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Вариант 9, страница 66 - гдз по физике 8 класс дидактические материалы Марон, Марон
Авторы: Марон А. Е., Марон Е. А.
Тип: Дидактические материалы
Издательство: Просвещение
Год издания: 2022 - 2026
Уровень обучения: базовый
Цвет обложки: белый
ISBN: 978-5-09-111138-5
Популярные ГДЗ в 8 классе
Самостоятельные работы. СР-2. Виды теплопередачи - страница 66.
App\Models\Task {#1024 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1470268 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "66" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/cp02-9" "field_display_title" => "Вариант 9" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#331 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1029 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1026 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#342 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1469778 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Самостоятельные работы" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1023 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "62" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#333 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1033 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 1038 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1030 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1036 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1041 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1044 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2022" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "661" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/maron-dm/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-111138-5" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/maron-dm/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760461989" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ …4] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 1038 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1030} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1036} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1041} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1044} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2022" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "661" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/maron-dm/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-111138-5" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/maron-dm/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760461989" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ …4] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1469778 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Самостоятельные работы" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1023} "field_page_start" => "62" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#333} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#342} 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1064 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1469780 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "СР-2. Виды теплопередачи" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "64" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1067 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 1038 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2022" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "661" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/maron-dm/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-111138-5" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/maron-dm/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760461989" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ …4] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 1038 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2022" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "661" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/maron-dm/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-111138-5" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/maron-dm/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760461989" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ …4] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1099 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1469778 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Самостоятельные работы" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "62" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1469778 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Самостоятельные работы" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100} "field_page_start" => "62" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1469780 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "СР-2. Виды теплопередачи" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065} "field_page_start" => "64" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1104 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 1760842 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1106 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6406 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1110 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6406 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1110} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1470268" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Вариант 9</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Объясните, почему почва, покрытая снегом, промерзает меньше, чем открытая.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Почему сады не рекомендуется разводить в низинах?</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Почему самая высокая температура не в полдень, а после полудня?</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "9-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1421" "height" => 478 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/maron-dm/0-cp02/9-1.webp?ts=1760803259" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 1760842 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1470268" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Вариант 9</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Объясните, почему почва, покрытая снегом, промерзает меньше, чем открытая.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Почему сады не рекомендуется разводить в низинах?</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Почему самая высокая температура не в полдень, а после полудня?</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "9-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1421" "height" => 478 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/maron-dm/0-cp02/9-1.webp?ts=1760803259" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1112 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1820257 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1114 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6684 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6684 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1470268" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>1.</strong> Объясните, почему почва, покрытая снегом, промерзает меньше, чем открытая.</p><p>Снег является плохим проводником тепла, то есть обладает низкой теплопроводностью. Это свойство объясняется его структурой: снежный покров состоит из множества ледяных кристаллов (снежинок), между которыми находится большое количество воздуха. Воздух сам по себе — очень хороший теплоизолятор.</p><p>Зимой температура воздуха опускается значительно ниже нуля, в то время как земля, накопившая тепло за лето, имеет более высокую температуру. Снежный покров, подобно одеялу, создает изолирующий слой между холодной атмосферой и поверхностью почвы. Он замедляет процесс теплоотдачи от земли в воздух.</p><p>Таким образом, под снегом почва теряет тепло гораздо медленнее, чем открытый грунт, который напрямую контактирует с холодным воздухом и быстро отдает тепло. Благодаря этой теплоизоляции почва под снегом промерзает на меньшую глубину или не промерзает вовсе, что защищает корни растений от вымерзания.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Почва, покрытая снегом, промерзает меньше, потому что снег имеет пористую структуру с большим количеством воздуха, что делает его отличным теплоизолятором. Снежный покров препятствует потере тепла из почвы в холодную атмосферу.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Почему сады не рекомендуется разводить в низинах?</p><p>Сады не рекомендуется разводить в низинах из-за особенностей распределения температуры воздуха в рельефе, особенно в ночное время. Холодный воздух плотнее и, следовательно, тяжелее теплого воздуха.</p><p>В ясные и безветренные ночи поверхность земли быстро остывает за счет теплового излучения. Воздух, находящийся в контакте с землей, также охлаждается. Став более плотным и тяжелым, этот холодный воздух под действием силы тяжести начинает стекать по склонам вниз и скапливаться в самых низких местах рельефа — в низинах, долинах и котловинах. Этот процесс вытесняет более легкий теплый воздух вверх.</p><p>В результате в низинах образуются так называемые «заморозковые карманы» или «озера холода», где температура может быть на несколько градусов ниже, чем на окружающих возвышенностях. Это явление значительно повышает риск весенних и осенних заморозков, которые губительны для цветущих плодовых деревьев и молодых растений. Заморозки могут повредить или полностью уничтожить будущий урожай.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Сады не рекомендуется разводить в низинах, так как в ночное время холодный и плотный воздух стекает со склонов и скапливается в этих низинах, создавая зоны с более низкой температурой и высоким риском губительных для растений заморозков.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Почему самая высокая температура не в полдень, а после полудня?</p><p>Самая высокая температура в течение суток наблюдается не в полдень, а после полудня из-за тепловой инерции Земли и ее атмосферы. В полдень (около 12 часов по местному солнечному времени) Солнце находится в наивысшей точке своей дневной траектории, и интенсивность поступающей на поверхность Земли солнечной радиации максимальна.</p><p>Однако температура воздуха продолжает расти до тех пор, пока количество энергии, получаемой Землей от Солнца, превышает количество энергии, которую Земля излучает обратно в космос. После полудня, хотя интенсивность солнечного излучения начинает уменьшаться, она все еще остается достаточно высокой и превышает теплоотдачу земной поверхности.</p><p>Земная поверхность и приземный слой воздуха продолжают накапливать тепло. Максимальная температура достигается в тот момент, когда устанавливается баланс между притоком солнечной энергии и ее расходом (излучением Земли). Обычно это происходит через 2-4 часа после полудня, то есть примерно с 14:00 до 16:00. После этого момента Земля начинает отдавать больше тепла, чем получает от Солнца, и температура воздуха начинает снижаться.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Самая высокая температура достигается после полудня, потому что поверхность Земли и воздух продолжают нагреваться до тех пор, пока приток тепла от Солнца превышает его потерю за счет излучения. Этот баланс достигается не в полдень, когда приток максимален, а несколькими часами позже.</p>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1820257 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1470268" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>1.</strong> Объясните, почему почва, покрытая снегом, промерзает меньше, чем открытая.</p><p>Снег является плохим проводником тепла, то есть обладает низкой теплопроводностью. Это свойство объясняется его структурой: снежный покров состоит из множества ледяных кристаллов (снежинок), между которыми находится большое количество воздуха. Воздух сам по себе — очень хороший теплоизолятор.</p><p>Зимой температура воздуха опускается значительно ниже нуля, в то время как земля, накопившая тепло за лето, имеет более высокую температуру. Снежный покров, подобно одеялу, создает изолирующий слой между холодной атмосферой и поверхностью почвы. Он замедляет процесс теплоотдачи от земли в воздух.</p><p>Таким образом, под снегом почва теряет тепло гораздо медленнее, чем открытый грунт, который напрямую контактирует с холодным воздухом и быстро отдает тепло. Благодаря этой теплоизоляции почва под снегом промерзает на меньшую глубину или не промерзает вовсе, что защищает корни растений от вымерзания.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Почва, покрытая снегом, промерзает меньше, потому что снег имеет пористую структуру с большим количеством воздуха, что делает его отличным теплоизолятором. Снежный покров препятствует потере тепла из почвы в холодную атмосферу.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Почему сады не рекомендуется разводить в низинах?</p><p>Сады не рекомендуется разводить в низинах из-за особенностей распределения температуры воздуха в рельефе, особенно в ночное время. Холодный воздух плотнее и, следовательно, тяжелее теплого воздуха.</p><p>В ясные и безветренные ночи поверхность земли быстро остывает за счет теплового излучения. Воздух, находящийся в контакте с землей, также охлаждается. Став более плотным и тяжелым, этот холодный воздух под действием силы тяжести начинает стекать по склонам вниз и скапливаться в самых низких местах рельефа — в низинах, долинах и котловинах. Этот процесс вытесняет более легкий теплый воздух вверх.</p><p>В результате в низинах образуются так называемые «заморозковые карманы» или «озера холода», где температура может быть на несколько градусов ниже, чем на окружающих возвышенностях. Это явление значительно повышает риск весенних и осенних заморозков, которые губительны для цветущих плодовых деревьев и молодых растений. Заморозки могут повредить или полностью уничтожить будущий урожай.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Сады не рекомендуется разводить в низинах, так как в ночное время холодный и плотный воздух стекает со склонов и скапливается в этих низинах, создавая зоны с более низкой температурой и высоким риском губительных для растений заморозков.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Почему самая высокая температура не в полдень, а после полудня?</p><p>Самая высокая температура в течение суток наблюдается не в полдень, а после полудня из-за тепловой инерции Земли и ее атмосферы. В полдень (около 12 часов по местному солнечному времени) Солнце находится в наивысшей точке своей дневной траектории, и интенсивность поступающей на поверхность Земли солнечной радиации максимальна.</p><p>Однако температура воздуха продолжает расти до тех пор, пока количество энергии, получаемой Землей от Солнца, превышает количество энергии, которую Земля излучает обратно в космос. После полудня, хотя интенсивность солнечного излучения начинает уменьшаться, она все еще остается достаточно высокой и превышает теплоотдачу земной поверхности.</p><p>Земная поверхность и приземный слой воздуха продолжают накапливать тепло. Максимальная температура достигается в тот момент, когда устанавливается баланс между притоком солнечной энергии и ее расходом (излучением Земли). Обычно это происходит через 2-4 часа после полудня, то есть примерно с 14:00 до 16:00. После этого момента Земля начинает отдавать больше тепла, чем получает от Солнца, и температура воздуха начинает снижаться.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Самая высокая температура достигается после полудня, потому что поверхность Земли и воздух продолжают нагреваться до тех пор, пока приток тепла от Солнца превышает его потерю за счет излучения. Этот баланс достигается не в полдень, когда приток максимален, а несколькими часами позже.</p>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1470269" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1470267" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1121 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 1038 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1123 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "физику" "field_creative_case" => "физикой" "field_dative_case" => "физике" "field_genitive_case" => "физики" "field_nominative_case" => "физика" "field_prepositional_case" => "физике" ] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "физику" "field_creative_case" => "физикой" "field_dative_case" => "физике" "field_genitive_case" => "физики" "field_nominative_case" => "физика" "field_prepositional_case" => "физике" ] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1125 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "восьмой" "field_creative_case" => "восьмым" "field_dative_case" => "восьмому" "field_genitive_case" => "восьмого" "field_nominative_case" => "восьмой" "field_prepositional_case" => "восьмом" ] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1127 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1129 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 5107 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Марон" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Абрам" "field_patronymic" => "Евсеевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 5107 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Марон" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Абрам" "field_patronymic" => "Евсеевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1130 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 5108 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Марон" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Евгений" "field_patronymic" => "Абрамович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 5108 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Марон" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Евгений" "field_patronymic" => "Абрамович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1133 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6510 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Дидактические материалы" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "didakticheskie materialy" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6510 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Дидактические материалы" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "didakticheskie materialy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1135 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1137 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1141 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 38 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "базовый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "bazovyy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 38 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "базовый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "bazovyy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1143 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 25 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (новый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_color" => "красный" "field_end_year" => "2027" "field_start_year" => "2023" "field_translit" => "fgos" "field_type" => "новый" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 25 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (новый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_color" => "красный" "field_end_year" => "2027" "field_start_year" => "2023" "field_translit" => "fgos" "field_type" => "новый" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1145 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 33 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "стереотипное" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 33 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "стереотипное" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2022" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "661" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/maron-dm/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-111138-5" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/maron-dm/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760461989" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_08/maron-dm/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760461989" "alt" => "" "width" => "2294" "height" => "3039" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1149 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1151 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 45 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "белый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "belyy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 45 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "белый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "belyy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 1038 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2022" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "661" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/maron-dm/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-111138-5" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/maron-dm/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760461989" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_08/maron-dm/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760461989" "alt" => "" "width" => "2294" "height" => "3039" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1149} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1359 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1162 #connection: "mysql" #table: "book_pages" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1469670 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "66" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/page-66" "field_display_title" => "66" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "66" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1167 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1169 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 1038 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1170 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1172 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1179 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1182 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1184 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1188 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1192 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1194 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2022" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "661" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/maron-dm/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-111138-5" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1195 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1196 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1198 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 1038 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1170 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1172 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1179 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1182 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1184 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1188 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1192 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1194 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2022" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "661" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/maron-dm/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-111138-5" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1195 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1196 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1198 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1202 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1761550 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1203 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1761550 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1203 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1469671" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1469669" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210 #items: array:6 [ 0 => App\Models\Task {#1211 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1470264 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "65" "field_page_end" => "66" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/cp02-5" "field_display_title" => "Вариант 5" "field_outside_task" => "0" "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1214 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1250 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1290 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1301 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1470264 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "65" "field_page_end" => "66" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/cp02-5" "field_display_title" => "Вариант 5" "field_outside_task" => "0" "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1214 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1250 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1290 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1301 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Task {#1302 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1470265 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "66" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/cp02-6" "field_display_title" => "Вариант 6" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1303 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1304 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1305 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1306 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1307 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1312 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1470265 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "66" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/cp02-6" "field_display_title" => "Вариант 6" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1303 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1304 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1305 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1306 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1307 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1312 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Task {#1313 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1470266 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "66" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/cp02-7" "field_display_title" => "Вариант 7" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1314 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1315 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1316 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1317 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1318 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1323 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1470266 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "66" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/cp02-7" "field_display_title" => "Вариант 7" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1314 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1315 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1316 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1317 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1318 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1323 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 3 => App\Models\Task {#1324 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1470267 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "66" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/cp02-8" "field_display_title" => "Вариант 8" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1325 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1326 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1327 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1328 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1329 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1334 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1470267 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "66" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/cp02-8" "field_display_title" => "Вариант 8" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1325 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1326 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1327 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1328 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1329 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1334 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 4 => App\Models\Task {#1335 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1470268 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "66" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/cp02-9" "field_display_title" => "Вариант 9" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1336 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1337 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1338 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1339 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1340 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1345 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1470268 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "66" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/cp02-9" "field_display_title" => "Вариант 9" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1336 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1337 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1338 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1339 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1340 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1345 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 5 => App\Models\Task {#1346 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1470269 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "66" "field_page_end" => "67" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/cp02-10" "field_display_title" => "Вариант 10" "field_outside_task" => "0" "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1347 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1348 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1349 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1350 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1351 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1356 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1470269 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "66" "field_page_end" => "67" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/cp02-10" "field_display_title" => "Вариант 10" "field_outside_task" => "0" "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1347 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1348 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1349 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1350 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1351 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1356 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 1469670 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "66" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/page-66" "field_display_title" => "66" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "66" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168} "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1167} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1469671" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1469669" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1470268 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "66" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/cp02-9" "field_display_title" => "Вариант 9" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#331} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1029} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1026} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1470269" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1470267" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1469670" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] }
Вариант 9 (с. 66)
Условие. Вариант 9 (с. 66)
скриншот условия
Вариант 9
1. Объясните, почему почва, покрытая снегом, промерзает меньше, чем открытая.
2. Почему сады не рекомендуется разводить в низинах?
3. Почему самая высокая температура не в полдень, а после полудня?
Решение. Вариант 9 (с. 66)
1. Объясните, почему почва, покрытая снегом, промерзает меньше, чем открытая.
Снег является плохим проводником тепла, то есть обладает низкой теплопроводностью. Это свойство объясняется его структурой: снежный покров состоит из множества ледяных кристаллов (снежинок), между которыми находится большое количество воздуха. Воздух сам по себе — очень хороший теплоизолятор.
Зимой температура воздуха опускается значительно ниже нуля, в то время как земля, накопившая тепло за лето, имеет более высокую температуру. Снежный покров, подобно одеялу, создает изолирующий слой между холодной атмосферой и поверхностью почвы. Он замедляет процесс теплоотдачи от земли в воздух.
Таким образом, под снегом почва теряет тепло гораздо медленнее, чем открытый грунт, который напрямую контактирует с холодным воздухом и быстро отдает тепло. Благодаря этой теплоизоляции почва под снегом промерзает на меньшую глубину или не промерзает вовсе, что защищает корни растений от вымерзания.
Ответ: Почва, покрытая снегом, промерзает меньше, потому что снег имеет пористую структуру с большим количеством воздуха, что делает его отличным теплоизолятором. Снежный покров препятствует потере тепла из почвы в холодную атмосферу.
2. Почему сады не рекомендуется разводить в низинах?
Сады не рекомендуется разводить в низинах из-за особенностей распределения температуры воздуха в рельефе, особенно в ночное время. Холодный воздух плотнее и, следовательно, тяжелее теплого воздуха.
В ясные и безветренные ночи поверхность земли быстро остывает за счет теплового излучения. Воздух, находящийся в контакте с землей, также охлаждается. Став более плотным и тяжелым, этот холодный воздух под действием силы тяжести начинает стекать по склонам вниз и скапливаться в самых низких местах рельефа — в низинах, долинах и котловинах. Этот процесс вытесняет более легкий теплый воздух вверх.
В результате в низинах образуются так называемые «заморозковые карманы» или «озера холода», где температура может быть на несколько градусов ниже, чем на окружающих возвышенностях. Это явление значительно повышает риск весенних и осенних заморозков, которые губительны для цветущих плодовых деревьев и молодых растений. Заморозки могут повредить или полностью уничтожить будущий урожай.
Ответ: Сады не рекомендуется разводить в низинах, так как в ночное время холодный и плотный воздух стекает со склонов и скапливается в этих низинах, создавая зоны с более низкой температурой и высоким риском губительных для растений заморозков.
3. Почему самая высокая температура не в полдень, а после полудня?
Самая высокая температура в течение суток наблюдается не в полдень, а после полудня из-за тепловой инерции Земли и ее атмосферы. В полдень (около 12 часов по местному солнечному времени) Солнце находится в наивысшей точке своей дневной траектории, и интенсивность поступающей на поверхность Земли солнечной радиации максимальна.
Однако температура воздуха продолжает расти до тех пор, пока количество энергии, получаемой Землей от Солнца, превышает количество энергии, которую Земля излучает обратно в космос. После полудня, хотя интенсивность солнечного излучения начинает уменьшаться, она все еще остается достаточно высокой и превышает теплоотдачу земной поверхности.
Земная поверхность и приземный слой воздуха продолжают накапливать тепло. Максимальная температура достигается в тот момент, когда устанавливается баланс между притоком солнечной энергии и ее расходом (излучением Земли). Обычно это происходит через 2-4 часа после полудня, то есть примерно с 14:00 до 16:00. После этого момента Земля начинает отдавать больше тепла, чем получает от Солнца, и температура воздуха начинает снижаться.
Ответ: Самая высокая температура достигается после полудня, потому что поверхность Земли и воздух продолжают нагреваться до тех пор, пока приток тепла от Солнца превышает его потерю за счет излучения. Этот баланс достигается не в полдень, когда приток максимален, а несколькими часами позже.
Другие задания:
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