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Вариант 2, страница 65 - гдз по физике 8 класс дидактические материалы Марон, Марон
Авторы: Марон А. Е., Марон Е. А.
Тип: Дидактические материалы
Издательство: Просвещение
Год издания: 2022 - 2026
Уровень обучения: базовый
Цвет обложки: белый
ISBN: 978-5-09-111138-5
Популярные ГДЗ в 8 классе
Самостоятельные работы. СР-2. Виды теплопередачи - страница 65.
App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1470261 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "65" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/cp02-2" "field_display_title" => "Вариант 2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1036 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1035 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1469778 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Самостоятельные работы" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "62" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1039 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 1038 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1044 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2022" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "661" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/maron-dm/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-111138-5" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 1038 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1044 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2022" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "661" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/maron-dm/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-111138-5" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1469778 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Самостоятельные работы" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038} "field_page_start" => "62" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1071 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1469778 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Самостоятельные работы" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "62" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1075 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 1038 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2022" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "661" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/maron-dm/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-111138-5" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1104 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 1038 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2022" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "661" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/maron-dm/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-111138-5" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1104 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1469778 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Самостоятельные работы" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074} "field_page_start" => "62" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1107 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1469780 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "СР-2. Виды теплопередачи" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "64" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1110 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 1038 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2022" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "661" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/maron-dm/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-111138-5" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 1038 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2022" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "661" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/maron-dm/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-111138-5" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1142 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1469778 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Самостоятельные работы" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143 …2} "field_page_start" => "62" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145 …2} ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1469778 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Самостоятельные работы" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143 …2} "field_page_start" => "62" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145 …2} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1469780 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "СР-2. Виды теплопередачи" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108} "field_page_start" => "64" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1163 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1148 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 1760835 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1149 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1147 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6406 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6406 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1470261" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Вариант 3</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Объясните, почему зимой в тесной обуви холоднее, чем в просторной.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Где в холодильнике следует установить охлаждающий агрегат — внизу или вверху?</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Почему в ясные зимние ночи мороз сильнее, чем в облачную погоду?</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "2-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1440" "height" => 529 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/maron-dm/0-cp02/2-1.webp?ts=1760803259" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 1760835 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1149} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1470261" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Вариант 3</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Объясните, почему зимой в тесной обуви холоднее, чем в просторной.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Где в холодильнике следует установить охлаждающий агрегат — внизу или вверху?</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Почему в ясные зимние ночи мороз сильнее, чем в облачную погоду?</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "2-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1440" "height" => 529 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/maron-dm/0-cp02/2-1.webp?ts=1760803259" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1155 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1820250 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1157 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6684 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1161 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1162 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6684 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1161 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1162 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1470261" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>1.</strong> Объясните, почему зимой в тесной обуви холоднее, чем в просторной.</p><p>Зимой в тесной обуви холоднее по двум основным причинам. Во-первых, в просторной обуви между ногой и материалом обуви есть воздушная прослойка. Воздух обладает низкой теплопроводностью, то есть является хорошим теплоизолятором. Эта прослойка замедляет потерю тепла от ноги к холодной окружающей среде. В тесной обуви такой воздушный слой практически отсутствует, что приводит к более быстрой теплоотдаче. Во-вторых, тесная обувь сдавливает стопу и нарушает кровообращение. Кровь переносит тепло по всему организму, и при ухудшении кровотока к ногам поступает меньше тепла, из-за чего они начинают замерзать.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> В тесной обуви холоднее из-за отсутствия теплоизолирующей воздушной прослойки и из-за нарушения кровообращения, которое согревает ноги.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Где в холодильнике следует установить охлаждающий агрегат — внизу или вверху?</p><p>Охлаждающий агрегат в холодильнике следует устанавливать в верхней его части. Это связано с физическим явлением конвекции. Воздух, охлаждаясь у агрегата, становится плотнее и, следовательно, тяжелее. Под действием силы тяжести холодный воздух опускается вниз. На его место из нижней части камеры поднимается более теплый и менее плотный воздух. Этот процесс повторяется, создавая непрерывную циркуляцию воздуха (конвекционные потоки), которая обеспечивает равномерное охлаждение всего объема холодильника. Если бы охлаждающий элемент находился внизу, холодный воздух так и остался бы в нижней части, и эффективного охлаждения продуктов наверху не происходило бы.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Охлаждающий агрегат следует устанавливать вверху, чтобы за счет естественной конвекции воздуха обеспечить эффективное и равномерное охлаждение всего внутреннего пространства холодильника.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Почему в ясные зимние ночи мороз сильнее, чем в облачную погоду?</p><p>Это связано с процессом теплового излучения. Ночью поверхность Земли, нагретая за день, отдает тепло в атмосферу путем излучения инфракрасных волн. В облачную погоду облака действуют как "одеяло": они поглощают большую часть этого тепла и переизлучают его обратно к Земле. Это значительно замедляет процесс остывания земной поверхности. В ясную ночь облаков нет, и тепло беспрепятственно уходит в открытый космос. Из-за быстрой потери тепла поверхность Земли и приземный слой воздуха сильно охлаждаются, что и приводит к более сильным морозам.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> В ясную ночь Земля беспрепятственно излучает тепло в космос и сильно остывает, а в облачную погоду облака задерживают это тепло, не давая поверхности сильно охладиться.</p>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1820250 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1470261" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>1.</strong> Объясните, почему зимой в тесной обуви холоднее, чем в просторной.</p><p>Зимой в тесной обуви холоднее по двум основным причинам. Во-первых, в просторной обуви между ногой и материалом обуви есть воздушная прослойка. Воздух обладает низкой теплопроводностью, то есть является хорошим теплоизолятором. Эта прослойка замедляет потерю тепла от ноги к холодной окружающей среде. В тесной обуви такой воздушный слой практически отсутствует, что приводит к более быстрой теплоотдаче. Во-вторых, тесная обувь сдавливает стопу и нарушает кровообращение. Кровь переносит тепло по всему организму, и при ухудшении кровотока к ногам поступает меньше тепла, из-за чего они начинают замерзать.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> В тесной обуви холоднее из-за отсутствия теплоизолирующей воздушной прослойки и из-за нарушения кровообращения, которое согревает ноги.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Где в холодильнике следует установить охлаждающий агрегат — внизу или вверху?</p><p>Охлаждающий агрегат в холодильнике следует устанавливать в верхней его части. Это связано с физическим явлением конвекции. Воздух, охлаждаясь у агрегата, становится плотнее и, следовательно, тяжелее. Под действием силы тяжести холодный воздух опускается вниз. На его место из нижней части камеры поднимается более теплый и менее плотный воздух. Этот процесс повторяется, создавая непрерывную циркуляцию воздуха (конвекционные потоки), которая обеспечивает равномерное охлаждение всего объема холодильника. Если бы охлаждающий элемент находился внизу, холодный воздух так и остался бы в нижней части, и эффективного охлаждения продуктов наверху не происходило бы.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Охлаждающий агрегат следует устанавливать вверху, чтобы за счет естественной конвекции воздуха обеспечить эффективное и равномерное охлаждение всего внутреннего пространства холодильника.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Почему в ясные зимние ночи мороз сильнее, чем в облачную погоду?</p><p>Это связано с процессом теплового излучения. Ночью поверхность Земли, нагретая за день, отдает тепло в атмосферу путем излучения инфракрасных волн. В облачную погоду облака действуют как "одеяло": они поглощают большую часть этого тепла и переизлучают его обратно к Земле. Это значительно замедляет процесс остывания земной поверхности. В ясную ночь облаков нет, и тепло беспрепятственно уходит в открытый космос. Из-за быстрой потери тепла поверхность Земли и приземный слой воздуха сильно охлаждаются, что и приводит к более сильным морозам.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> В ясную ночь Земля беспрепятственно излучает тепло в космос и сильно остывает, а в облачную погоду облака задерживают это тепло, не давая поверхности сильно охладиться.</p>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1470262" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1470260" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1165 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 1038 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1166 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1164 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1167 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1168 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1169 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1170 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1172 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 5107 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Марон" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Абрам" "field_patronymic" => "Евсеевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 5107 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Марон" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Абрам" "field_patronymic" => "Евсеевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1173 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 5108 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Марон" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Евгений" "field_patronymic" => "Абрамович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 5108 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Марон" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Евгений" "field_patronymic" => "Абрамович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1175 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1176 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6510 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Дидактические материалы" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "didakticheskie materialy" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6510 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Дидактические материалы" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "didakticheskie materialy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1177 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1178 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1179 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1180 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1181 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1182 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1183 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1184 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 38 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "базовый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "bazovyy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 38 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "базовый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "bazovyy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1186 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 25 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (новый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_color" => "красный" "field_end_year" => "2027" "field_start_year" => "2023" "field_translit" => "fgos" "field_type" => "новый" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 25 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (новый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_color" => "красный" "field_end_year" => "2027" "field_start_year" => "2023" "field_translit" => "fgos" "field_type" => "новый" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1188 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 33 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "стереотипное" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 33 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "стереотипное" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2022" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "661" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/maron-dm/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-111138-5" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/maron-dm/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760461989" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_08/maron-dm/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760461989" "alt" => "" "width" => "2294" "height" => "3039" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1191 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1192 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1193 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1194 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 45 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "белый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "belyy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 45 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "белый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "belyy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 1038 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1166} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1167} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1169} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1175} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1177} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1179} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1181} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1182} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1183} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2022" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "661" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/maron-dm/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-111138-5" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/maron-dm/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760461989" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_08/maron-dm/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760461989" "alt" => "" "width" => "2294" "height" => "3039" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1191} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1192} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1193} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1322 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1198 #connection: "mysql" #table: "book_pages" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1469669 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "65" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/page-65" "field_display_title" => "65" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "65" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1204 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1203 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1205 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 1038 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1206 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1208 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1215 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1216 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1218 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1220 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1222 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1223 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1224 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1226 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1228 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1230 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2022" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "661" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/maron-dm/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-111138-5" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1233 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1234 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 1038 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1206 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1208 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1215 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1216 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1218 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1220 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1222 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1223 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1224 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1226 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1228 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1230 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2022" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "661" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/maron-dm/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-111138-5" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1233 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1234 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1236 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1237 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1238 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1761549 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1239 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1761549 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1239 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1469670" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1469668" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1246 #items: array:5 [ 0 => App\Models\Task {#1247 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1470260 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "64" "field_page_end" => "65" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/cp02-1" "field_display_title" => "Вариант 1" "field_outside_task" => "0" "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1248 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1249 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1250 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1255 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1264 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1275 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1470260 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "64" "field_page_end" => "65" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/cp02-1" "field_display_title" => "Вариант 1" "field_outside_task" => "0" "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1248 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1249 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1250 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1255 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1264 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1275 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Task {#1276 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1470261 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "65" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/cp02-2" "field_display_title" => "Вариант 2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1277 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1278 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1279 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1280 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1281 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1286 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1470261 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "65" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/cp02-2" "field_display_title" => "Вариант 2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1277 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1278 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1279 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1280 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1281 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1286 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Task {#1287 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1470262 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "65" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/cp02-3" "field_display_title" => "Вариант 3" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1288 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1289 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1290 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1291 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1292 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1297 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1470262 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "65" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/cp02-3" "field_display_title" => "Вариант 3" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1288 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1289 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1290 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1291 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1292 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1297 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 3 => App\Models\Task {#1298 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1470263 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "65" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/cp02-4" "field_display_title" => "Вариант 4" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1299 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1300 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1301 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1302 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1303 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1308 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1470263 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "65" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/cp02-4" "field_display_title" => "Вариант 4" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1299 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1300 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1301 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1302 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1303 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1308 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 4 => App\Models\Task {#1309 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1470264 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "65" "field_page_end" => "66" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/cp02-5" "field_display_title" => "Вариант 5" "field_outside_task" => "0" "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1310 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1311 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1312 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1313 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1314 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1319 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1470264 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "65" "field_page_end" => "66" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/cp02-5" "field_display_title" => "Вариант 5" "field_outside_task" => "0" "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1310 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1311 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1312 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1313 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1314 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1319 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 1469669 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "65" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/page-65" "field_display_title" => "65" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "65" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1204} "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1203} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1236} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1237} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1469670" "type" => 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Вариант 2 (с. 65)
Условие. Вариант 2 (с. 65)
скриншот условия
Вариант 3
1. Объясните, почему зимой в тесной обуви холоднее, чем в просторной.
2. Где в холодильнике следует установить охлаждающий агрегат — внизу или вверху?
3. Почему в ясные зимние ночи мороз сильнее, чем в облачную погоду?
Решение. Вариант 2 (с. 65)
1. Объясните, почему зимой в тесной обуви холоднее, чем в просторной.
Зимой в тесной обуви холоднее по двум основным причинам. Во-первых, в просторной обуви между ногой и материалом обуви есть воздушная прослойка. Воздух обладает низкой теплопроводностью, то есть является хорошим теплоизолятором. Эта прослойка замедляет потерю тепла от ноги к холодной окружающей среде. В тесной обуви такой воздушный слой практически отсутствует, что приводит к более быстрой теплоотдаче. Во-вторых, тесная обувь сдавливает стопу и нарушает кровообращение. Кровь переносит тепло по всему организму, и при ухудшении кровотока к ногам поступает меньше тепла, из-за чего они начинают замерзать.
Ответ: В тесной обуви холоднее из-за отсутствия теплоизолирующей воздушной прослойки и из-за нарушения кровообращения, которое согревает ноги.
2. Где в холодильнике следует установить охлаждающий агрегат — внизу или вверху?
Охлаждающий агрегат в холодильнике следует устанавливать в верхней его части. Это связано с физическим явлением конвекции. Воздух, охлаждаясь у агрегата, становится плотнее и, следовательно, тяжелее. Под действием силы тяжести холодный воздух опускается вниз. На его место из нижней части камеры поднимается более теплый и менее плотный воздух. Этот процесс повторяется, создавая непрерывную циркуляцию воздуха (конвекционные потоки), которая обеспечивает равномерное охлаждение всего объема холодильника. Если бы охлаждающий элемент находился внизу, холодный воздух так и остался бы в нижней части, и эффективного охлаждения продуктов наверху не происходило бы.
Ответ: Охлаждающий агрегат следует устанавливать вверху, чтобы за счет естественной конвекции воздуха обеспечить эффективное и равномерное охлаждение всего внутреннего пространства холодильника.
3. Почему в ясные зимние ночи мороз сильнее, чем в облачную погоду?
Это связано с процессом теплового излучения. Ночью поверхность Земли, нагретая за день, отдает тепло в атмосферу путем излучения инфракрасных волн. В облачную погоду облака действуют как "одеяло": они поглощают большую часть этого тепла и переизлучают его обратно к Земле. Это значительно замедляет процесс остывания земной поверхности. В ясную ночь облаков нет, и тепло беспрепятственно уходит в открытый космос. Из-за быстрой потери тепла поверхность Земли и приземный слой воздуха сильно охлаждаются, что и приводит к более сильным морозам.
Ответ: В ясную ночь Земля беспрепятственно излучает тепло в космос и сильно остывает, а в облачную погоду облака задерживают это тепло, не давая поверхности сильно охладиться.
Другие задания:
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