvents: []
  #observables: []
  #relations: []
  #touches: []
  +timestamps: true
  +usesUniqueIds: false
  #hidden: []
  #visible: []
  #fillable: []
  #guarded: array:1 [
    0 => "*"
  ]
}
№5.5 (с. 26)
Условие. №5.5 (с. 26)
скриншот условия
Физика, 8 класс Задачник, авторы: Артеменков Денис Александрович, Ломаченков Иван Алексеевич, Панебратцев Юрий Анатольевич, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2010, страница 26, номер 5.5, Условие

5.5 Изменятся ли свойства элемента Вольты, если его медный электрод заменить цинковым или цинковый заменить медным?

Решение. №5.5 (с. 26)

Решение

Да, в обоих случаях свойства элемента Вольты изменятся кардинально. Принцип действия любого гальванического элемента, включая элемент Вольты, основан на возникновении разности электрохимических потенциалов между двумя различными металлами (электродами), погруженными в электролит. Эта разность потенциалов создает электродвижущую силу (ЭДС), которая и является причиной возникновения электрического тока в замкнутой цепи.

Если его медный электрод заменить цинковым

В этом случае оба электрода в элементе будут цинковыми. Поскольку электроды изготовлены из одного и того же металла, разность потенциалов между ними будет равна нулю ($ЭДС = 0$). Без разности потенциалов элемент не сможет создавать электрический ток. Таким образом, он перестанет функционировать как источник питания.

Ответ: Да, свойства элемента изменятся — он перестанет быть источником электрического тока.

Если цинковый электрод заменить медным

В этом случае оба электрода окажутся медными. Как и в предыдущем сценарии, между двумя одинаковыми электродами разность потенциалов отсутствует ($ЭДС = 0$). Элемент Вольты потеряет свое основное свойство — способность генерировать электрический ток.

Ответ: Да, свойства элемента изменятся — он перестанет быть источником электрического тока.

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