Номер 22.12, страница 121 - гдз по алгебре 10 класс учебник Абылкасымова, Жумагулова

Алгебра, 10 класс Учебник, авторы: Абылкасымова Алма Есимбековна, Жумагулова Зауре Абдыкеновна, издательство Мектеп, Алматы, 2019

Авторы: Абылкасымова А. Е., Жумагулова З. А.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Мектеп

Год издания: 2019 - 2026

ISBN: 978-601-07-1142-6

Утверждено Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан

Глава 6. Применение производной. Параграф 22. Наибольшее и наименьшее значения функции на отрезке - номер 22.12, страница 121.

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                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 6996
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Мектеп"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "mektep"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 6996
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Мектеп"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "mektep"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122
                      #items: array:2 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1123
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 6997
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Абылкасымова"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Алма"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Есимбековна"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 6997
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Абылкасымова"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Алма"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Есимбековна"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                        1 => App\Models\Term {#1124
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 6999
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Жумагулова"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Зауре"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Абдыкеновна"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 6999
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Жумагулова"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Зауре"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Абдыкеновна"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1127
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6671
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Учебник"
                            "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_plural_form" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                            "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                          ]
                          #original: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6671
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Учебник"
                            "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_plural_form" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                            "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1129
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 6994
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Казахстан"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "kazakhstan"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 6994
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Казахстан"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "kazakhstan"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1131
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 6995
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Алматы"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "almaty"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 6995
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Алматы"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "almaty"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_publication_number" => null
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => null
                    "field_publication_year" => "2019"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 10 класса общественно-гуманитарного направления общеобразовательных школ"
                    "field_allowed" => "Утверждено Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан"
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "514"
                    "field_priority" => "2"
                    "field_default_folder" => "/algebra_10/Abylkasymova-u/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-601-07-1142-6"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/algebra_10/Abylkasymova-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1752146622"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/algebra_10/Abylkasymova-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1752146622"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "1940"
                        "height" => "2895"
                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => null
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/algebra/abylkasymova-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 381
                      "subject" => 542
                      "class_subject" => 387
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:50 [
                    "id" => 4293
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117}
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118}
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120}
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122}
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125}
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126}
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128}
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135}
                    "field_publication_number" => null
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136}
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137}
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => null
                    "field_publication_year" => "2019"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 10 класса общественно-гуманитарного направления общеобразовательных школ"
                    "field_allowed" => "Утверждено Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан"
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "514"
                    "field_priority" => "2"
                    "field_default_folder" => "/algebra_10/Abylkasymova-u/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-601-07-1142-6"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/algebra_10/Abylkasymova-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1752146622"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/algebra_10/Abylkasymova-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1752146622"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "1940"
                        "height" => "2895"
                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => null
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138}
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139}
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140}
                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/algebra/abylkasymova-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 381
                      "subject" => 542
                      "class_subject" => 387
                    ]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1113580
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Применение производной"
            "field_branch_order" => "6"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1116}
            "field_page_start" => "106"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1143
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1113584
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Наибольшее и наименьшее значения функции на отрезке"
            "field_branch_order" => "22"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1145
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
                  #original: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "118"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1115}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1113584
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Наибольшее и наименьшее значения функции на отрезке"
            "field_branch_order" => "22"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148}
            "field_page_start" => "118"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>22.12. a)</strong> Число 18 разложите на два слагаемых так, чтобы сумма удвоенного одного слагаемого и квадрата другого слагаемого была наименьшей;</p><p><strong>б)</strong> число 16 разложите на два слагаемых так, чтобы сумма их квадратов была наименьшей.</p>"
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            "task" => array:2 [
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            "text" => "<p><strong>22.12. a)</strong> Число 18 разложите на два слагаемых так, чтобы сумма удвоенного одного слагаемого и квадрата другого слагаемого была наименьшей;</p><p><strong>б)</strong> число 16 разложите на два слагаемых так, чтобы сумма их квадратов была наименьшей.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>а)</strong> Пусть искомые слагаемые равны $x$ и $y$. По условию, их сумма равна 18: $x + y = 18$.</p><p>Отсюда можно выразить одно слагаемое через другое: $y = 18 - x$.</p><p>Нужно минимизировать сумму удвоенного одного слагаемого и квадрата другого. Обозначим эту сумму $S$. Возможны два случая.</p><p><em>Случай 1:</em> Удваивается слагаемое $x$, а слагаемое $y$ возводится в квадрат.</p><p>Сумма выражается функцией: $S_1(x) = 2x + y^2 = 2x + (18 - x)^2$.</p><p>Раскрыв скобки, получаем: $S_1(x) = 2x + 324 - 36x + x^2 = x^2 - 34x + 324$.</p><p>Это квадратичная функция, график которой — парабола с ветвями вверх. Минимум такой функции достигается в вершине. Абсцисса вершины вычисляется по формуле $x_0 = -b / (2a)$.</p><p>$x_0 = -(-34) / (2 \cdot 1) = 17$.</p><p>Следовательно, первое слагаемое $x=17$, а второе слагаемое $y = 18 - 17 = 1$. Слагаемые — 17 и 1.</p><p><em>Случай 2:</em> Слагаемое $x$ возводится в квадрат, а слагаемое $y$ удваивается.</p><p>Сумма выражается функцией: $S_2(x) = x^2 + 2y = x^2 + 2(18 - x)$.</p><p>Раскрыв скобки, получаем: $S_2(x) = x^2 + 36 - 2x = x^2 - 2x + 36$.</p><p>Это также парабола с ветвями вверх. Абсцисса вершины: $x_0 = -b / (2a) = -(-2) / (2 \cdot 1) = 1$.</p><p>Следовательно, первое слагаемое $x=1$, а второе слагаемое $y = 18 - 1 = 17$. Слагаемые — 1 и 17.</p><p>Оба случая приводят к одной и той же паре чисел.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 1 и 17.</p><p><strong>б)</strong> Пусть искомые слагаемые равны $x$ и $y$. По условию, их сумма равна 16: $x + y = 16$.</p><p>Отсюда выразим $y = 16 - x$.</p><p>Нужно минимизировать сумму их квадратов $S = x^2 + y^2$.</p><p>Подставим $y = 16 - x$ в выражение для $S$ и получим функцию от $x$:</p><p>$S(x) = x^2 + (16 - x)^2 = x^2 + 256 - 32x + x^2 = 2x^2 - 32x + 256$.</p><p>Это квадратичная функция, график которой — парабола с ветвями вверх. Её наименьшее значение находится в вершине.</p><p>Абсцисса вершины вычисляется по формуле $x_0 = -b / (2a)$. Для нашей функции $a=2$, $b=-32$.</p><p>$x_0 = -(-32) / (2 \cdot 2) = 32 / 4 = 8$.</p><p>Таким образом, одно слагаемое равно 8. Найдём второе:</p><p>$y = 16 - x = 16 - 8 = 8$.</p><p>Следовательно, чтобы сумма квадратов была наименьшей, число 16 нужно разложить на два равных слагаемых.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 8 и 8.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>а)</strong> Пусть искомые слагаемые равны $x$ и $y$. По условию, их сумма равна 18: $x + y = 18$.</p><p>Отсюда можно выразить одно слагаемое через другое: $y = 18 - x$.</p><p>Нужно минимизировать сумму удвоенного одного слагаемого и квадрата другого. Обозначим эту сумму $S$. Возможны два случая.</p><p><em>Случай 1:</em> Удваивается слагаемое $x$, а слагаемое $y$ возводится в квадрат.</p><p>Сумма выражается функцией: $S_1(x) = 2x + y^2 = 2x + (18 - x)^2$.</p><p>Раскрыв скобки, получаем: $S_1(x) = 2x + 324 - 36x + x^2 = x^2 - 34x + 324$.</p><p>Это квадратичная функция, график которой — парабола с ветвями вверх. Минимум такой функции достигается в вершине. Абсцисса вершины вычисляется по формуле $x_0 = -b / (2a)$.</p><p>$x_0 = -(-34) / (2 \cdot 1) = 17$.</p><p>Следовательно, первое слагаемое $x=17$, а второе слагаемое $y = 18 - 17 = 1$. Слагаемые — 17 и 1.</p><p><em>Случай 2:</em> Слагаемое $x$ возводится в квадрат, а слагаемое $y$ удваивается.</p><p>Сумма выражается функцией: $S_2(x) = x^2 + 2y = x^2 + 2(18 - x)$.</p><p>Раскрыв скобки, получаем: $S_2(x) = x^2 + 36 - 2x = x^2 - 2x + 36$.</p><p>Это также парабола с ветвями вверх. Абсцисса вершины: $x_0 = -b / (2a) = -(-2) / (2 \cdot 1) = 1$.</p><p>Следовательно, первое слагаемое $x=1$, а второе слагаемое $y = 18 - 1 = 17$. Слагаемые — 1 и 17.</p><p>Оба случая приводят к одной и той же паре чисел.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 1 и 17.</p><p><strong>б)</strong> Пусть искомые слагаемые равны $x$ и $y$. По условию, их сумма равна 16: $x + y = 16$.</p><p>Отсюда выразим $y = 16 - x$.</p><p>Нужно минимизировать сумму их квадратов $S = x^2 + y^2$.</p><p>Подставим $y = 16 - x$ в выражение для $S$ и получим функцию от $x$:</p><p>$S(x) = x^2 + (16 - x)^2 = x^2 + 256 - 32x + x^2 = 2x^2 - 32x + 256$.</p><p>Это квадратичная функция, график которой — парабола с ветвями вверх. Её наименьшее значение находится в вершине.</p><p>Абсцисса вершины вычисляется по формуле $x_0 = -b / (2a)$. Для нашей функции $a=2$, $b=-32$.</p><p>$x_0 = -(-32) / (2 \cdot 2) = 32 / 4 = 8$.</p><p>Таким образом, одно слагаемое равно 8. Найдём второе:</p><p>$y = 16 - x = 16 - 8 = 8$.</p><p>Следовательно, чтобы сумма квадратов была наименьшей, число 16 нужно разложить на два равных слагаемых.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 8 и 8.</p>"
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№22.12 (с. 121)
Условие. №22.12 (с. 121)
скриншот условия
Алгебра, 10 класс Учебник, авторы: Абылкасымова Алма Есимбековна, Жумагулова Зауре Абдыкеновна, издательство Мектеп, Алматы, 2019, страница 121, номер 22.12, Условие

22.12. a) Число 18 разложите на два слагаемых так, чтобы сумма удвоенного одного слагаемого и квадрата другого слагаемого была наименьшей;

б) число 16 разложите на два слагаемых так, чтобы сумма их квадратов была наименьшей.

Решение. №22.12 (с. 121)
Алгебра, 10 класс Учебник, авторы: Абылкасымова Алма Есимбековна, Жумагулова Зауре Абдыкеновна, издательство Мектеп, Алматы, 2019, страница 121, номер 22.12, Решение
Решение 2. №22.12 (с. 121)

а) Пусть искомые слагаемые равны $x$ и $y$. По условию, их сумма равна 18: $x + y = 18$.

Отсюда можно выразить одно слагаемое через другое: $y = 18 - x$.

Нужно минимизировать сумму удвоенного одного слагаемого и квадрата другого. Обозначим эту сумму $S$. Возможны два случая.

Случай 1: Удваивается слагаемое $x$, а слагаемое $y$ возводится в квадрат.

Сумма выражается функцией: $S_1(x) = 2x + y^2 = 2x + (18 - x)^2$.

Раскрыв скобки, получаем: $S_1(x) = 2x + 324 - 36x + x^2 = x^2 - 34x + 324$.

Это квадратичная функция, график которой — парабола с ветвями вверх. Минимум такой функции достигается в вершине. Абсцисса вершины вычисляется по формуле $x_0 = -b / (2a)$.

$x_0 = -(-34) / (2 \cdot 1) = 17$.

Следовательно, первое слагаемое $x=17$, а второе слагаемое $y = 18 - 17 = 1$. Слагаемые — 17 и 1.

Случай 2: Слагаемое $x$ возводится в квадрат, а слагаемое $y$ удваивается.

Сумма выражается функцией: $S_2(x) = x^2 + 2y = x^2 + 2(18 - x)$.

Раскрыв скобки, получаем: $S_2(x) = x^2 + 36 - 2x = x^2 - 2x + 36$.

Это также парабола с ветвями вверх. Абсцисса вершины: $x_0 = -b / (2a) = -(-2) / (2 \cdot 1) = 1$.

Следовательно, первое слагаемое $x=1$, а второе слагаемое $y = 18 - 1 = 17$. Слагаемые — 1 и 17.

Оба случая приводят к одной и той же паре чисел.

Ответ: 1 и 17.

б) Пусть искомые слагаемые равны $x$ и $y$. По условию, их сумма равна 16: $x + y = 16$.

Отсюда выразим $y = 16 - x$.

Нужно минимизировать сумму их квадратов $S = x^2 + y^2$.

Подставим $y = 16 - x$ в выражение для $S$ и получим функцию от $x$:

$S(x) = x^2 + (16 - x)^2 = x^2 + 256 - 32x + x^2 = 2x^2 - 32x + 256$.

Это квадратичная функция, график которой — парабола с ветвями вверх. Её наименьшее значение находится в вершине.

Абсцисса вершины вычисляется по формуле $x_0 = -b / (2a)$. Для нашей функции $a=2$, $b=-32$.

$x_0 = -(-32) / (2 \cdot 2) = 32 / 4 = 8$.

Таким образом, одно слагаемое равно 8. Найдём второе:

$y = 16 - x = 16 - 8 = 8$.

Следовательно, чтобы сумма квадратов была наименьшей, число 16 нужно разложить на два равных слагаемых.

Ответ: 8 и 8.

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