Номер 2.83, страница 72 - гдз по геометрии 8 класс учебник Шыныбеков, Шыныбеков

Геометрия, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Шыныбеков Абдухали Насырович, Шыныбеков Данияр Абдухалиевич, Жумабаев Ринат Нурланович, издательство Атамұра, Алматы, 2018

Авторы: Шыныбеков А. Н., Шыныбеков Д. А., Жумабаев Р. Н.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Атамұра

Год издания: 2018 - 2026

ISBN: 978-601-331-161-6

Рекомендовано Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан

Раздел 2. Соотношения между сторонами и углами прямоугольного треугольника. 2.3. Решение прямоугольных треугольников - номер 2.83, страница 72.

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        3 => App\Models\Element {#1153
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            "text" => "<p>Поскольку условие задачи 2.83 отсылает к задаче 2.82, в которой рассматриваются три случая построения прямоугольного треугольника, приведём решения для каждого из них.</p><p><strong>а)</strong></p><p>Построение прямоугольного треугольника по двум катетам, длины которых равны данным отрезкам $a$ и $b$.</p><p><em>Построение:</em></p><ol><li>Проведём произвольную прямую и отметим на ней точку $C$.</li><li>Построим прямую, проходящую через точку $C$ и перпендикулярную исходной прямой. Для этого с помощью циркуля построим окружность с центром в $C$ произвольного радиуса, которая пересечёт прямую в двух точках. Затем из этих двух точек как из центров проведём две дуги одинакового радиуса (большего, чем радиус первой окружности) до их пересечения. Прямая, проведённая через точку $C$ и точку пересечения дуг, будет перпендикулярна исходной прямой. Мы получили прямой угол с вершиной $C$.</li><li>На одной стороне прямого угла отложим от вершины $C$ отрезок $CB$, равный катету $a$.</li><li>На другой стороне прямого угла отложим от вершины $C$ отрезок $CA$, равный катету $b$.</li><li>Соединим точки $A$ и $B$ отрезком.</li></ol><p><em>Доказательство:</em> Полученный треугольник $ABC$ является прямоугольным, так как $\angle C = 90^\circ$ по построению. Его катеты $CB$ и $CA$ равны данным отрезкам $a$ и $b$ соответственно. Следовательно, треугольник $ABC$ — искомый.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Прямоугольный треугольник с катетами $a$ и $b$ построен.</p><p><strong>б)</strong></p><p>Построение прямоугольного треугольника по катету $a$ и гипотенузе $c$ (где $c &gt; a$).</p><p><em>Построение:</em></p><ol><li>Построим прямой угол с вершиной $C$ (как описано в пункте <strong>а)</strong>).</li><li>На одной из сторон угла отложим от вершины $C$ отрезок $CB$, равный данному катету $a$.</li><li>Проведём окружность с центром в точке $B$ и радиусом, равным данной гипотенузе $c$.</li><li>Эта окружность пересечёт вторую сторону прямого угла в некоторой точке. Обозначим эту точку $A$.</li><li>Соединим точки $A$ и $B$ отрезком.</li></ol><p><em>Доказательство:</em> Полученный треугольник $ABC$ является прямоугольным, так как $\angle C = 90^\circ$ по построению. Катет $CB$ равен $a$ по построению. Сторона $AB$ является радиусом окружности с центром в $B$, поэтому её длина равна $c$. Следовательно, треугольник $ABC$ — искомый.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Прямоугольный треугольник с катетом $a$ и гипотенузой $c$ построен.</p><p><strong>в)</strong></p><p>Построение прямоугольного треугольника по гипотенузе $c$ и прилежащему к ней острому углу $\alpha$.</p><p><em>Построение:</em></p><ol><li>Проведём произвольную прямую и отложим на ней отрезок $AB$, равный данной гипотенузе $c$.</li><li>Найдём середину отрезка $AB$. Для этого построим две пересекающиеся дуги окружностей равного радиуса (больше половины длины $AB$) с центрами в точках $A$ и $B$. Прямая, проходящая через точки пересечения этих дуг, пересечёт отрезок $AB$ в его середине. Обозначим середину буквой $O$.</li><li>Построим окружность с центром в точке $O$ и радиусом $OA$ (или $OB$). Отрезок $AB$ будет являться диаметром этой окружности.</li><li>От луча $AB$ в точке $A$ отложим угол, равный данному углу $\alpha$. Для этого построим копию угла $\alpha$ с вершиной в точке $A$.</li><li>Вторая сторона построенного угла пересечёт окружность в некоторой точке. Обозначим эту точку $C$.</li><li>Соединим точки $C$ и $B$ отрезком.</li></ol><p><em>Доказательство:</em> В полученном треугольнике $ABC$ сторона $AB$ равна $c$ по построению. Угол $\angle BAC$ равен $\alpha$ по построению. Угол $\angle ACB$ является вписанным в окружность и опирается на её диаметр $AB$, следовательно, $\angle ACB = 90^\circ$. Таким образом, треугольник $ABC$ — искомый прямоугольный треугольник.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Прямоугольный треугольник с гипотенузой $c$ и острым углом $\alpha$ построен.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p>Поскольку условие задачи 2.83 отсылает к задаче 2.82, в которой рассматриваются три случая построения прямоугольного треугольника, приведём решения для каждого из них.</p><p><strong>а)</strong></p><p>Построение прямоугольного треугольника по двум катетам, длины которых равны данным отрезкам $a$ и $b$.</p><p><em>Построение:</em></p><ol><li>Проведём произвольную прямую и отметим на ней точку $C$.</li><li>Построим прямую, проходящую через точку $C$ и перпендикулярную исходной прямой. Для этого с помощью циркуля построим окружность с центром в $C$ произвольного радиуса, которая пересечёт прямую в двух точках. Затем из этих двух точек как из центров проведём две дуги одинакового радиуса (большего, чем радиус первой окружности) до их пересечения. Прямая, проведённая через точку $C$ и точку пересечения дуг, будет перпендикулярна исходной прямой. Мы получили прямой угол с вершиной $C$.</li><li>На одной стороне прямого угла отложим от вершины $C$ отрезок $CB$, равный катету $a$.</li><li>На другой стороне прямого угла отложим от вершины $C$ отрезок $CA$, равный катету $b$.</li><li>Соединим точки $A$ и $B$ отрезком.</li></ol><p><em>Доказательство:</em> Полученный треугольник $ABC$ является прямоугольным, так как $\angle C = 90^\circ$ по построению. Его катеты $CB$ и $CA$ равны данным отрезкам $a$ и $b$ соответственно. Следовательно, треугольник $ABC$ — искомый.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Прямоугольный треугольник с катетами $a$ и $b$ построен.</p><p><strong>б)</strong></p><p>Построение прямоугольного треугольника по катету $a$ и гипотенузе $c$ (где $c &gt; a$).</p><p><em>Построение:</em></p><ol><li>Построим прямой угол с вершиной $C$ (как описано в пункте <strong>а)</strong>).</li><li>На одной из сторон угла отложим от вершины $C$ отрезок $CB$, равный данному катету $a$.</li><li>Проведём окружность с центром в точке $B$ и радиусом, равным данной гипотенузе $c$.</li><li>Эта окружность пересечёт вторую сторону прямого угла в некоторой точке. Обозначим эту точку $A$.</li><li>Соединим точки $A$ и $B$ отрезком.</li></ol><p><em>Доказательство:</em> Полученный треугольник $ABC$ является прямоугольным, так как $\angle C = 90^\circ$ по построению. Катет $CB$ равен $a$ по построению. Сторона $AB$ является радиусом окружности с центром в $B$, поэтому её длина равна $c$. Следовательно, треугольник $ABC$ — искомый.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Прямоугольный треугольник с катетом $a$ и гипотенузой $c$ построен.</p><p><strong>в)</strong></p><p>Построение прямоугольного треугольника по гипотенузе $c$ и прилежащему к ней острому углу $\alpha$.</p><p><em>Построение:</em></p><ol><li>Проведём произвольную прямую и отложим на ней отрезок $AB$, равный данной гипотенузе $c$.</li><li>Найдём середину отрезка $AB$. Для этого построим две пересекающиеся дуги окружностей равного радиуса (больше половины длины $AB$) с центрами в точках $A$ и $B$. Прямая, проходящая через точки пересечения этих дуг, пересечёт отрезок $AB$ в его середине. Обозначим середину буквой $O$.</li><li>Построим окружность с центром в точке $O$ и радиусом $OA$ (или $OB$). Отрезок $AB$ будет являться диаметром этой окружности.</li><li>От луча $AB$ в точке $A$ отложим угол, равный данному углу $\alpha$. Для этого построим копию угла $\alpha$ с вершиной в точке $A$.</li><li>Вторая сторона построенного угла пересечёт окружность в некоторой точке. Обозначим эту точку $C$.</li><li>Соединим точки $C$ и $B$ отрезком.</li></ol><p><em>Доказательство:</em> В полученном треугольнике $ABC$ сторона $AB$ равна $c$ по построению. Угол $\angle BAC$ равен $\alpha$ по построению. Угол $\angle ACB$ является вписанным в окружность и опирается на её диаметр $AB$, следовательно, $\angle ACB = 90^\circ$. Таким образом, треугольник $ABC$ — искомый прямоугольный треугольник.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Прямоугольный треугольник с гипотенузой $c$ и острым углом $\alpha$ построен.</p>"
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                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                2 => App\Models\Term {#1172
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:12 [
                    "id" => 7001
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Жумабаев"
                    "field_bio" => null
                    "field_degree_rp" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Ринат"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Нурланович"
                    "field_surname_rp" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:12 [
                    "id" => 7001
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Жумабаев"
                    "field_bio" => null
                    "field_degree_rp" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Ринат"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Нурланович"
                    "field_surname_rp" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1173
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1175
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:10 [
                    "id" => 6671
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Учебник"
                    "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_plural_form" => null
                    "field_short_name" => null
                    "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                    "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                  ]
                  #original: array:10 [
                    "id" => 6671
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Учебник"
                    "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_plural_form" => null
                    "field_short_name" => null
                    "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                    "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1177
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 6994
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Казахстан"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_translit" => "kazakhstan"
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 6994
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Казахстан"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_translit" => "kazakhstan"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1178
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1179
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 6995
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Алматы"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_translit" => "almaty"
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 6995
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Алматы"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_translit" => "almaty"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1181
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1182
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1183
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_publication_number" => null
            "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1184
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
            "field_cover_description" => null
            "field_publication_year" => "2018"
            "field_publication_year_until" => null
            "field_part" => ""
            "field_part_writing" => ""
            "field_second_foreign_language" => null
            "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных школ"
            "field_allowed" => "Рекомендовано Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан"
            "field_reserve_field" => null
            "field_link_to_source" => null
            "field_tasks_count" => "538"
            "field_priority" => "6"
            "field_default_folder" => "/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/"
            "field_isbn" => "978-601-331-161-6"
            "field_cover" => array:1 [
              0 => "/media/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1753258124"
            ]
            "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
              0 => ""
            ]
            "field_covers" => array:1 [
              0 => array:4 [
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1753258124"
                "alt" => ""
                "width" => "1632"
                "height" => "2472"
              ]
            ]
            "field_popular_book" => null
            "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1188
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/geometrija/shynybekov-uchebnik"
            "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
              "class" => 379
              "subject" => 543
              "class_subject" => 390
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:50 [
            "id" => 2592
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
            "field_pages_status" => null
            "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1163}
            "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1165}
            "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1167}
            "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1169}
            "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1173}
            "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174}
            "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176}
            "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1178}
            "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180}
            "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1181}
            "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1182}
            "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1183}
            "field_publication_number" => null
            "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1184}
            "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185}
            "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
            "field_cover_description" => null
            "field_publication_year" => "2018"
            "field_publication_year_until" => null
            "field_part" => ""
            "field_part_writing" => ""
            "field_second_foreign_language" => null
            "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных школ"
            "field_allowed" => "Рекомендовано Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан"
            "field_reserve_field" => null
            "field_link_to_source" => null
            "field_tasks_count" => "538"
            "field_priority" => "6"
            "field_default_folder" => "/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/"
            "field_isbn" => "978-601-331-161-6"
            "field_cover" => array:1 [
              0 => "/media/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1753258124"
            ]
            "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
              0 => ""
            ]
            "field_covers" => array:1 [
              0 => array:4 [
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1753258124"
                "alt" => ""
                "width" => "1632"
                "height" => "2472"
              ]
            ]
            "field_popular_book" => null
            "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186}
            "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187}
            "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1188}
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/geometrija/shynybekov-uchebnik"
            "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189}
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
              "class" => 379
              "subject" => 543
              "class_subject" => 390
            ]
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1568
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1193
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "book_pages"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:21 [
            "id" => 1114274
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "72"
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/geometrija/shynybekov-uchebnik/page-72"
            "field_display_title" => "72"
            "field_folder" => "1"
            "field_image_name" => "72"
            "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_weight" => "0"
            "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1196
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1198
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "books"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:50 [
                    "id" => 2592
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1199 …2}
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201 …2}
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1203 …2}
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1205 …2}
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1209 …2}
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210 …2}
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212 …2}
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1214 …2}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1216 …2}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1217 …2}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1218 …2}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1219 …2}
                    "field_publication_number" => null
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1220 …2}
                     …31
                  ]
                  #original: array:50 [ …50]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1226
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1227
              #items: array:2 [
                0 => App\Models\Element {#1228
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "elements"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                  #original: array:6 [ …6]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                1 => App\Models\Element {#1236
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "elements"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                  #original: array:6 [ …6]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1114275"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1114273"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1244
              #items: array:14 [
                0 => App\Models\Task {#1245
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                1 => App\Models\Task {#1371
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                2 => App\Models\Task {#1386
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                3 => App\Models\Task {#1401
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                4 => App\Models\Task {#1416
                  #connection: "mysql"
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№2.83 (с. 72)
Учебник rus. №2.83 (с. 72)
скриншот условия
Геометрия, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Шыныбеков Абдухали Насырович, Шыныбеков Данияр Абдухалиевич, Жумабаев Ринат Нурланович, издательство Атамұра, Алматы, 2018, страница 72, номер 2.83, Учебник rus

2.83. Постройте прямоугольный треугольник, заданный в предыдущей задаче.

Учебник kz. №2.83 (с. 72)
Геометрия, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Шыныбеков Абдухали Насырович, Шыныбеков Данияр Абдухалиевич, Жумабаев Ринат Нурланович, издательство Атамұра, Алматы, 2018, страница 72, номер 2.83, Учебник kz
Решение. №2.83 (с. 72)
Геометрия, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Шыныбеков Абдухали Насырович, Шыныбеков Данияр Абдухалиевич, Жумабаев Ринат Нурланович, издательство Атамұра, Алматы, 2018, страница 72, номер 2.83, Решение
Решение 2 rus. №2.83 (с. 72)

Поскольку условие задачи 2.83 отсылает к задаче 2.82, в которой рассматриваются три случая построения прямоугольного треугольника, приведём решения для каждого из них.

а)

Построение прямоугольного треугольника по двум катетам, длины которых равны данным отрезкам $a$ и $b$.

Построение:

  1. Проведём произвольную прямую и отметим на ней точку $C$.
  2. Построим прямую, проходящую через точку $C$ и перпендикулярную исходной прямой. Для этого с помощью циркуля построим окружность с центром в $C$ произвольного радиуса, которая пересечёт прямую в двух точках. Затем из этих двух точек как из центров проведём две дуги одинакового радиуса (большего, чем радиус первой окружности) до их пересечения. Прямая, проведённая через точку $C$ и точку пересечения дуг, будет перпендикулярна исходной прямой. Мы получили прямой угол с вершиной $C$.
  3. На одной стороне прямого угла отложим от вершины $C$ отрезок $CB$, равный катету $a$.
  4. На другой стороне прямого угла отложим от вершины $C$ отрезок $CA$, равный катету $b$.
  5. Соединим точки $A$ и $B$ отрезком.

Доказательство: Полученный треугольник $ABC$ является прямоугольным, так как $\angle C = 90^\circ$ по построению. Его катеты $CB$ и $CA$ равны данным отрезкам $a$ и $b$ соответственно. Следовательно, треугольник $ABC$ — искомый.

Ответ: Прямоугольный треугольник с катетами $a$ и $b$ построен.

б)

Построение прямоугольного треугольника по катету $a$ и гипотенузе $c$ (где $c > a$).

Построение:

  1. Построим прямой угол с вершиной $C$ (как описано в пункте а)).
  2. На одной из сторон угла отложим от вершины $C$ отрезок $CB$, равный данному катету $a$.
  3. Проведём окружность с центром в точке $B$ и радиусом, равным данной гипотенузе $c$.
  4. Эта окружность пересечёт вторую сторону прямого угла в некоторой точке. Обозначим эту точку $A$.
  5. Соединим точки $A$ и $B$ отрезком.

Доказательство: Полученный треугольник $ABC$ является прямоугольным, так как $\angle C = 90^\circ$ по построению. Катет $CB$ равен $a$ по построению. Сторона $AB$ является радиусом окружности с центром в $B$, поэтому её длина равна $c$. Следовательно, треугольник $ABC$ — искомый.

Ответ: Прямоугольный треугольник с катетом $a$ и гипотенузой $c$ построен.

в)

Построение прямоугольного треугольника по гипотенузе $c$ и прилежащему к ней острому углу $\alpha$.

Построение:

  1. Проведём произвольную прямую и отложим на ней отрезок $AB$, равный данной гипотенузе $c$.
  2. Найдём середину отрезка $AB$. Для этого построим две пересекающиеся дуги окружностей равного радиуса (больше половины длины $AB$) с центрами в точках $A$ и $B$. Прямая, проходящая через точки пересечения этих дуг, пересечёт отрезок $AB$ в его середине. Обозначим середину буквой $O$.
  3. Построим окружность с центром в точке $O$ и радиусом $OA$ (или $OB$). Отрезок $AB$ будет являться диаметром этой окружности.
  4. От луча $AB$ в точке $A$ отложим угол, равный данному углу $\alpha$. Для этого построим копию угла $\alpha$ с вершиной в точке $A$.
  5. Вторая сторона построенного угла пересечёт окружность в некоторой точке. Обозначим эту точку $C$.
  6. Соединим точки $C$ и $B$ отрезком.

Доказательство: В полученном треугольнике $ABC$ сторона $AB$ равна $c$ по построению. Угол $\angle BAC$ равен $\alpha$ по построению. Угол $\angle ACB$ является вписанным в окружность и опирается на её диаметр $AB$, следовательно, $\angle ACB = 90^\circ$. Таким образом, треугольник $ABC$ — искомый прямоугольный треугольник.

Ответ: Прямоугольный треугольник с гипотенузой $c$ и острым углом $\alpha$ построен.

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