Номер 5.37, страница 32 - гдз по физике 9 класс задачник Артеменков, Ломаченков

Физика, 9 класс Задачник, авторы: Артеменков Денис Александрович, Ломаченков Иван Алексеевич, Панебратцев Юрий Анатольевич, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2011

Авторы: Артеменков Д. А., Ломаченков И. А., Панебратцев Ю. А.

Тип: Задачник

Серия: сферы

Издательство: Просвещение

Год издания: 2011 - 2026

Цвет обложки: синий

ISBN: 978-5-09-038216-8

V. Геометрическая оптика - номер 5.37, страница 32.

App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php
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                      ]
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1065
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                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1067
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
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                            "id" => 4795
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                          ]
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                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "сферы"
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                    }
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                    }
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070
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                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_publication_number" => "2"
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1072
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
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                            "id" => 37
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "pererabotannoe i dopolnennoe"
                          ]
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                            "id" => 37
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
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                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "pererabotannoe i dopolnennoe"
                          ]
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                          #dateFormat: null
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                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1058}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
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                    ]
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                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => "0"
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1078
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
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                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 49
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "siniy"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 49
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "синий"
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                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "siniy"
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                          ]
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                      ]
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                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
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                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 380
                      "subject" => 556
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                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:50 [
                    "id" => 2549
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
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                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050}
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051}
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053}
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055}
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059}
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                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062}
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064}
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                    "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/artemenkov-z/"
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                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/fizika_09/artemenkov-z/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1758483621"
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                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
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            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079
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              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
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            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
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            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047}
            "field_page_start" => "27"
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            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079}
          ]
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            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034
      #items: array:2 [
        0 => App\Models\Element {#1085
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          #primaryKey: "id"
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          #withCount: []
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          #attributes: array:7 [
            "id" => 1673872
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094
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                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1086
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
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                  #attributes: array:21 [
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1087 …30}
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                    }
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
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                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
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                    "field_edition_type" => "statement"
                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089
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                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090
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                    }
                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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                    "field_content_source" => null
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                  #original: array:21 [
                    "id" => 5990
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => "image"
                    "field_content_text_checked" => null
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
                    "field_moderator" => "stas"
                    "field_edition_type" => "statement"
                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089}
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090}
                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091}
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
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                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1424254"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p><strong>5.37</strong> В очках или без очков должны смотреть в микроскоп люди, имеющие дефекты зрения? Ответ поясните.</p>"
            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "37-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1729"
                "height" => 210
                "path" => "/media/fizika_09/artemenkov-z/0-5/37-1.webp?ts=1758726415"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:7 [
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            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1424254"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p><strong>5.37</strong> В очках или без очков должны смотреть в микроскоп люди, имеющие дефекты зрения? Ответ поясните.</p>"
            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
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                "width" => "1729"
                "height" => 210
                "path" => "/media/fizika_09/artemenkov-z/0-5/37-1.webp?ts=1758726415"
              ]
            ]
          ]
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            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Element {#1092
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
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          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1093
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                  #table: "editions"
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                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
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                    "id" => 6166
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                    "field_moderator" => "tolik"
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                    0 => "*"
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            "text" => "<strong>Решение</strong><p>Ответ на этот вопрос зависит от конкретного типа дефекта зрения.</p><p>Для людей с близорукостью (миопией) или дальнозоркостью (гиперметропией) удобнее и правильнее работать с микроскопом без очков. Эти дефекты зрения связаны с тем, что оптическая система глаза фокусирует изображение не на сетчатке, а перед ней или за ней. Микроскоп имеет механизм фокусировки (фокусировочные винты), который позволяет изменять ход лучей, выходящих из окуляра. Путем настройки фокуса можно скомпенсировать недостаток рефракции глаза и добиться того, чтобы конечное изображение формировалось четко на сетчатке. Работа без очков также позволяет расположить глаз ближе к окуляру, чтобы видеть полное поле зрения, и исключает риск поцарапать линзы очков и окуляра.</p><p>Для людей с астигматизмом необходимо смотреть в микроскоп в очках или контактных линзах. Астигматизм вызван несферической формой роговицы или хрусталика, из-за чего преломляющая сила глаза различна в разных плоскостях. Стандартный механизм фокусировки микроскопа не может исправить этот дефект, так как он симметричен относительно оптической оси и не может компенсировать разницу в преломлении по разным направлениям. Для коррекции астигматизма требуются специальные цилиндрические линзы, которые содержатся в очках или контактных линзах. Без них изображение в микроскопе для человека с астигматизмом останется размытым и искаженным вне зависимости от настройки фокуса.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Люди с близорукостью или дальнозоркостью должны смотреть в микроскоп без очков, так как эти дефекты компенсируются настройкой фокуса самого прибора. Люди, страдающие астигматизмом, должны смотреть в микроскоп в очках (или контактных линзах), поскольку микроскоп не может скомпенсировать этот вид дефекта зрения.</p>"
          ]
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            "id" => 1695414
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1424254"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<strong>Решение</strong><p>Ответ на этот вопрос зависит от конкретного типа дефекта зрения.</p><p>Для людей с близорукостью (миопией) или дальнозоркостью (гиперметропией) удобнее и правильнее работать с микроскопом без очков. Эти дефекты зрения связаны с тем, что оптическая система глаза фокусирует изображение не на сетчатке, а перед ней или за ней. Микроскоп имеет механизм фокусировки (фокусировочные винты), который позволяет изменять ход лучей, выходящих из окуляра. Путем настройки фокуса можно скомпенсировать недостаток рефракции глаза и добиться того, чтобы конечное изображение формировалось четко на сетчатке. Работа без очков также позволяет расположить глаз ближе к окуляру, чтобы видеть полное поле зрения, и исключает риск поцарапать линзы очков и окуляра.</p><p>Для людей с астигматизмом необходимо смотреть в микроскоп в очках или контактных линзах. Астигматизм вызван несферической формой роговицы или хрусталика, из-за чего преломляющая сила глаза различна в разных плоскостях. Стандартный механизм фокусировки микроскопа не может исправить этот дефект, так как он симметричен относительно оптической оси и не может компенсировать разницу в преломлении по разным направлениям. Для коррекции астигматизма требуются специальные цилиндрические линзы, которые содержатся в очках или контактных линзах. Без них изображение в микроскопе для человека с астигматизмом останется размытым и искаженным вне зависимости от настройки фокуса.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Люди с близорукостью или дальнозоркостью должны смотреть в микроскоп без очков, так как эти дефекты компенсируются настройкой фокуса самого прибора. Люди, страдающие астигматизмом, должны смотреть в микроскоп в очках (или контактных линзах), поскольку микроскоп не может скомпенсировать этот вид дефекта зрения.</p>"
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    "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043
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        0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1080
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            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103
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            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Element {#1112
                  #connection: "mysql"
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                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
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                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 1674192
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Edition {#1086}
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                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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                    "book_page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424382"
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                    "img" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:5 [
                        "name" => "32-1.jpg"
                        "alt" => null
                        "width" => "1994"
                        "height" => 2505
                        "path" => "/media/fizika_09/artemenkov-z/0-1/32-1.webp?ts=1758727978"
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                    "id" => 1674192
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114}
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                      "refs" => "1424382"
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                    "img" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:5 [
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                        "width" => "1994"
                        "height" => 2505
                        "path" => "/media/fizika_09/artemenkov-z/0-1/32-1.webp?ts=1758727978"
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              "type" => "book_page"
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            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1424381"
              "type" => "book_page"
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            "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168
              #items: array:9 [
                0 => App\Models\Task {#1184
                  #connection: "mysql"
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                  #keyType: "int"
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
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                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/5-34"
                    "field_display_title" => "5.34"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185
                      #items: array:1 [
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                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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                    "field_metatags_title" => null
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                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1188
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190
                      #items: array:2 [
                        0 => App\Models\Element {#1199 …30}
                        1 => App\Models\Element {#1201 …30}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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                    "next" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424252"
                      "type" => "task"
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                    "previous" => array:2 [
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                      "type" => "task"
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                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1196
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Book {#1048}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "page" => array:2 [
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                }
                1 => App\Models\Task {#1191
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                    }
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                        1 => App\Models\Element {#1213 …30}
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                      "type" => "book_page"
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                2 => App\Models\Task {#1203
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
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                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
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                  +exists: true
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1424253
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/5-36"
                    "field_display_title" => "5.36"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1195
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1036}
                      ]
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                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1206
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1204
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1205
                      #items: array:2 [
                        0 => App\Models\Element {#1223 …30}
                        1 => App\Models\Element {#1225 …30}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "next" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424254"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "previous" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424252"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1220
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Book {#1048}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424382"
                      "type" => "book_page"
                    ]
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                    "id" => 1424253
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "field_page_end" => null
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                    "field_display_title" => "5.36"
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                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1195}
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                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210}
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                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1204}
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                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1220}
                    "page" => array:2 [
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                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                3 => App\Models\Task {#1215
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1424254
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "32"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/5-37"
                    "field_display_title" => "5.37"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1207
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1036}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
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                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1222
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1218
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1216
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1219
                      #items: array:2 [
                        0 => App\Models\Element {#1085}
                        1 => App\Models\Element {#1092}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "next" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424255"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "previous" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424253"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1217
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Book {#1048}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424382"
                      "type" => "book_page"
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1424254
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "32"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/5-37"
                    "field_display_title" => "5.37"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1207}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
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                    "field_h1" => null
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                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1222}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1218}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1216}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1219}
                    "next" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424255"
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                    ]
                    "previous" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424253"
                      "type" => "task"
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                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1217}
                    "page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424382"
                      "type" => "book_page"
                    ]
                  ]
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
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                  #visible: []
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                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                4 => App\Models\Task {#1227
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1424255
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "32"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/5-38"
                    "field_display_title" => "5.38"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1228
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1036}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
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                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1229
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1230
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1233
                      #items: array:2 [
                        0 => App\Models\Element {#1242 …30}
                        1 => App\Models\Element {#1244 …30}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "next" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424256"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "previous" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424254"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1239
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Book {#1048}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424382"
                      "type" => "book_page"
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1424255
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "32"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/5-38"
                    "field_display_title" => "5.38"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1228}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
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                    "field_h1" => null
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                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1229}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1230}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231}
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                    "next" => array:2 [
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                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1239}
                    "page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424382"
                      "type" => "book_page"
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
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                  #touches: []
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                  #visible: []
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                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                5 => App\Models\Task {#1234
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1424256
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "32"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/5-39"
                    "field_display_title" => "5.39"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1036}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
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                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1241
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1237
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1235
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1236
                      #items: array:2 [
                        0 => App\Models\Element {#1254 …30}
                        1 => App\Models\Element {#1256 …30}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "next" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424257"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "previous" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424255"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1251
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Book {#1048}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424382"
                      "type" => "book_page"
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1424256
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "32"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/5-39"
                    "field_display_title" => "5.39"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
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                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1241}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1237}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1235}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1236}
                    "next" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424257"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "previous" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424255"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1251}
                    "page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424382"
                      "type" => "book_page"
                    ]
                  ]
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
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                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
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                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                6 => App\Models\Task {#1246
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1424257
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "32"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/5-40"
                    "field_display_title" => "5.40"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1238
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1036}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
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                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1253
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1249
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1247
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1248
                      #items: array:2 [
                        0 => App\Models\Element {#1266 …30}
                        1 => App\Models\Element {#1268 …30}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "next" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424258"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "previous" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424256"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1263
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Book {#1048}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424382"
                      "type" => "book_page"
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1424257
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "32"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/5-40"
                    "field_display_title" => "5.40"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1238}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
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                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1253}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1249}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1247}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1248}
                    "next" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424258"
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                    ]
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                      "refs" => "1424256"
                      "type" => "task"
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                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1263}
                    "page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424382"
                      "type" => "book_page"
                    ]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
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                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                7 => App\Models\Task {#1258
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1424258
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "32"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/5-41"
                    "field_display_title" => "5.41"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1250
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1036}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
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                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1265
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1261
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1259
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1260
                      #items: array:2 [
                        0 => App\Models\Element {#1278 …30}
                        1 => App\Models\Element {#1280 …30}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "next" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424259"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "previous" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424257"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1275
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Book {#1048}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1424382"
                      "type" => "book_page"
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}
№5.37 (с. 32)
Условие. №5.37 (с. 32)
скриншот условия
Физика, 9 класс Задачник, авторы: Артеменков Денис Александрович, Ломаченков Иван Алексеевич, Панебратцев Юрий Анатольевич, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2011, страница 32, номер 5.37, Условие

5.37 В очках или без очков должны смотреть в микроскоп люди, имеющие дефекты зрения? Ответ поясните.

Решение. №5.37 (с. 32)
Решение

Ответ на этот вопрос зависит от конкретного типа дефекта зрения.

Для людей с близорукостью (миопией) или дальнозоркостью (гиперметропией) удобнее и правильнее работать с микроскопом без очков. Эти дефекты зрения связаны с тем, что оптическая система глаза фокусирует изображение не на сетчатке, а перед ней или за ней. Микроскоп имеет механизм фокусировки (фокусировочные винты), который позволяет изменять ход лучей, выходящих из окуляра. Путем настройки фокуса можно скомпенсировать недостаток рефракции глаза и добиться того, чтобы конечное изображение формировалось четко на сетчатке. Работа без очков также позволяет расположить глаз ближе к окуляру, чтобы видеть полное поле зрения, и исключает риск поцарапать линзы очков и окуляра.

Для людей с астигматизмом необходимо смотреть в микроскоп в очках или контактных линзах. Астигматизм вызван несферической формой роговицы или хрусталика, из-за чего преломляющая сила глаза различна в разных плоскостях. Стандартный механизм фокусировки микроскопа не может исправить этот дефект, так как он симметричен относительно оптической оси и не может компенсировать разницу в преломлении по разным направлениям. Для коррекции астигматизма требуются специальные цилиндрические линзы, которые содержатся в очках или контактных линзах. Без них изображение в микроскопе для человека с астигматизмом останется размытым и искаженным вне зависимости от настройки фокуса.

Ответ: Люди с близорукостью или дальнозоркостью должны смотреть в микроскоп без очков, так как эти дефекты компенсируются настройкой фокуса самого прибора. Люди, страдающие астигматизмом, должны смотреть в микроскоп в очках (или контактных линзах), поскольку микроскоп не может скомпенсировать этот вид дефекта зрения.

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