Номер 2.82, страница 71 - гдз по геометрии 8 класс учебник Шыныбеков, Шыныбеков

Геометрия, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Шыныбеков Абдухали Насырович, Шыныбеков Данияр Абдухалиевич, Жумабаев Ринат Нурланович, издательство Атамұра, Алматы, 2018

Авторы: Шыныбеков А. Н., Шыныбеков Д. А., Жумабаев Р. Н.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Атамұра

Год издания: 2018 - 2026

ISBN: 978-601-331-161-6

Рекомендовано Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан

Раздел 2. Соотношения между сторонами и углами прямоугольного треугольника. 2.3. Решение прямоугольных треугольников - номер 2.82, страница 71.

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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1123
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 6991
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Атамұра"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "atamu'ra"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 6991
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Атамұра"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "atamu'ra"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124
                      #items: array:3 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1125
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 6992
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Шыныбеков"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Абдухали"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Насырович"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 6992
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Шыныбеков"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Абдухали"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Насырович"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                        1 => App\Models\Term {#1126
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 6993
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Шыныбеков"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Данияр"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Абдухалиевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 6993
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Шыныбеков"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Данияр"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Абдухалиевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                        2 => App\Models\Term {#1127
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 7001
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Жумабаев"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Ринат"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Нурланович"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 7001
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Жумабаев"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Ринат"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Нурланович"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1130
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6671
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Учебник"
                            "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_plural_form" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                            "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                          ]
                          #original: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6671
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Учебник"
                            "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_plural_form" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                            "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1132
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 6994
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Казахстан"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "kazakhstan"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 6994
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Казахстан"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "kazakhstan"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1134
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 6995
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Алматы"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "almaty"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 6995
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Алматы"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "almaty"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_publication_number" => null
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => null
                    "field_publication_year" => "2018"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных школ"
                    "field_allowed" => "Рекомендовано Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан"
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "538"
                    "field_priority" => "6"
                    "field_default_folder" => "/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-601-331-161-6"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1753258124"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1753258124"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "1632"
                        "height" => "2472"
                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => null
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_url" => "/8-klass/geometrija/shynybekov-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 379
                      "subject" => 543
                      "class_subject" => 390
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:50 [
                    "id" => 2592
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119}
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120}
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122}
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124}
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128}
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129}
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131}
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138}
                    "field_publication_number" => null
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139}
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140}
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => null
                    "field_publication_year" => "2018"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных школ"
                    "field_allowed" => "Рекомендовано Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан"
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "538"
                    "field_priority" => "6"
                    "field_default_folder" => "/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-601-331-161-6"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1753258124"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1753258124"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "1632"
                        "height" => "2472"
                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => null
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141}
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142}
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143}
                    "field_url" => "/8-klass/geometrija/shynybekov-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 379
                      "subject" => 543
                      "class_subject" => 390
                    ]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1122381
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Соотношения между сторонами и углами прямоугольного треугольника"
            "field_branch_order" => "2"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118}
            "field_page_start" => "52"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1146
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1122384
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "2.3. Решение прямоугольных треугольников"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "67"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1149
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1117}
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            "text" => "<p>Пусть дан прямоугольный треугольник с катетами $a$ и $b$, гипотенузой $c$, острыми углами $\alpha$ и $\beta$ (противолежащими катетам $a$ и $b$ соответственно) и прямым углом $\gamma=90^\circ$. По условию задачи, один катет $a = 4$ см, а радиус описанной окружности $R = 4$ см. Найдем все неизвестные элементы: гипотенузу $c$, второй катет $b$, углы $\alpha$ и $\beta$, площадь $S$, периметр $P$ и радиус вписанной окружности $r$.</p><p><strong>1.</strong> Нахождение гипотенузы $c$</p><p>Центр описанной около прямоугольного треугольника окружности лежит на середине гипотенузы, а ее радиус $R$ равен половине длины гипотенузы $c$. Таким образом, $c = 2R$. Подставим известное значение $R$: $c = 2 \times 4 = 8$ см.<br><strong>Ответ:</strong> гипотенуза $c = 8$ см.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Нахождение второго катета $b$</p><p>Используем теорему Пифагора $a^2 + b^2 = c^2$. Выразим из нее катет $b$: $b = \sqrt{c^2 - a^2}$. Подставим известные значения $a$ и $c$: $b = \sqrt{8^2 - 4^2} = \sqrt{64 - 16} = \sqrt{48}$. Упростим полученное значение: $b = \sqrt{16 \times 3} = 4\sqrt{3}$ см.<br><strong>Ответ:</strong> второй катет $b = 4\sqrt{3}$ см.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Нахождение острых углов $\alpha$ и $\beta$</p><p>Угол $\alpha$ — это угол, противолежащий катету $a$. Его синус равен отношению противолежащего катета к гипотенузе: $\sin(\alpha) = \frac{a}{c} = \frac{4}{8} = \frac{1}{2}$. Отсюда находим угол: $\alpha = \arcsin(\frac{1}{2}) = 30^\circ$.<br>Сумма острых углов в прямоугольном треугольнике равна $90^\circ$, поэтому второй острый угол $\beta$ равен: $\beta = 90^\circ - \alpha = 90^\circ - 30^\circ = 60^\circ$.<br><strong>Ответ:</strong> острые углы равны $30^\circ$ и $60^\circ$.</p><p><strong>4.</strong> Нахождение площади $S$</p><p>Площадь прямоугольного треугольника вычисляется как половина произведения его катетов: $S = \frac{1}{2}ab$. Подставим значения катетов: $S = \frac{1}{2} \times 4 \times 4\sqrt{3} = 8\sqrt{3}$ см$^2$.<br><strong>Ответ:</strong> площадь $S = 8\sqrt{3}$ см$^2$.</p><p><strong>5.</strong> Нахождение периметра $P$</p><p>Периметр — это сумма длин всех сторон треугольника: $P = a + b + c$. Подставим найденные значения сторон: $P = 4 + 4\sqrt{3} + 8 = 12 + 4\sqrt{3}$ см. Можно вынести общий множитель: $P = 4(3 + \sqrt{3})$ см.<br><strong>Ответ:</strong> периметр $P = 12 + 4\sqrt{3}$ см.</p><p><strong>6.</strong> Нахождение радиуса вписанной окружности $r$</p><p>Радиус окружности, вписанной в прямоугольный треугольник, можно найти по формуле $r = \frac{a+b-c}{2}$. Подставим значения сторон: $r = \frac{4 + 4\sqrt{3} - 8}{2} = \frac{4\sqrt{3} - 4}{2} = 2\sqrt{3} - 2$ см. Можно вынести общий множитель: $r = 2(\sqrt{3} - 1)$ см.<br><strong>Ответ:</strong> радиус вписанной окружности $r = 2(\sqrt{3} - 1)$ см.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p>Пусть дан прямоугольный треугольник с катетами $a$ и $b$, гипотенузой $c$, острыми углами $\alpha$ и $\beta$ (противолежащими катетам $a$ и $b$ соответственно) и прямым углом $\gamma=90^\circ$. По условию задачи, один катет $a = 4$ см, а радиус описанной окружности $R = 4$ см. Найдем все неизвестные элементы: гипотенузу $c$, второй катет $b$, углы $\alpha$ и $\beta$, площадь $S$, периметр $P$ и радиус вписанной окружности $r$.</p><p><strong>1.</strong> Нахождение гипотенузы $c$</p><p>Центр описанной около прямоугольного треугольника окружности лежит на середине гипотенузы, а ее радиус $R$ равен половине длины гипотенузы $c$. Таким образом, $c = 2R$. Подставим известное значение $R$: $c = 2 \times 4 = 8$ см.<br><strong>Ответ:</strong> гипотенуза $c = 8$ см.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Нахождение второго катета $b$</p><p>Используем теорему Пифагора $a^2 + b^2 = c^2$. Выразим из нее катет $b$: $b = \sqrt{c^2 - a^2}$. Подставим известные значения $a$ и $c$: $b = \sqrt{8^2 - 4^2} = \sqrt{64 - 16} = \sqrt{48}$. Упростим полученное значение: $b = \sqrt{16 \times 3} = 4\sqrt{3}$ см.<br><strong>Ответ:</strong> второй катет $b = 4\sqrt{3}$ см.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Нахождение острых углов $\alpha$ и $\beta$</p><p>Угол $\alpha$ — это угол, противолежащий катету $a$. Его синус равен отношению противолежащего катета к гипотенузе: $\sin(\alpha) = \frac{a}{c} = \frac{4}{8} = \frac{1}{2}$. Отсюда находим угол: $\alpha = \arcsin(\frac{1}{2}) = 30^\circ$.<br>Сумма острых углов в прямоугольном треугольнике равна $90^\circ$, поэтому второй острый угол $\beta$ равен: $\beta = 90^\circ - \alpha = 90^\circ - 30^\circ = 60^\circ$.<br><strong>Ответ:</strong> острые углы равны $30^\circ$ и $60^\circ$.</p><p><strong>4.</strong> Нахождение площади $S$</p><p>Площадь прямоугольного треугольника вычисляется как половина произведения его катетов: $S = \frac{1}{2}ab$. Подставим значения катетов: $S = \frac{1}{2} \times 4 \times 4\sqrt{3} = 8\sqrt{3}$ см$^2$.<br><strong>Ответ:</strong> площадь $S = 8\sqrt{3}$ см$^2$.</p><p><strong>5.</strong> Нахождение периметра $P$</p><p>Периметр — это сумма длин всех сторон треугольника: $P = a + b + c$. Подставим найденные значения сторон: $P = 4 + 4\sqrt{3} + 8 = 12 + 4\sqrt{3}$ см. Можно вынести общий множитель: $P = 4(3 + \sqrt{3})$ см.<br><strong>Ответ:</strong> периметр $P = 12 + 4\sqrt{3}$ см.</p><p><strong>6.</strong> Нахождение радиуса вписанной окружности $r$</p><p>Радиус окружности, вписанной в прямоугольный треугольник, можно найти по формуле $r = \frac{a+b-c}{2}$. Подставим значения сторон: $r = \frac{4 + 4\sqrt{3} - 8}{2} = \frac{4\sqrt{3} - 4}{2} = 2\sqrt{3} - 2$ см. Можно вынести общий множитель: $r = 2(\sqrt{3} - 1)$ см.<br><strong>Ответ:</strong> радиус вписанной окружности $r = 2(\sqrt{3} - 1)$ см.</p>"
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№2.82 (с. 71)
Учебник rus. №2.82 (с. 71)
скриншот условия
Геометрия, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Шыныбеков Абдухали Насырович, Шыныбеков Данияр Абдухалиевич, Жумабаев Ринат Нурланович, издательство Атамұра, Алматы, 2018, страница 71, номер 2.82, Учебник rus

2.82. Один катет и радиус описанной около прямоугольного треугольника $a = R = 4 \text{ см}$. Найдите все неизвестные элементы этого треугольника.

Учебник kz. №2.82 (с. 71)
Геометрия, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Шыныбеков Абдухали Насырович, Шыныбеков Данияр Абдухалиевич, Жумабаев Ринат Нурланович, издательство Атамұра, Алматы, 2018, страница 71, номер 2.82, Учебник kz
Решение. №2.82 (с. 71)
Геометрия, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Шыныбеков Абдухали Насырович, Шыныбеков Данияр Абдухалиевич, Жумабаев Ринат Нурланович, издательство Атамұра, Алматы, 2018, страница 71, номер 2.82, Решение
Решение 2 rus. №2.82 (с. 71)

Пусть дан прямоугольный треугольник с катетами $a$ и $b$, гипотенузой $c$, острыми углами $\alpha$ и $\beta$ (противолежащими катетам $a$ и $b$ соответственно) и прямым углом $\gamma=90^\circ$. По условию задачи, один катет $a = 4$ см, а радиус описанной окружности $R = 4$ см. Найдем все неизвестные элементы: гипотенузу $c$, второй катет $b$, углы $\alpha$ и $\beta$, площадь $S$, периметр $P$ и радиус вписанной окружности $r$.

1. Нахождение гипотенузы $c$

Центр описанной около прямоугольного треугольника окружности лежит на середине гипотенузы, а ее радиус $R$ равен половине длины гипотенузы $c$. Таким образом, $c = 2R$. Подставим известное значение $R$: $c = 2 \times 4 = 8$ см.
Ответ: гипотенуза $c = 8$ см.

2. Нахождение второго катета $b$

Используем теорему Пифагора $a^2 + b^2 = c^2$. Выразим из нее катет $b$: $b = \sqrt{c^2 - a^2}$. Подставим известные значения $a$ и $c$: $b = \sqrt{8^2 - 4^2} = \sqrt{64 - 16} = \sqrt{48}$. Упростим полученное значение: $b = \sqrt{16 \times 3} = 4\sqrt{3}$ см.
Ответ: второй катет $b = 4\sqrt{3}$ см.

3. Нахождение острых углов $\alpha$ и $\beta$

Угол $\alpha$ — это угол, противолежащий катету $a$. Его синус равен отношению противолежащего катета к гипотенузе: $\sin(\alpha) = \frac{a}{c} = \frac{4}{8} = \frac{1}{2}$. Отсюда находим угол: $\alpha = \arcsin(\frac{1}{2}) = 30^\circ$.
Сумма острых углов в прямоугольном треугольнике равна $90^\circ$, поэтому второй острый угол $\beta$ равен: $\beta = 90^\circ - \alpha = 90^\circ - 30^\circ = 60^\circ$.
Ответ: острые углы равны $30^\circ$ и $60^\circ$.

4. Нахождение площади $S$

Площадь прямоугольного треугольника вычисляется как половина произведения его катетов: $S = \frac{1}{2}ab$. Подставим значения катетов: $S = \frac{1}{2} \times 4 \times 4\sqrt{3} = 8\sqrt{3}$ см$^2$.
Ответ: площадь $S = 8\sqrt{3}$ см$^2$.

5. Нахождение периметра $P$

Периметр — это сумма длин всех сторон треугольника: $P = a + b + c$. Подставим найденные значения сторон: $P = 4 + 4\sqrt{3} + 8 = 12 + 4\sqrt{3}$ см. Можно вынести общий множитель: $P = 4(3 + \sqrt{3})$ см.
Ответ: периметр $P = 12 + 4\sqrt{3}$ см.

6. Нахождение радиуса вписанной окружности $r$

Радиус окружности, вписанной в прямоугольный треугольник, можно найти по формуле $r = \frac{a+b-c}{2}$. Подставим значения сторон: $r = \frac{4 + 4\sqrt{3} - 8}{2} = \frac{4\sqrt{3} - 4}{2} = 2\sqrt{3} - 2$ см. Можно вынести общий множитель: $r = 2(\sqrt{3} - 1)$ см.
Ответ: радиус вписанной окружности $r = 2(\sqrt{3} - 1)$ см.

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